1

PreorPostMay1869:HowDidYourAncestorsGet“There?--BarbaraFinesPrice

Land Control Pre-1700 Physical Features of Eastern America

2

3

InformationonThosePeopleWhoareScotch-Irish

Scotch-Irish is a name for a group of people who moved from Scotland to Northern Ireland from 1607 up to about 1700. They settled in Ulster Province Ireland, which includes County Antrim, Down, Tyrone and others. The people were from the low lands of Scotland and over 90% were Presbyterians. These people were industrious and adventurous. attributes that would give them a great advantage in the American frontier. They built up the linen and wool trade in Ireland and were great farmers as well.

By 1725 the oppression of the English government had sparked their famous sense of adventure and they were off by the boat load to America. Whole congregations would immigrate together and the ports of entry at that point were New Castle and Philadelphia on the Delaware River. By 1728, 200,000 Scotch-Irish Presbyterians had migrated to America along with 130 of their ministers. This number represented a third of all Scotsmen living in Ireland at the time. By the time of the 1740 famine in Ulster an average of 12,000 Scotch-Irish migrated a year.

Once in America the Scotsmen went about building a new meeting house. The first Presbyterian congregation was established in 1695 in Philadelphia. As a matter of course when new ships arrived, the settled Scotsmen would help the new arrivals get settled and establish a home. Due to the fact, that as many as 2/3 of the

passengers would die on the voyage, many more Scotch-Irish became indentured servants than the Germans. The people left living were expected to pay the passage of the deceased.

The Scotch-Irish's restless spirit didn't allow them to stay in one place very long. Generally they would spend several years in one place, then up root the family to move further south on the great wagon road. At first a little further West in Pennsylvania, then South to Western Maryland, next to central Virginia, and finally South to the Carolinas and Georgia.

The followers of John Knox remained stanch Presbyterians in America and they had a very unique way of looking at life. This is a quote from a common prayer: “Teach me, Oh Lord, to think well of myself.” As a result of their restless spirit and unique faith they were likely to intermarry with the Indians and Germans. They were generally the first to charge through uncharted territory and settle in the back of beyond.

4

5

ChronologyofGermanicHistory

· 1618-1648 Thirty Years War leaves France the main power in Europe. Palatinate is main battle area of the war.

· 1654 Spanish troops occupy the Palatinate. · 1681 Pennsylvania in America founded by William Penn. · 1683 13 families from Krefeld immigrate to Pennsylvania. · 1685 French Huguenots (Calvinists) flee persecution. Some immigrate to America. · 1701-1714 War of Spanish Succession, Palatines leave for England. · 1708 First group of Palatines leave for America with Kocherthal. · 1709 600 Palatines found New Bern, North Carolina. · 1710 3,000 Palatines settle in New York along the Hudson river valley and into Rhinebeck,

Mohawk and Schoharie Valleys. · 1710-1720 around 20,000 Palatines settle in Pennsylvania around Lancaster County. · 1714 12 reformed families from Westphalia brought to Germanna, Virginia to work iron. · 1718-1719 French settle German families on Mississippi north of New Orleans. · 1734 42 Salzburg families settle in Ebenzer, Georgia on the Savannah River. · 1734 Harper's Ferry at the junction of the Shenandoah and Potomac Rivers founded. · 1735 Monocracy Valley of Maryland settled. · 1735 Lexington and Orange burg Districts of South Carolina settled. · 1736 Moravians settle in Georgia. · 1740 Waldoburg (now Maine) settled by 40 German families from Brunswick and Saxony. · 1742 Moravians settled in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. · 1749 Settlement of New Germantown, Massachusetts. · 1818 597 Germans land in New Orleans in connection with Le Havre cotton trade. · 1819 First transatlantic steam ship crosses ocean. · 1819 United States passes Passenger Act and ends the Redemptioner (indentured servant) traffic. · 1820 Heavy immigration from upper Rhine through La Havre to New Orleans then up the

Mississippi to cooler climates. · 1830 Heavy immigration from Bremen to Baltimore for tobacco from Northwestern Germans

along the Weser river to Maryland and Virginia interior towards the Ohio Valley. · 1840 The port of Hamburg is finished and allows heavy immigration from southeastern Germany. · 1840 New York becomes main port of entry for Germany. The Erie Canal is the favored route to

the upper Midwest. · 1860 Five million Germanic people have entered America.

6

Northern Military Defense Routes

7

Forts Built for Defense During French & Indian War

8

Trails Post French and Indian and Revolution War

9

10

Migration Bibliography Boyer, 3rd Carl; “Ship Passenger Lists” including New York and New Jersey 1600 – 1825, Pennsylvania and Delaware 1641 – 1825 and The South 1538 – 1825. Heritage Books, Inc., Publishing Division 65 East Main Street Westminster, Maryland 21157-5026, www.heritagebooks.com. Copyright 1978 and 1980 printed 2007, ISBN: 978-0-940907-23-2, 978-0-940-90724-0 and 978-0-940-90726-3. Dollarhide, William; “Map Guide to American Migration Routes, 1735 – 1815” Published by HeritageQuest, Products by UMI Publishing, North Salt Lake, Utah; www.heritagequest.com. Copyright 1997 printed 2000, ISBN 1-877677-74-4. “The census book : a genealogist's guide to federal census facts, schedules and indexes : with master extraction forms for federal census schedules, 1790-1930” Published by HeritageQuest, Products by UMI Publishing, North Salt Lake, Utah; www.heritagequest.com. Copyright 1999, ISBN 1-877677-99-X. Eldridge, Carrie; “An Atlas of Appalachian Trails to the Ohio River” Printed by: CDM Printing Inc., 541 Camden Road, Huntington, WV 25704. Copyright 1998, ISBN 1-928979-26-2.

“An Atlas of Southern Trails to the Mississippi” Printed by: CDM Printing Inc., 541 Camden Road, Huntington, WV 25704. Copyright 1999, ISBN 1-928979-27-0.

“An Atlas of Northern Trails Westward From New England” Printed by: CDM Printing Inc., 541 Camden Road, Huntington, WV 25704. Copyright 2000, ISBN 1-928979-34-3.

“An Atlas of Settlement Between The Appalachian Mountains and The Mississippi-Missouri Valleys 1760-1880” Printed by: CDM Printing Inc., 541 Camden Road, Huntington, WV 25704. Copyright 2006, ISBN 1-928979-42-4.

“An Atlas of Trails West of The Mississippi River” Printed by: CDM Printing Inc., 541 Camden Road, Huntington, WV 25704. Copyright 2001, ISBN 1-928979-38-6.

“An Atlas of German Migration and America” Printed by: CDM Printing Inc., 541 Camden Road, Huntington, WV 25704. Copyright 2002, ISBN 1-928979-44-0. Rouse, Jr. Parke; “The Great Wagon Road: From Philadelphia To The South” How Scotch-Irish and Germanics Settled the Uplands The Dietz Press 1004 N. Thompson Street, Suite 103 Richmond, Virginia 23230; www.dietzpress.com original publication: 1915 reprinted 2008 ISBN 0-87517-065-X.