pre-class 5 minutes to work on vocab. if finished, grab an “anchor” paper from the front table
TRANSCRIPT
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Pre-Class•5 minutes to work on vocab.
•If finished, grab an “anchor” paper from the front table.
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Why was the church so important, and why was it able to
become so powerful in the Middle Ages?
Take a gander at the map on page 192
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THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH
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PARISH PRIESTRAN THE PARISH (VILLAGE CHURCH), ADMINISTERED SACRAMENTSWAS PROBABLY A PEASANT
SACRAMENTS: CEREMONIES NEEDED FOR SALVATION (BAPTISM, EUCHARIST, LAST RITES)
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VILLAGE CHURCH• CENTER OF LIFE OF
THE VILLAGE• SOCIAL GATHERING• FORBADE
DIVORCE• TOOK CARE OF
WIDOWS & ORPHANS
• ALMS FOR THE POOR
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TITHE
10% TAX COLLECTED BY CHURCH TO CARE FOR WIDOWS & POOR
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WOMEN IN THE CHURCH
• Seen as sinful• Supposed to act modest
and pure• Could not be leaders in
the Church• Could be Nuns
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MONASTICISMMONKS
LIVED IN MONASTERY
HEADED BY AN ABBOTT
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MONASTICISMBENEDICTINE RULE
– Vows of poverty, chastity, obedience
– Manual labor important—tended fields, agriculture
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MONASTICISMSERVICE• TOOK CARE OF
WIDOWS & ORPHANS• ALMS FOR THE POOR• HOSPITALS
AGRICULTURAL ADVANCES
LEARNING: PRESERVED AND COPIED BOOKS
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ST. GREGORY
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Learning
• BOOKS WERE COPIED BY HAND BY MONKS– ILLUMINATIONS
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MONASTICISM: Convents
NUNSLIVED IN A CONVENT
CARED FOR SICK & POOR
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PRE-CLASS
•PAGE 193 BOOK OF KELLS
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Happy Friday•What position in the Church
was closest to that of a peasant?–Priest?–Bishop?–Archbishop?–Pope?
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HIERARCHYPOPE
HEAD OF THE CHURCH IN WESTERN EUROPE
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HIERARCHYCARDINALS:
ADVISORS TO POPE
ARCHBISHOPMANAGED MANY DIOCESES
DIOCESE: GEOGRAPHICAL AREA
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HIERARCHYBISHOP
MANAGED A DIOCESE
CATHEDRAL: MOST IMPORTANT CHURCH IN DIOCESE
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RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY
POPE CLAIMED SUPREME POLITICAL POWER OVER MONARCHS & RULED PAPAL STATES
CANNON LAW: CHURCH LAW AND COURTS
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THE CHURCH & MEDIEVAL POLITICAL
LIFEEXCOMMUNICATION
PERSON WAS CUT OFF FROM CHURCH & SACRAMENTS
INTERDICTAN ENTIRE REGION WAS IN DANGER OF DAMNATION
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•PEACE OF GOD: DICTATED WHERE BATTLES COULD BE FOUGHT
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•TRUCE OF GOD: DICTATED DAYS WHEN THEY COULD NOT FIGHT
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REFORM MOVEMENTS• Necessary because the
church became so concerned with wealth
• Cluniac reforms:– Revived Benedictine rule– Banned lay investiture,
simony, marriage for priests
• Friars: monks who live among the people
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JEWS IN EUROPE•Flourished in Spain•Gained positions in
government as advisors
•Persecution increased as disease spread
•Became money lenders, physicians, financial advisors
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PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH
• LAY INVESTITURE: NOBLES MADE THEIR FRIENDS BISHOPS & ABBOTS
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PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH
• CLERGY LIVED LIVES OF LUXURY
• SIMONY: PEOPLE PAID FOR POSITIONS IN CHURCH
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PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH
•HERESY: SPEAKING AGAINST THE CHURCH & ITS TEACHINGS
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•SSR AFTER QUIZ