pre amit mba

8/4/2019 Pre Amit Mba

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ASUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM

REPORTON

MARKET RESEARCH ON WHEAT IN COMMODITY MARKET

SUBMITTED BY :-PATEL AMIT CENR,NO: 108000592014


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HISTORY OF KARVY COMTRADE LIMITED

Karvy Comtrade Limited is another venture of the prestigious Karvygroup. With our well established presence in the multifarious facets ofthe modern Financial services industry from stock broking to registryservices, it is indeed a pleasure for us to make foray into thecommodities derivatives market which opens yet another door for us todeliver our service to our beloved customers and the investor.

With the high quality infrastructure already in place and a committedGovernment providing continuous impetus, it is the responsibility of us,the intermediaries to deliver these benefits at the door-steps of ouresteemed customers. With our expertise in financial services, existenceacross the lengths and breadths of the country and an enviabletechnological edge, we are all set to bring to you, the pleasure ofinvesting in this burgeoning market, which can touch upon the lives of avast majority of the population from the farmer to the corporate alike.

We are confident that the commodity futures can be a good valueaddition to your portfolio.

The company provides investment, advisory and brokerage services inIndian Commodities Markets. And most importantly, we offer a widereach through our branch network of over 225 branches located across180 cities.


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ACHIEVEMENT

Among the top 5 stock brokers in India (4% of NSEvolumes)

India's No. 1 Registrar & Securities Transfer Agents

Among the top 3 Depository Participants

Largest Network of Branches & BusinessAssociates

ISO 9002 certified operations by DNV

Among top 10 Investment bankers

Largest Distributor of Financial Products Adjudged as one of the top 50 IT uses in India by

MIS Asia


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ORGANISATION CHART

DIRECTOR

EXECUTIVE

DISTRIBUTOR

CLIENT


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MISSION OF KARVY COMTRADE

To develop a Common Indian Market, by setting upa national level electronic spot market andproviding a state of art trading, delivery andsettlement facilities in various commodities, which

can be accessed from across the country.


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OBJECTIVE OF KARVY COMTRADE

To provide an effective method of spot price discovery in variouscommodities, in a transparent manner from across the country

To create a market where farmers can sell their produce and realize saleproceeds at the best prevailing price.

To create a market where the processors, end users, exporters,corporates (both private and government) and other upcountry traders

can procure agricultural produces at the most competitive price, withoutany counter party and quality risk.

To create a transparent market where financiers, investors andarbitrageurs can invest money in buying various commodities across thecountry without going through the hassles of physical market.

To provide authentic spot price of various commodities that can be usedby the futures market as the benchmark price for settlement of their

contracts on the date of expiry. To help the futures exchanges, Forward Markets Commission (FMC) and

the Government in achieving the target of compulsory delivery in allagricultural produces by way of creating a structured and standardizedspot market.


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HISTORY OF COMMODITY

Historically, dating from ancient Sumerian use of sheep or goats, otherpeoples using pigs, rare seashells, or other items as commodity money,people have sought ways to standardize and trade contracts in thedelivery of such items, to render trade itself more smooth andpredictable.

Commodity money and commodity markets in a crude early form arebelieved to have originated in Sumer where small baked clay tokens inthe shape of sheep or goats were used in trade. Sealed in clay vesselswith a certain number of such tokens, with that number written on theoutside, they represented a promise to deliver that number. This madethem a form of commodity money - more than an I.O.U. but less than aguarantee by a nation-state or bank. However, they were also known tocontain promises of time and date of delivery - this made them like amodern futures contract. Regardless of the details, it was only possible

to verify the number of tokens inside by shaking the vessel or bybreaking it, at which point the number or terms written on the outsidebecame subject to doubt. Eventually the tokens disappeared, but thecontracts remained on flat tablets. This represented the first system ofcommodity accounting.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOU_(debt)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_contracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_contracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOU_(debt)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumer


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COMMODITIESMARKETSIZE

The trading of commodities consists of direct physical trading andderivatives trading. Exchange traded commodities have seen anupturn in the volume of trading since the start of the decade. Thiswas largely a result of the growing attraction of commodities asan asset class and a proliferation of investment options whichhas made it easier to access this market.

The global volume of commodities contracts traded onexchanges increased by a fifth in 2010, and a half since 2008, toaround 2.5 billion million contracts. During the three years up tothe end of 2010, global physical exports of commodities fell by2%, while the outstanding value of OTC commodities derivativesdeclined by two-thirds as investors reduced risk following a five-fold increase in value outstanding in the previous three years.

Trading on exchanges in China and India has gained inimportance in recent years due to their emergence as significantcommodities consumers and producers. China accounted formore than 60% of exchange-traded commodities in 2009, up onits 40% share in the previous year.


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COMMODITY EXCHANGES

Abuja Securities and Commodities Exchange

Africa Mercantile Exchange

Bhatinda Om & Oil Exchange Bathinda

Brazilian Mercantile and Futures Exchange

Chicago Board of Trade

Chicago Mercantile Exchange

Commodity Exchange Bratislava, JSC

Dalian Commodity Exchange

Dubai Mercantile Exchange

Dubai Gold & Commodities Exchange

Euronext.liffe
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuja_Securities_and_Commodities_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa_Mercantile_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhatinda_Om_&_Oil_Exchange_Bathinda&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Mercantile_and_Futures_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Board_of_Tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Mercantile_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_Exchange_Bratislava,_JSChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalian_Commodity_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Mercantile_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dubai_Gold_&_Commodities_Exchange&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euronext.liffehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euronext.liffehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dubai_Gold_&_Commodities_Exchange&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Mercantile_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalian_Commodity_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_Exchange_Bratislava,_JSChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Mercantile_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Board_of_Tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Mercantile_and_Futures_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhatinda_Om_&_Oil_Exchange_Bathinda&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhatinda_Om_&_Oil_Exchange_Bathinda&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhatinda_Om_&_Oil_Exchange_Bathinda&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhatinda_Om_&_Oil_Exchange_Bathinda&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa_Mercantile_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuja_Securities_and_Commodities_Exchange


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COMMODITY

MCX

Following are the commodities traded in MCX.

Gold, Gold M,Gold HNI, Silver, Silver M, Silver HNI

Castor Seeds, Soy Seeds, Castor Oil, Refined Soy Oil,Soymeal, RBD Palmolein, Crude Palm Oil, Groundnut Oil,

Mustard Seed, Mustard Seed Oil, Cottonseed Oilcake,Cottonseed

Pepper,Red Chilli, Jeera, Turmeric

Steel Long, Steel Flat, Copper, Nickel, Tin

Kapas, Long Staple Cotton, Medium Staple Cotton

Chana, Urad, Yellow Peas, Tur Rice, Basmati Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sarbati Rice

Crude Oil

Rubber, Guar Seed, Gur, Guargum Bandhani,Guargum,Cashew Kernel, Guarseed Bandhani
http://www.karvycomtrade.com/gold_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/gold_m_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/gold_hni_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/silver_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/silver_m_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/silver_hni_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/castor_seed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/soy_seed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/castor_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/re_soy_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/soymeal_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rbd_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/palm_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/groundnut_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/mustard_seed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/mustard_seed_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/cottonseed_oilcake_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/cottonseed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/pepper_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Red_Chilli_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/jeera_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Turmeric_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/steel_long_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/steel_flat_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/copper_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/nickel_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/tin_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/kapas_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/long_staple_cotton_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/medium_staple_cotton_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/chana_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/urad_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/yellow_peas_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/tur_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/bas_rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/wheat_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/maize_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Sarbati_rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Crude_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rubber_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/guar_seed_res_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Cashew_Kernel_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guarseed_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guarseed_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guarseed_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guarseed_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guarseed_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Cashew_Kernel_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Guar_Gum_Bandhani_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/guar_seed_res_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rubber_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Crude_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Sarbati_rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Sarbati_rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Sarbati_rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/maize_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/wheat_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/bas_rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rice_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/tur_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/yellow_peas_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/urad_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/urad_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/chana_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/chana_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/medium_staple_cotton_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/long_staple_cotton_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/kapas_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/kapas_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/tin_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/nickel_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/copper_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/steel_flat_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/steel_long_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Turmeric_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/jeera_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/jeera_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Red_Chilli_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Red_Chilli_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/Red_Chilli_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/pepper_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/cottonseed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/cottonseed_oilcake_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/mustard_seed_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/mustard_seed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/groundnut_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/palm_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rbd_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rbd_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/rbd_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/soymeal_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/soymeal_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/re_soy_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/castor_oil_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/soy_seed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/castor_seed_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/silver_hni_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/silver_m_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/silver_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/gold_hni_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/gold_m_contract.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/gold_contract.aspx


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NCDEX

Agro Products

Arabica Coffee

Cashew

Castor Seed

Chana Chilli

Common Raw Rice

Common Parboiled Rice

Crude Palm Oil

Cotton Seed Oilcake Expeller Mustard Oil

Grade A Parboiled Rice

Grade A Raw Rice

Guar gum

Guar Seeds
http://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_arabica_coffee.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_cashew.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_castor_seed.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_chana.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_chilli.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_commonRRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_commonPRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_crudepalmoil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_cotcake.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_mustardoil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_gradePRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_gradeRRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_guar_gum.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_guar.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_guar.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_guar_gum.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_gradeRRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_gradePRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_mustardoil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_cotcake.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_crudepalmoil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_commonPRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_commonRRice.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_chilli.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_chana.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_castor_seed.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_cashew.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/products_agro_arabica_coffee.aspx


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ICEX

Bullion

Gold,Silver

Metals

Aluminium,Copper,Lead,Nickel,Zinc

Energy Crude Oil,Natural Gas

Oil and oilseeds complex

Soybean,Soy Oil,Mustard Seed,Palm Oil

Spices

Jeera,Turmeric Pulses

Chana

Other agro products

Guar Seed
http://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Gold.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Silver.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Aluminium.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Copper.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Lead.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Nickel.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Zinc.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_CrudeOil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_NaturalGas.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Soybean.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_SoyOil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_MustardSeed.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_PalmOil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Jeera.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Turmeric.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Chana.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_GuarSeed.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_GuarSeed.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Chana.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Turmeric.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Jeera.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Jeera.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_PalmOil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_MustardSeed.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_SoyOil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Soybean.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_NaturalGas.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_CrudeOil.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Zinc.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Nickel.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Lead.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Copper.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Aluminium.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Aluminium.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Silver.aspxhttp://www.karvycomtrade.com/icex_Gold.aspx


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NATIONALSPORTEXCHANGELTD

Introduction

National Spot Exchange Limited (NSEL)is a national level, institutionalized, electronic,

transparent spot market. It is the state-of the-artorganized and structured delivery based marketplace providing facilities for risk free and hassle freepurchase and sell of various commodities acrossthe country. The Exchange is poised to transform

the commodity market by way of reducing the costof intermediation and thereby improving marketingefficiency.


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HISTORY OF WHEAT

Wheat is one of the first cereals known to have beendomesticated, and wheat's ability to self-pollinate greatlyfacilitated the selection of many distinct domesticatedvarieties.

The archaeological record suggests that this first

occurred in the regions known as the Fertile Crescent,and the Nile Delta. These include southeastern parts ofTurkey, Lebanon, Syria, the Levant, Israel, and Egypt.Recent findings narrow the first domestication of wheatdown to a small region of southeastern Turkey, anddomesticated Einkorn wheat at Neval ori40 miles

(64 km) northwest of Gobekli Tepe in Turkeyhas beendated to 9,000 B.C.

However evidence for the exploitation of wild barley hasbeen dated to 23,000 B.C. and some say this is alsotrue of pre-domesticated wheat.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einkornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neval%C4%B1_%C3%87orihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neval%C4%B1_%C3%87orihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobekli_Tepehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobekli_Tepehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobekli_Tepehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobekli_Tepehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neval%C4%B1_%C3%87orihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neval%C4%B1_%C3%87orihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neval%C4%B1_%C3%87orihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einkornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_Deltahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_crescent


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INTRODUCTION OF WHEAT

Wheat is a grass, originally from the Fertile Crescent region of the NearEast, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheatwas 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal aftermaize (784 million tons) and rice (651 million tons). Globally, wheat is theleading source of vegetable protein in human food, having a higherprotein content than either maize (corn) or rice, the other major cereals.In terms of total production tonnages used for food, it is currently second

to rice as the main human food crop, and ahead of maize, after allowingfor maize's more extensive use in animal feeds.

Wheat was a key factor enabling the emergence of city-based societiesat the start of civilization because it was one of the first crops that couldbe easily cultivated on a large scale, and had the additional advantage ofyielding a harvest that provides long-term storage of food. Wheat is afactor in contributing to city-states in the Fertile Crescent including theBabylonian and Assyrian empires. Wheat grain is a staple food used tomake flour for leavened, flat and steamed breads, biscuits, cookies,cakes, breakfast cereal, pasta, noodles, couscous and for fermentationto make beer,other alcoholic beverages, or biofuel.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_Crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caryopsishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staple_foodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_(food)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_beveragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_beveragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_beveragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_beveragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_(food)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staple_foodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staple_foodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staple_foodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caryopsishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_Crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_Crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_Crescenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceae


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ORIGIN

Archaeological analysis of wild emmer indicates that it was first cultivatedin the southern Levant with finds at Iraq ed-Dubb in northern Jordandating back as far as 9600 BCE. Genetic analysis of wild einkornwheatsuggests that it was first grown in the Karacadag Mountains insoutheastern Turkey.

Dated archeological remains of einkorn wheat in settlement sites nearthis region, including those at Abu Hureyra in Syria, suggests the

domestication of einkorn near the Karacadag Mountain Range. With theanomalous exception of two grains from Iraq ed-Dubb, the earliestcarbon-14 date for einkorn wheat remains at Abu Hureyra is 7800 to7500 years BCE.

Remains of harvested emmer from several sites near the KaracadagRange have been dated to between 8600 (at Cayonu) and 8400 BCE(Abu Hureyra), that is, in the Neolithic period. With the exception of Iraq

ed-Dubb, the earliest carbon-14 dated remains of domesticated emmerwheat were found in the earliest levels of Tell Aswad, in the Damascusbasin, near Mount Hermon in Syria. These remains were dated byWillem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BCE.They also concluded that the settlers of Tell Aswad did not develop thisform of emmer themselves, but brought the domesticated grains withthem from an as yet unidentified location elsewhere.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einkornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayonuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_Aswadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hermonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_Zeisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_Zeisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_Zeisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_Zeisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_Zeisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_Zeisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hermonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hermonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hermonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_Aswadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_Aswadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_Aswadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayonuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hureyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einkornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmer


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FACTORS INFLUENCING WHEAT MARKETS

Crop size

Crop conditions

The level of surplus or shortfall

Agricultural and economic policies in the countryand abroad

Worldwide demand for wheat

Domestic flour milling needs

The relative strength of the currancy


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WHEAT ECONOMICS

Harvested wheat grain is classified according to grain propertiesfor the purposes of the commodities market.

Wheat buyers use the classifications to help determine whichwheat to purchase as each class has special uses.

Wheat producers determine which classes of wheat are the mostprofitable to cultivate with this system.

Wheat is widely cultivated as a cash crop because it produces agood yield per acre, grows well in a temperate climate even witha moderately short growing season, and yields a versatile, high-quality flour that is widely used in baking. Most breads are madewith wheat flour, even many breads named for the other grains

they contain, including most rye and oat breads. Many other popular foods are made from wheat flour as well,

resulting in a large demand for the grain even in economies witha significant food surplus.


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INDIAN SCENARIOOFWHEAT

India has the largest area in the world under wheat. However, interms of production, we are only the third largest behind EU-25and China.

India produces about 65-75 million tons of wheat a year, which isabout 35% of India's total food grain production of 210-212million tons.

Since wheat and rice are grown in separate seasons, they do notcompete for area.

The major wheat producing states of India are Uttar Pradesh,Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Bihar. Whichtogether account for around 93% of total production.

Wheat is sown during November to January and harvested

during March to April. The wheat-marketing season in India isassumed to begin from April every year.

Indian wheat is largely soft/medium hard, medium protein, breadwheat. India also produces around 1.5 million tons of durumwheat, mostly in central and western India, which is notsegregated and marketed separately


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GLOBAL SCENARIO

The world wheat production in the recent years has beenobserved to be hovering between 560-580 million tons a year.

The biggest cultivators of wheat are EU-25, China, India,America, Russia, Australia, Canada, Pakistan, Turkey andArgentina. India, EU-25, China, India and US, the four largestproducers account for around 58% of the total global

production. World wheat consumption is consistently growing with growth

in population, as it is one of the major staple foods across theworld. The major consuming countries of wheat are EU,China, India, Russia, USA and Pakistan.

Around 16-19% of the world wheat production is tradedannually between countries. The annual world trade in wheatis to the extent of 102-106 million tons. America, Australia,Canada, EU-25 and Argentina are the five largest exporters ofwheat in the world.


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GRAPHS

Age distribution of the Investors. [ ] < 30

[ ] 31-35

[ ] 41-45

[ ] 46-50 [ ] 51 >

INTERPRETATION : -

As per the chart i can interpret that 50 percentage of people are below the 31-35 ages.

So the investor can target on this age group people.

0

10

20

30

40

5060

0-30 31-35 41-45 46-50

age

age


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WHATISYOUROCCUPATION?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

govt.ser pvt.ser business agri. other

occupation

occupation

[ ] Govt. service

[ ] Pvt. Service[ ] Business[ ] Agriculture[ ] Other

INTERPRETATION: -As per the chart I can say that the flow of the people in commodity market is business which is45% and after that government sector are also interested to invest in the commodity market. Incommodity, agricultural people are not more interested in commodity market.


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WHATISYOURMONTHLYFAMILYINCOME?

[ ] 30,000

INTERPRETATION: -

As per the chart I can say that the people who earn between 10000 to 15000that mostly prefer commodity after then the preferable family income is15000-20000. Minimum person are interested in as income level who earnbelow 10000 and 20000.

010203040

5060

income

income


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WHICHFACTORSDOYOUCONSIDERATTHETIMEOFINVESTMENT?

[ ] Liquidity

[ ] Low Risk

[ ] High Return

[ ] Trust

INTERPRETATION : -

As per the survey I can say that the people would like to invest Incommodity where they can take the low risk where the 5 % wouldlike to invest in the commodity for liquidity.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

liquidity low risk high return trust

factor for investment

factor for investment


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FROMWHICHSOURCESYOUGETTHEINFORMATIONABOUTCOMMODITY?

[ ] Advertisement

[ ] Peer Group

[ ] Bank

[ ] Financial Advisors

INTERPRETATION : -

As per the chart I can say that the 55% people can get the information about thecommodity from the advertisement where in 35% of people are getting the informationfrom the peer group and 10 % people get the information from the bank and remainingpeople get the information from the 2financial advisor.

0

10

20

30

40

5060

sources

sources


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