Practice Persuasive Essay

Review

◦Ethos ◦Pathos

◦Logos

Remember: A good persuasive

essay uses these techniques!Logos/Rational/Logical: Builds a well-reasoned argument based on evidence, such as facts, statistics, or expert testimony• Conforms to the

basic principles of argument, including accurate information, logical development and convincing evidence (proof).

• References to studies, statistics, case studies

Review Ethos Pathos Logos

Pathos/ Emotional:

Attempts to stir up the audience's feelings often by using loaded words that convey strong connections

Based on appeals to anger, fear, frustration, contentment, desires, and the like. Stories, inspirational quotes, vivid language

Review Ethos Pathos Logos

Ethos/Ethical: Linked to the audience's perception of the trustworthiness and credibility of the speaker or writer.

Impression of the speaker as someone with good sense and good willCites credible sources (people/places that others trust)

Review

Rhetorical Question

Allusion Parallelism

Asking questions for effect, not to get answers

Example: “How can we stand by idly when our freedoms are being taken away?”

Brainstorming Topic: Should schools follow the

traditional calendar or be year round? Stance: Specific Example

Reason: Year round school has additional cost

1. The additional cost of air conditioning, utilities, salaries, etc.

2. Arizona school cost raised Reason: 1.

2. Reason: 1.

2. Reason: 1.

2. Reason: 1.

2.

*Stanc

e: Pic

k your

side!

EXAMPLE

Brainstorming

Topic and Stance

Additional Cost

Air conditioning, utilities, etc.

School in Arizona raised $157K when switched to year round

Main Reason #2

Fact or Example

Fact or Example

Main Reason #3

Fact or Example

Fact or Example

1st Body Paragraph

2nd Body Paragraph 3rd Body Paragraph

Look at your chart on slide

3: Can any of the reasons

you give be categorized into one?

* Pick your 3 strongest

arguments!

Developing a Thesis Statement Topic: Stance: 3 Main Reasons:

Exact Words From the Prompt

Writer’s answers/positi

on/ choice

3 words / short

phrases that tell the reader how

my evidence

will be organized in

the body paragraphs

Outline Thesis: 1st reason: Examples/Facts/Effects: 2nd reason: Examples/Facts/Effects: 3rd reason: Examples/Facts/Effects:

Eliminate any examples that doesn’t

connect 100% to your

thesis

Body ParagraphsStart each body paragraph with a topic

sentence.

Each paragraph should give a different reason for the reader to agree with your position

Provide evidence to support your opinions: facts, statistics, examples, anecdotes, interview quotations, or expert opinions.

Conclusion/Warrant – how does the information presented supports the thesis

1st Paragraph Example : Reason Additional Cost

Like any other facility, keeping a school open requires a great deal of money. When a school changes to a year-round schedule, the costs skyrocket. Keeping school open in the middle of summer requires air conditioning, and that adds significantly to the school’s expenses. The usual utility bills grow because of the additional open-school time. Finally, teachers must be paid for all the weeks they are working. With all these factors, the cost of keeping schools open becomes immensely high. For example, a high school in Arizona had a cost increase of $157,000 when they switched to year-round schooling. Some schools may not be able to handle such increases, and other schools that can handle these expenses could be doing better things with the money. Is year-round school really where the money should go?

Emotional

Rhetorical Question

Body Paragraph 2 : Reason

Introduction Paragraph

1st sentence or sentences:◦Use a lead

that grabs the readers attention.

Examplesof Intro Sentence:

The Remainder of the Introduction Paragraph

Give background information about the situation

Include a thesis statement that gives your opinion (Look on slide 8)

Introduction Paragraph ExampleThe final bell rings. It’s the last day of

school, and summer has finally come! Students don’t have to think about school for at least another 2 1/2 months. That is the way it should always be. Year-round schooling has negative effects on students and their education, it adds to costs, and it disrupts the long-awaited summer vacation. Schools should continue using the traditional calendar to not negatively affect students, staff, or districts.

Introduction Paragraph

Conclusion Paragrapha restatement of the thesis statement,

using some of the original language or language that "echoes" the original language. (The restatement, however, must not be a duplicate thesis statement.)

a summary of the three main points from the body of the paper.

a final statement that gives the reader signals that the discussion has come to an end. (This final statement may be a "call to action" in a persuasive paper.)

Things you can include in your Conclusion Paragraph Use a quotation. Evoke a vivid image through a

metaphor or imagery. (Imagery and metaphors gain you bonus points)

End with a warning. Suggest results or consequences.Include a CLINCHER – your last

opportunity to connect with the audience. Hint* Emotion is great way to connect to your audience.

Complete the anecdote or scenario that you used to introduce you speech.

Conclusion Paragraph ExampleIt is evident that year-round schooling is

not the best option for the school calendar. There is absolutely nothing wrong with the traditional school year. With its negative effects on education, skyrocket costs and its disruption of summer vacation, the suggestion is a complete waste of time. Why change something that works so well? The final bell rings. Let’s make sure this bell means that the “real” summer vacation has come.

Conclusion Paragraph