practice
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practiceTRANSCRIPT
Health Promotion and Health
Teaching in the Community
CMAN 380Jorgia Connor, PhD, RN
PHN: Scope and Standards of Practice
(ANA, 2007)O Health education and teaching-
learning activities as CHN interventionsO Individuals, families, groupsO Homes, schools, communities, work,
institutionsO Partnerships: Communities & other
disciplines
Healthy People 2020… O Builds on a foundation of three decades
of work in health promotion and disease prevention objectives aimed at improving the health of all Americans.
O Is grounded in science, guided by public input, and designed to measure progress.
O Seeks to improve health outcomes through prevention strategies that address “ecological contexts” and determinants of health.
Healthy People 2020 Mission
O Identify nationwide health improvement priorities.
O Increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability and the opportunities for progress.
O Provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, State, and local levels.
Healthy People 2020 Mission (continued)
O Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven by the best available evidence and knowledge.
O Identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs.
Involving Non-Health Sectors To Address
Determinants of HealthO Healthy People 2020 will emphasize
involving sectors outside health, including:O Education
O Housing
O Environment
O Transportation
O Labor
O Agriculture
Ways To Use Healthy People 2020
O Go online: visit http://www.healthypeople.gov, a
user-centered Web site that provides a platform to learn, collaborate, plan, and implement strategies to reach the 2020 objectives.
O Integrate Healthy People 2020 into your programs, initiatives, special events, publications, and meetings.
O Use Healthy People as a tool to engage partners at all levels of government, across sectors, and in the community.
O Use Healthy People 2020 in health program planning.
How Health Care Providers Can UseHealthy People To Improve Population
HealthO Understand how health care and health services fit
into the context of population health.O Contribute to national progress on the Healthy
People objectives by offering patients relevant counseling, education, and other preventive services.
O Find objectives that pertain to your specific areas of specialization. O Understand how your patient population
compares with the U.S. population as a whole.O Learn about key issues within each Topic Area
that are important to address on a national level.
O Go to www.healthypeople.gov for specific objectives related to health care within the Topic Areas.
National Health Care Surveys
O National Center for Health Statistics: Primary health statistics site
O National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
O National Health Care Survey: Data from a group of surveys
National Health Care Surveys (cont’d)
O Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
O Office of Disease Prevention & Health Promotion (ODPHP)
Information resource: CDC Wonder
O integrated information and communication systemO Access statistical research data
published by CDCO reference materials, reports and
guidelines on health-related topics
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
(BRFSS)O On-going telephone health survey
system tracking health conditions and risk behaviors
O State-based system of health surveysO identify emerging health problems,
establish and track health objectivesO develop and evaluate public health
policies and programsO data to support health-related
legislative efforts.
Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)
O Data on health risk behaviors among high school studentsO Unintentional injuries/violence,
alcohol/tobacco/drug use, sexual behavior that contribute to unintended pregnancy & STDs, dietary and physical behavior, obesity, asthma
O National, state, and large urban school district surveys are conducted every two years
Individualization and the Adult Learner
O Individual characteristics: Age, social status, cultural issues, educational level
O Influences teaching effectiveness & long-term health behaviors
O Assess the learner’s teaching-learning style
Effective Teaching-Learning Strategies for
AdultsO Active involvementO Information is repeatedO Important and related to real-world
problemsO Relate activities to learner-focused
goalsO Answers questions before proceedingO Listens to and respects opinions of
learners
Peer SupportO Including support personsO Peer groupO Culturally appropriate materials
Constructing Health Education Plans
O Assessing what the learner needsO Objectives: What the learner will
achieveO State a main objectiveO Follow with specific supporting
objectivesO Include 3 domains: Cognitive
(intellectual); psychomotor (motor skills); affective (attitudes)
Constructing Health Education Plans (cont’d)
O Select content depending on: O The needs identified by target groupO Nurse’s determination of group’s
needsO Health care delivery system’s
constraintsO Select teaching strategiesO Select evaluation strategies
Assessment of Learning Needs
O Assessment of the LearnerO Emotional readinessO Experiential readinessO Barriers to learning
O Working with Groups of LearnersO Prior assessmentO Introductory time: What would you
like to learn?
Evaluation StrategiesO Outcome Evaluation: Evaluate
learnerO Short-term evaluation: Testing;
interviewsO Long-term evaluation: Over timeO Self-Efficacy: The learner’s belief
he/she is capable to perform skills
Health-Related Educational Materials
O Problems: O Low health literacyO Reading comprehensionO Understanding oral instructions
O Use easy-to-read materialsO Follow-up to determine
understanding
Addressing low literacyO http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/c
ancerlibrary/clear-and-simple/page1
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/etr.html