practical.astronomy.with.your.calculator 3ed duffett smith 0521356997

Upload: marcel-dragan

Post on 09-Apr-2018

220 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    1/198

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    2/198

    ! "

    # #

    $

    %

    &

    '(

    )

    0 1

    2

    3 4

    5 6

    1

    7

    8

    9

    @

    4A

    8

    B

    5

    4

    5

    C

    B

    D

    EF

    5

    G

    H

    FG

    I

    P

    Q

    R

    S

    8

    5 Q 0 Q T

    9

    U

    V

    S4

    5

    3 F

    8

    Q5

    9

    W

    X

    F 3 4

    0

    GI

    7

    SY

    @

    `

    V

    a5

    `

    b

    a5

    c

    W

    `

    d

    e

    f

    4 E E

    Qg

    Q

    h

    i

    Qg

    0

    I

    p

    0q

    X

    a

    E E 4

    q

    4

    W

    X

    F

    T

    V

    5

    r

    s

    G

    q

    4

    t u

    v

    w

    xy

    x v

    t

    v

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    3/198

    !

    "

    # $

    % &

    '

    "

    (

    #

    !

    )

    0

    "

    1

    2 !

    0

    "

    2

    ' 3 4

    5 6

    7 8

    9

    $

    @3

    8

    1

    A

    B

    C

    D

    (

    AC

    4

    E

    4 4

    F

    7

    3 44

    G

    4

    8

    & !

    5

    H

    1

    I

    D

    $P

    "

    1

    Q

    $

    R$

    S

    4

    T

    U

    1

    G

    V

    W

    &

    )

    X

    4

    Y

    `

    Y

    5

    )

    $ 4

    Ya

    8

    b

    $ & P 4

    Y a

    4

    5

    $

    )

    & $ 4

    Y a

    3

    c

    &

    B

    b

    $

    d (

    4

    Y a S

    1

    4

    Y

    a7

    1

    4

    Y

    a

    ec

    B

    b

    d

    1

    4

    Y

    a

    U

    (

    4

    Y a

    `

    #

    P R 4

    Y fa

    5

    )

    P &

    4

    Y Y 8

    1

    4

    Y Y

    3

    (

    4

    Y Y

    e

    R

    g

    '

    G

    h

    !

    i

    p

    1

    g

    1

    #

    $ q

    9

    r

    s

    t u

    v w x

    t

    y

    s

    tt

    y

    tu

    F

    j

    j k l

    m

    n

    l k

    o

    kj

    jl k

    o

    l k

    j

    z

    j

    { {

    |

    }

    ~

    j k

    o

    l

    o

    k

    }

    )

    ll

    jk

    o

    l

    o

    k

    j

    o

    x

    y

    s s

    t t

    y

    F

    j

    j

    k

    l l k

    o

    k

    j

    j l k

    o

    l

    o

    jj

    F

    z

    j

    { {

    )

    l

    l

    {

    {

    j

    j

    j l

    l k

    o

    l

    o

    o

    T

    4

    Y

    l

    4

    Y

    7 7

    2

    4

    Y

    T

    Y Y

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    4/198

    !

    "# $

    %

    &

    '

    (

    )

    0

    '

    1 #2

    (

    0

    3

    4 $

    56

    7 8

    9

    @A

    B

    C

    D

    E

    F

    B

    G

    H

    9

    I

    P

    Q

    R

    F

    B

    S

    R T

    UV

    B

    H

    W

    R

    G

    I

    X

    A

    Y

    E ` R

    G

    S

    a

    E b

    c Q

    R

    F

    B

    S

    d

    e

    S

    f

    S

    g

    R

    F

    B

    hE

    i p

    q

    R

    r

    s

    s t

    i

    u

    v

    BE

    F

    wh E

    ip

    q

    RG

    H

    x

    yA

    TE ` R

    G

    S

    v

    Eb

    S

    Q

    R

    i

    C

    B E

    F

    B

    h

    Ei

    p

    q

    D

    G

    S

    T

    S

    Q

    R B

    C

    R E

    F

    w

    r F

    w

    c

    R

    x

    v

    E

    F

    Eb

    S

    Q

    R

    F

    B h T

    W

    Q

    R R R

    A

    TE

    `

    DG

    S

    Eb

    Q

    T

    i Gp

    Ei

    c

    R

    H

    BE

    F H

    DT

    E

    F H

    S

    T

    F

    R

    v

    p

    B

    C Q

    T

    i G

    H

    9

    A

    TE ` R

    G

    S

    E b

    F

    R

    pB

    u

    Q

    T iG

    H c

    T

    g

    T iG

    H

    p

    a

    Ei R

    H

    B E

    F

    RT E

    F H

    A

    TE ` R

    S

    Eb

    Q

    R

    C

    T B

    C c

    pR

    c

    T

    P

    9

    I

    9

    A

    T E`

    D

    S

    E b

    P

    S

    T

    C

    T B`

    C

    c

    a

    pR

    9

    99

    a

    j

    D

    G

    RB

    S

    p

    D

    k

    P

    l

    x

    9

    IA

    TE ` R

    m

    H

    T E T

    U

    P

    S

    T

    n o

    P

    9

    9X

    A

    T E`

    RT

    E T

    n

    P

    c

    T

    P

    9

    9 s

    T B

    H F

    RG

    RB

    c

    pD

    k

    P

    I

    9

    y A

    TE

    `R

    G

    S

    E

    b

    P

    c

    T

    n

    P

    I

    9

    9

    x

    V

    Q

    D

    p

    R

    G

    H

    S

    a

    pR

    k

    P

    BE

    F

    S

    RG G

    D

    H

    S

    G

    z

    B

    C F

    hE B

    p

    { S

    $

    pR

    k

    |}

    P

    ~

    I I

    6

    8 8

    I y

    9

    TG

    T E T TG

    F

    EB

    S

    R

    I

    x

    9

    iB

    S

    TG

    B

    C

    T TG

    F

    EB

    c

    R

    H

    I

    9

    C

    S

    T TG

    F

    E B

    S

    R

    H

    X

    I

    n

    B B

    S

    T

    TG

    F

    E B

    S

    R

    H

    X

    I

    I

    9

    A

    T E`

    R G

    S

    E

    b

    q

    R

    S

    R R E

    F

    Rp

    B

    u F

    R bG

    R R

    B E

    F F

    Rb

    GR R

    p

    Ei

    c

    R

    H

    B E

    j H

    RT

    E

    F H X

    I I A

    TE

    ` R

    S

    E b

    q

    S

    R R E BE

    bR

    H 4 H H

    R

    j

    E

    F

    Rb

    R R

    H

    wE

    F

    B E b

    C

    R

    R

    4

    R

    H H

    R

    F

    E

    g

    T i

    G

    H

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    5/198

    !

    " # $ %

    &

    ' (

    )

    0

    12

    (

    '

    %

    (

    ' 3

    4

    5 6

    7

    8

    8

    '5

    9

    &

    '

    @

    5

    !

    5 5 '

    A

    @

    4

    (

    B

    5 1

    C

    '( '

    %

    4

    3 D 6

    E

    ('

    @

    F

    5

    7

    G

    H

    I

    P

    (

    6

    &

    (

    Q 4

    6

    R

    S #

    $

    %

    &

    (

    T

    U

    3

    ' V

    "

    6

    ) W

    X

    7

    Y

    ` a

    b

    S c

    dD

    ( (

    F# $

    e

    C

    '(

    "

    U 'V 5

    61

    &

    7

    f

    g h

    QR

    i

    &

    #

    pD

    (

    $ q

    (

    Q

    #

    6

    %

    '

    (

    #

    ' V

    "

    6 1

    &

    3

    r

    f I

    P (6

    &

    (

    Q

    s

    Q R

    i

    &

    ##

    6

    %

    (5

    U ' V 5

    $ )

    &8

    t

    I

    D

    (

    $

    (

    u

    @

    (

    Q

    (

    # v

    R

    # #

    6

    %

    R

    (U

    ' w5

    $

    1

    R 8

    7 x y

    (

    Q

    (U

    R

    # "

    P (6

    R

    (

    Q

    # $ % C

    (5

    U ' w5

    6

    )

    R

    y" $

    (

    R

    )

    5

    % #

    6

    %

    R

    (6

    (

    )

    (

    R

    3

    '

    )

    8 H

    4

    (

    '

    @

    5

    #

    Q

    )

    &

    (

    Q

    s)

    7 7

    &

    )

    &

    @

    (

    W

    @

    7

    8

    6

    )

    &

    `

    H

    P (

    C

    7`

    "

    $

    (

    R

    `

    j

    $

    (

    # W

    k

    7l y "

    U

    "

    6

    &

    #

    i

    (

    $

    (

    Q Q

    (

    m

    (

    '

    %

    4n

    W

    o

    $

    4

    " 9

    4

    `

    Y

    7 t

    (

    u #

    D

    Q

    (

    C

    @

    #

    $

    $

    s

    R

    '

    )

    6

    i

    (6

    (

    Q Q

    (

    m

    Y

    t

    r a

    5

    &

    @

    $

    (

    i

    4R

    # #$ %

    (

    j

    8

    (

    $ $

    R

    '

    @

    3

    $

    (

    b

    'D

    2 6

    j j

    8

    Q

    @

    6(

    i

    4

    &

    # # $%

    W

    (

    j

    l

    8

    )

    4

    $

    &

    # m

    &

    #

    R

    l

    z { |

    }

    ~

    f

    7

    $

    &

    )

    f8

    8 4

    (

    i i

    (

    "

    6

    4

    P

    f

    8

    `

    (

    u#

    D

    F

    (

    C

    4

    i

    )

    R&

    '

    4

    5P

    f

    `

    8 j

    ( UD

    Q

    (

    &

    @

    $

    R

    i

    6

    s

    R

    )

    5

    Q

    0

    f

    t

    8f

    (

    Q

    #

    P

    Q

    (

    R

    '

    @

    4

    P

    %

    R

    1

    ( '

    #

    (

    (

    '

    @

    P

    Q

    (

    $ C t

    8

    t

    P

    $

    b

    (

    %

    P

    5

    t 7

    W

    Q

    &

    @

    4

    t

    Y

    4

    5

    p P (

    b

    &

    t

    f

    H

    (

    $"

    @

    (

    R

    '

    z

    {

    4

    i

    Q

    ((

    $

    R

    x

    8

    (

    Q

    #

    D

    u

    (

    R

    @

    4

    #

    6

    %

    (5

    )

    (

    Q

    ( '

    x

    Hb

    %W

    @

    4

    (

    i i

    $ m

    &

    (

    5i

    )

    &

    W

    '1

    3

    "

    i

    Q

    '5

    )

    H

    9

    P

    $

    (

    C

    (

    i

    u

    (

    $

    R

    7

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    6/198

    !

    "

    #

    $

    %

    &

    '

    &

    (

    )

    $

    0 1

    2

    34 4

    %

    5

    $

    6

    78

    9

    @

    A

    B

    4 C

    0

    DD

    E

    F

    G

    H

    A

    I H I

    9 @

    0

    H

    A

    $

    !

    H

    0

    D D P

    Q

    G

    H

    A

    9

    R

    S

    9

    4 T4

    %

    $

    9 @

    0

    U

    V

    %

    S

    W

    3

    U

    D

    D Q

    X

    Y

    A A

    (

    H

    4

    S

    `

    (

    %

    S

    a

    7

    9 @

    A

    $

    a 0

    D b D

    Ec

    d

    9

    e H

    0

    D

    b

    f

    E

    b g h

    `

    9

    W

    R

    " 9

    h

    `

    0

    D

    fi

    E

    fp

    R4

    ( q

    '

    S

    (

    9h

    `

    R

    D

    f f

    r

    s

    t

    u

    v

    w

    v

    x y

    D

    f

    G

    H

    9 9

    4

    9

    (

    `

    R

    0

    D

    f

    Q

    E

    d

    W W

    S

    4

    %

    S

    H

    9 9

    4 7

    A

    9

    R

    S

    1 9

    4

    D b

    E E

    G

    H

    9 9

    4

    9

    5 (

    W

    e

    9

    S

    R

    9a

    7

    DE

    E

    G

    H

    A

    H

    9 @0

    H

    99 a D

    P Y

    H

    A

    9

    I R

    9 a

    T 4

    %

    W

    H

    9 @ 0

    H

    9 9

    47

    `

    (R

    %

    0 W

    1

    e

    `

    D Q

    Q

    G

    9 9

    4

    0 a

    #

    4

    %

    5

    W

    (R 8

    4

    9

    ( R

    9

    4

    0

    $

    A

    6

    B B

    D

    i

    i

    9 9

    4(

    1

    4

    e

    9 9

    47

    S

    D

    D W

    R

    A

    H

    D

    b

    Gj

    k

    W

    H

    9 @ l

    W 1m

    A

    H

    E

    f d

    W

    5

    W 0

    4

    %

    W

    4

    (H

    " n

    R

    A

    7H o

    D

    d

    W "

    5

    W

    S

    4

    %

    7

    9 W l W

    R

    A

    D E D

    Y

    I

    S

    h9

    4

    9

    e

    1"

    W

    d

    W

    H

    4

    (

    D

    z {

    |

    D

    } ~

    {

    m

    z

    D

    {

    P

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    7/198

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    8/198

    ! "

    #

    $

    #

    %

    &'

    (

    "

    )

    0 0#

    1

    2 3

    4

    55 6 7

    8 9 9

    56

    @

    A

    B

    91

    A

    3 5 7

    1A

    7

    C

    3

    1 9 A

    D 2

    E

    D

    F

    E

    2

    G

    5

    9 1

    5 H

    A

    3

    C I C

    A

    63

    P

    6 Q

    RC

    3F

    2

    S

    P

    3 H 5D

    9

    3

    A

    @

    91

    5

    T

    2

    U

    AV 1

    5

    P R

    5

    6

    E

    W

    4

    A

    Q

    C

    5

    X

    2

    6 Q

    C T

    H

    A Y

    2

    6

    9

    H

    1

    5

    6

    A T

    5

    6

    2

    X

    F D

    1

    2 3

    `E

    C

    H3 5 3

    a

    5

    C

    G

    1

    5

    V

    @

    A

    V

    H

    V

    2

    D

    9

    b

    D

    2

    c

    H

    F

    V

    H

    A

    3 5 3

    AV

    3

    d

    T

    e

    E

    W

    f

    5

    D

    g

    F

    3 5

    G

    1

    5

    W

    56

    U

    A

    W

    T

    2

    h C

    6

    i

    H

    V

    5Q

    b

    D

    G

    p A

    63

    q

    r

    1

    2

    R

    5

    9 V C

    5

    Q

    9A

    DF

    9

    2 H 2

    9 1 9 1 VA

    F

    i

    1 9 1

    5

    D

    AT

    H

    E

    5

    s

    p 9p

    5 3 2

    6 Q Q

    p

    t

    u

    D F

    c

    I

    D

    A

    6 D5 H

    9

    3

    v

    @

    V C

    i

    AV

    A

    F

    3

    T

    2

    91

    5

    T

    2

    9 C

    D3

    a

    9

    2

    hp

    6

    i

    2

    D D

    A

    F 6

    9A

    6

    E

    W

    A

    @

    I1 A

    3 5

    @

    P

    D

    9A

    V

    37

    1 p

    D

    1

    2

    V

    5

    53

    X

    56

    9 C P E

    G

    A

    52

    w

    1

    D

    P E

    D F

    c

    P

    G

    C A

    6

    P

    6 Q

    p

    i

    6

    A

    V

    p

    6x

    D

    A

    V V

    5D

    9

    b

    A

    63

    @

    A

    V

    G

    1 C

    3

    P

    6 Q

    9 1

    2

    9

    a

    6

    `

    5

    X

    3 2

    V

    W

    @

    A V I 1

    5

    R

    5

    V

    W

    H

    V

    5D

    p y

    5H

    V

    5Q

    p

    w

    9 C A

    6

    3

    A

    @

    2 3

    I V A

    6

    A T

    p

    D 2

    H

    1

    56

    A T

    56

    P

    W

    3

    p T

    H

    E

    5

    T

    5

    G

    A

    Q3

    2

    V

    5F

    3

    F

    E E

    W

    3F

    t

    D

    p

    56

    9

    @

    A V

    2

    E

    4

    F

    I 9

    5

    T

    A

    3

    9

    5s

    2

    D

    9

    d

    6

    i

    2

    T

    2

    G

    5

    F

    V

    2 3

    I V A

    6

    A T

    5

    V

    a

    4

    F

    9 9 1

    5

    W

    X 1 A

    F

    E

    Q6

    A 9

    4

    5

    F

    X

    5

    Q

    @

    A V

    6

    P R p

    i

    2

    I p A

    6

    P

    c

    H

    F

    A X

    53

    A V

    5

    s

    2

    T

    H5

    a

    G

    1

    5

    G

    C T

    5

    X

    A

    @

    X

    F 6

    V

    p

    5

    P

    6 Q

    3

    F6

    3

    5

    I

    D

    P

    6

    4

    5

    Q5

    9

    5

    u

    6 5 Q

    IA

    7

    pI

    1 p

    6

    A

    6 5

    Tp

    6 F

    9

    52

    6 Q

    G

    1

    5H

    A

    3

    pI

    p A

    6

    A

    @

    9 1

    5

    A A

    6

    G

    A

    7

    pI

    p

    6

    A

    6

    5

    u

    @

    I 1A

    @

    2

    Q

    5

    i

    V

    5 5

    1

    5

    y`

    A

    6 Q5

    Q

    p9

    p A

    6

    p

    6 D

    E

    F Q5

    Q

    T

    F D

    1T

    AV

    5

    T

    2

    9

    5

    p

    2

    cd

    6

    V

    5 3 Hv

    6

    X

    5

    IA

    c

    5

    9 9

    5

    V

    3

    2

    6 Q

    V

    5 5 3

    9

    3

    @

    VA

    T V

    52

    Q5

    V

    3

    A

    @

    9 1

    5

    @

    CV

    yI

    5Q

    u 9u A

    6

    2

    E XA

    D

    AV

    5D

    I

    5Q

    T

    6

    W

    5

    V VA

    V

    3

    j u

    k

    3

    6

    5

    7

    G

    1p

    V

    Q

    5

    Q

    p9 C A

    6 D

    A

    6

    9 C

    6 F

    5 3

    9 1

    5 3

    P T

    5H

    V

    v

    D

    5 3

    l

    m

    nA

    F 7

    pE

    co d

    6 Q

    @

    A

    F

    V

    65 7 3 5

    D

    9 CA

    63

    A

    6

    i

    56

    5

    V

    2

    Ep

    3 5Q D

    A AV

    Q

    p

    62

    9

    5

    9V

    2

    63

    @

    A 9p A

    63

    a

    6 F

    I P 9p A

    6

    a

    2

    4

    5

    V V

    2

    9p A

    6

    2

    6

    Q3 5

    E

    5 6

    A

    i

    V

    2 H

    1p

    D D

    A AV

    Q

    p

    6

    2

    9

    53

    a

    1

    2

    R

    5

    uT

    H

    VA

    R

    5

    Q

    G

    5 3

    F 6

    V

    35

    3

    5

    9

    2 6

    Q

    T A

    A

    6

    Vu

    5 3 5

    I

    2

    E

    D F

    E

    2

    9 u

    A

    6

    y

    3

    A I

    1

    2

    9

    G

    1

    5

    W

    7

    A V h

    H

    V

    A

    H5

    VE

    W

    5

    R

    5

    V

    W

    7

    1

    5

    V

    5

    d

    6

    I1

    5 7

    AV

    c

    Q

    a

    I 1

    5 3 5D

    I C

    A

    6

    A

    6H

    V

    5 D5 3 3

    z

    {

    A

    6 6

    A

    7 D

    A

    6

    I P

    p

    63

    2

    V

    p

    i

    A

    V

    A

    F 3

    T

    5

    9 1 A

    Q

    A

    @

    D

    2

    E

    DF

    E

    2

    9p

    6

    i

    H

    V

    5

    w

    5 33

    p A

    6

    2 3

    75

    EE

    2 3

    9

    52 H

    H

    VA

    s

    p T

    2

    9

    5

    A

    65

    A

    @

    H

    V

    5

    R C

    v

    F

    3 5

    Q

    p 9 p A

    63

    a

    1

    2

    R

    |

    9

    2

    h

    5 62

    D D

    A

    F6

    9 A

    @

    91

    5

    6

    5

    7

    } ~

    2 3

    9V

    A

    6

    AT u

    D

    2

    E

    3

    W

    y9

    5 7

    1

    5

    V

    52

    H H

    VA

    H

    Vp

    2

    9

    5

    a

    2

    6

    Q

    1

    2

    R

    5

    F

    HQ

    2

    I

    5

    Q

    I 1

    5

    T

    2

    I

    5 B

    u

    2

    E

    4

    W

    2

    y y

    F

    Tu

    6

    i

    9 1

    5 5 H

    A

    D

    1 }

    2

    6 F2

    V

    W

    2 3

    9 1

    53

    9

    2

    Y p

    6

    i

    H

    A p

    6

    9

    @

    A

    V

    D

    2

    E

    D F

    E

    2

    9 p A

    6 32

    6 Q

    1

    2

    R

    5D

    AV V

    5

    D

    9

    5

    Q

    Tp

    3

    9

    2

    h

    5 36

    Q w

    E

    2

    Vp u

    5Q

    v

    4

    3

    D

    F

    Vp 9 p

    5 37

    5

    V

    5

    R

    5

    V PR

    5

    4

    5 5 6

    P

    72

    V

    5

    A

    @

    9

    5

    T

    6

    G

    1

    5 35

    D

    A

    6Q

    5Q

    u

    k

    9 u

    A

    6

    n

    A

    F

    7

    u

    c

    E

    2

    E

    3

    A

    @

    6 Q

    I

    1

    5

    6

    5

    7

    E P

    V

    i

    5

    V

    @

    AP 9 P

    6 Q

    u

    H

    VA

    R

    5Q

    3 H

    p

    2

    E

    4

    p

    6 Q

    p

    6

    i

    A

    @

    G

    1

    5 3

    A

    @

    9

    D

    A

    R

    5

    V

    5

    Q

    d

    G

    p

    A

    6

    5

    P

    3

    d

    5

    V

    G

    A

    F3 5

    2

    TT

    A

    3

    9

    i

    VI

    5

    @

    F

    E 9

    v

    91 A

    3 5

    h

    p

    6Q

    H 5

    A

    H

    E

    5

    7

    1A

    1 R

    5

    G

    Ph

    56

    G

    1

    5

    9V

    A

    F

    f E

    5

    9A

    7

    V

    pI

    5

    G

    AT

    5

    C9 1 9 1

    5

    u V

    3

    F

    i i

    5 3

    G

    u A

    6

    3

    a

    D

    VC 9

    d

    D

    p

    3

    T

    3

    6 Q D

    A V V

    5D

    9 uA

    63

    a

    u

    H 2

    p

    D F

    c

    B

    G

    AV A A

    Q

    a

    7

    1 Ah C

    6Q

    E

    W

    3

    D

    2

    6 6

    5

    Q

    9 1

    5

    T

    2

    6 F3

    D

    V

    d

    H

    9A

    @

    9 1

    p

    3

    5

    Q

    p9

    pA

    6

    @

    A

    V

    5

    V V AV

    3

    VP

    9

    D

    a

    V}

    2

    VR

    5

    W

    a

    7

    1 A

    3

    F

    HH

    E

    p

    5Q

    9

    1

    5

    6

    AT

    A

    i

    V

    2

    T

    @

    A

    V 9 1

    3

    A

    c

    F

    9 C A

    6

    A

    @

    5 H

    E

    5

    V

    3 5

    F2

    Ip

    v6

    a

    2

    6 Q

    V

    6

    I 1 A

    6

    W

    u

    s

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    9/198

    !

    "

    #

    $

    % & '( )

    0

    1

    2

    # 3 4 4 '

    5 6 7

    4 8

    7

    9

    @

    ! A 3

    6

    B !

    C

    3 D E

    5 F

    A

    $

    E3 4 &

    7 5

    ' 3 E 3

    "

    !

    7

    )

    7

    & G

    H

    4

    I

    &

    P 3 8

    QR

    S ' &

    7

    4 B '

    !

    "

    ' ) T

    $

    ' 3

    U

    ' 3 V

    7

    T A

    E ! ! T 8 ' B

    U

    ' B V 8 T % ! ! T B V

    7

    &

    7

    W V )

    7 5

    X !

    Q

    Y

    '

    `

    a

    @

    ! ) b A

    7

    b '

    !

    c

    $ Y

    B

    V

    ! V

    7

    T

    Y

    7

    T A

    7

    Y

    T !

    @

    B A

    1

    3 V ! ' 3

    7

    ) V P ! '

    @

    ! ' 3 ( ! !

    Y

    '

    d

    7 6

    3 3

    7

    A

    7

    T A

    @

    ! ' 3

    $

    A B

    7

    ' e P

    7 6

    3W

    Q

    8 ( ( B A

    2

    S

    3 T V G

    f

    ! T 8 4

    1C

    7

    g

    $

    )

    7 Q

    c

    5

    h

    3

    7

    T

    i

    3

    3 )

    '

    p

    q

    r

    s

    t

    u

    v

    w

    x

    su

    y

    w

    y

    w

    r

    7

    T A ! 3 A 3

    p

    s

    w

    q

    r

    s

    u e

    7 6

    3 E

    7

    A3 3

    V3 T '

    $

    6

    3 ) ' 3 !

    "

    s

    y

    w

    u

    q

    r

    u

    w

    u

    r

    q

    u

    v

    u

    r

    y

    j

    w

    q

    k

    2

    7

    '

    @

    Bc c

    7

    ' l 3

    q

    r

    m

    q

    k

    7

    4 A n & '

    C

    3 A 3 B ' '!

    Q

    $

    & ' 3 c

    "

    o

    5

    &

    7

    T

    Y

    '

    7

    B

    7

    c '!

    A

    R

    3V

    !

    Q

    4 & P !4

    5

    $

    TV

    B

    @

    ! ' )

    1 1

    B & B A e

    @

    & 3

    V 3 ( ! !

    Y

    8 T V 3

    G &

    C

    b

    7

    B

    2

    & !

    Q

    ) T 4

    @

    ! ' B

    7 Q

    B

    "

    ) &

    5

    C

    $

    T

    1

    E

    7

    3 3

    &B

    @

    B B&

    B

    7

    g

    z

    "

    7

    T

    57

    ) V !

    2

    & !{

    )

    5

    #! !

    c3

    5@

    ! 3

    7

    A & P3

    E

    7

    T ) |

    }

    C

    &

    7

    T A E

    7

    A 3 E

    7

    4

    5

    P B

    C

    "

    )c

    R

    11

    3 &

    $

    !T '

    2

    7

    TD

    &

    z

    ~

    $

    E ! T

    G V&

    !T

    "

    !&

    7

    Y$

    T

    1

    !E

    ) V

    Q

    !

    R

    (c

    B

    6

    3V

    P 3

    C

    Q

    ! A )

    W

    V

    $

    !

    T !

    "

    l

    P

    3

    (

    ! !

    Y

    P B

    7

    c

    R

    c

    7

    V

    $

    ! T ' 8 T V 8 B D

    $

    &

    $

    ! T

    @

    B

    Q

    3

    C

    B ! BA

    ) T

    1

    7

    A ! ) ( c 3

    C

    Q

    8

    $

    !T

    6

    3

    $

    ! T !

    "

    ~

    d

    !4

    7

    C

    B

    Q

    '!

    4

    7

    c!

    S

    C

    R

    &3

    Q

    d

    "

    5

    ! )

    @

    $

    P

    &

    z

    ) 3

    5

    ! ) ! E

    C

    R

    V 3

    "

    !

    7

    V! 4 !

    5 5z

    )S

    $

    1

    & ( B

    $

    T&

    3 3 & 3 A

    $

    T

    7

    !

    7

    T

    $

    !T

    ( ! !

    Y

    V!

    V G! T 3 3 4 V

    $

    % c 3 A

    q

    r

    u

    y

    r

    t

    w

    u

    y

    p

    7

    S ( A

    I

    3 T

    $

    6

    3

    $

    l

    5

    #

    B

    # ~

    !

    @

    T

    $

    T

    1

    !c c 3

    1

    3

    7

    E(

    A

    1

    3

    ~

    3

    C

    V3

    E3

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    10/198

    !

    "

    #

    $%

    &

    '

    (%

    !

    )

    &

    #0

    "

    !

    1

    2 &

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8 9

    3

    2 8

    @

    3

    A

    @

    3

    2

    7

    B

    C

    & %

    3

    D

    %

    2 E

    1

    F

    G'

    # H

    $

    C G

    @I P

    2

    6

    Q'

    R

    8

    S

    4

    T U 3 A

    @

    3

    V

    @

    H

    3 5

    R

    @

    3

    D

    W

    3 X A

    Y

    1

    %

    H 0

    !

    IP

    ` % (

    3

    a

    Q S

    4 4

    b

    c

    %

    U

    4

    %

    G

    W

    H

    % %

    R

    '

    % %

    B

    T

    # d H

    3

    e

    f

    H

    G

    g

    P

    h

    3

    2

    @

    V

    H

    i

    1

    E W )

    p

    9

    R

    ) q

    G

    !

    1 r

    0#

    4

    !%

    H d d

    %`

    G

    s

    t 9

    G

    @

    3

    H

    8

    3

    2 2 u

    9 8

    G

    G '

    %

    T

    v

    4

    w

    x

    y

    U

    ` ` !

    G

    B

    H

    4

    G"

    '

    %

    1$

    ! %

    3

    @

    (%

    C

    H

    "

    `

    S

    E

    4

    ) q

    T

    E

    C

    #

    CS

    u

    R

    @

    3

    2 1

    #

    2

    3

    9 t

    5

    2 $

    R

    #

    f 1

    R

    !

    1

    8

    1

    T

    9

    C G

    H

    1

    H

    V

    j

    G

    k

    G

    @

    #

    l

    5

    H #

    R

    G S C

    u 9 8 9 B

    T

    B 1

    T G

    #

    u

    #

    G

    m

    3

    R

    #

    C

    R

    '

    # H

    n

    9

    %q o

    %

    5 '

    9

    '

    %

    T

    9 $

    S

    E`

    #

    C

    t

    y

    G

    1

    2

    # H

    %

    9

    #

    R

    3

    u

    2

    R

    3

    9

    3

    4

    3

    E

    R

    2

    C

    #

    B

    H

    k

    B

    w

    B1

    T

    R

    x

    y

    H

    2

    3 3 5

    !)

    '

    (

    3

    1

    T

    # s

    xB

    G

    x

    H#

    $

    R

    @

    3

    $

    G

    #

    B

    H

    R

    4

    T

    k

    !

    1

    EB

    4

    B)

    T G3 G '

    %

    H

    8% `

    R

    T

    $

    H

    G 3

    (

    3

    F

    H

    R

    2 $

    #

    B

    T

    1

    %

    H

    R

    S

    !

    12

    %

    4#

    l

    %

    4

    !

    R

    W

    H

    l

    4

    !

    1

    % %

    9

    #

    H

    G

    @

    # H

    U

    z

    {

    B

    |

    B 1

    T A

    2 }

    V

    S

    j %

    5

    VV

    % `

    k

    d

    %

    C

    E

    S T

    9

    ~

    w

    % `

    k

    U

    !

    5

    44

    8

    #

    u

    R

    @

    3

    H #

    $

    V

    w

    3

    H

    G3

    V

    U

    !

    H

    G

    %

    V

    # H

    ~

    B

    G

    # H

    B

    C

    G

    #

    %

    0

    C G '

    %

    H

    j

    x

    V V

    2

    d

    R

    3

    R

    !

    1

    2

    1

    3

    H

    GS

    !

    1

    8

    S T T

    s

    t

    0

    R

    @

    %

    C

    H

    8

    3

    `

    `E

    4

    E )

    p

    R

    `9

    %

    H

    CG

    '

    (%

    R

    U 3

    (%

    2 !

    H

    V

    @

    #H

    R

    #

    B

    G

    3

    9 9

    3

    #

    B

    3

    B

    W

    H

    G

    #

    u u

    `%

    G

    0

    %

    4

    5 C

    % !

    G'

    %

    G'

    3

    2

    @

    9

    #

    G

    H @

    1

    T

    9

    U 3T

    #

    G

    R

    T

    %

    U

    %

    G G

    %`

    ' C U

    H

    S

    E

    5

    1`

    5

    ) E

    G

    E

    '

    #

    C

    %

    G

    $

    # #

    $ 1 $x

    G

    H@

    1

    4

    9

    U3

    U T

    %

    G

    WE

    4

    B

    )

    4

    G

    %

    R

    '

    %

    G

    u

    C

    %

    G

    `

    S

    E

    5

    )

    C

    E

    G

    #

    C

    H H #

    C

    3

    k

    B

    H #

    3

    9

    R

    C

    u

    %

    C

    R

    9

    '

    %

    #

    `

    #

    C

    (% `

    H

    %

    H

    5

    `

    C

    !

    C

    o

    4

    % %

    X

    d

    ` %

    H H

    %

    9

    #

    C

    9 %

    u

    2 % %

    H

    2 2

    0# H

    f

    %

    8`

    %

    5G

    '

    H

    % E

    4

    E)

    4

    G

    `

    H

    8

    ' S

    E

    '

    W

    C

    4

    !8

    `

    z

    3

    2

    T S

    $

    #

    G 3

    9

    2

    C

    o

    3 5

    C

    o

    4

    %

    H H

    '

    ) |

    0

    |

    H c

    %

    c

    4

    %

    G

    s

    t

    C

    0

    G '

    %

    H

    1

    `%

    `

    R

    9

    R

    @

    3

    4

    o

    R

    '

    5

    )

    c

    % ` %

    G

    )` %

    H

    G '

    % `

    G' C

    G'

    %

    H

    % `%

    R

    %

    H H

    %

    C

    G

    S T U

    1

    G G

    )

    `

    4

    4

    !

    B

    nz

    %B

    4

    E)

    4

    G S

    W

    C

    H

    %

    H

    S

    % ` % $

    V

    T

    %

    k

    C

    1$

    U

    %2

    5

    H

    %

    V

    `

    G

    %

    4

    !

    9

    0

    `%

    H Hc 4

    % % %

    H

    S C '

    t

    E

    '

    ! ) E

    C

    H

    G

    `%

    x

    C G

    % %

    0

    t

    G

    % ` %

    H

    )

    T

    R

    H

    1

    T

    9

    U

    %

    1

    H

    %

    5

    )

    Tb 5

    !)

    '

    ( %

    V

    ` o `

    c 4

    %

    E B 1

    w

    G

    `

    k

    !

    1 B

    C

    `

    S G

    %

    V

    `

    o `$

    H

    G

    E` `

    !

    )

    G

    H

    G 5 '

    %E

    4

    E)

    4

    G

    #

    C

    H

    1

    R

    G S

    E

    w

    T

    !

    8

    S G

    @

    H

    1

    U

    H

    )%

    C G

    H

    (

    S C

    o

    #

    C G

    #

    %

    C

    0

    %

    k

    b '

    (

    %

    9

    C

    3

    R

    @# H

    #

    R

    '

    !

    C

    B

    T

    E)

    4

    G

    `

    Y '

    % ` %

    S

    H

    C

    ( %

    F

    S

    0

    %`

    C

    o

    5

    d

    El

    %

    G

    E

    4

    B)

    4

    G

    `

    H

    (

    S

    4

    U

    %

    C G '

    %

    $

    `

    l

    %

    "

    k

    0

    G '

    %

    d

    E %

    H H

    % % E

    C

    G

    S

    C

    ) %

    G

    9 j

    ` %

    H

    %

    H

    ` ) o

    '

    o )

    #0

    %

    k

    !

    ) ) o

    'G

    c

    %

    c4

    %

    G

    ) !t

    E

    S

    %

    C

    4

    ! o

    0

    E

    '

    %

    5

    `

    c

    )

    G G

    %

    B

    H

    G

    5 G ' S

    H c

    G '

    )

    o

    ' 5

    E )`

    H

    %!

    )E

    C

    Hd

    %

    C

    9

    (% ` !

    ) E

    '

    ` %

    C

    0

    H

    (% !

    )

    `

    H

    %

    4

    5

    )E

    '

    % `

    GS C

    4

    G

    % `

    E

    4

    E

    4

    G S C C G '

    % $`

    %

    d

    % )

    w

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    11/198

    ! "

    #

    $

    % & !

    '

    ( )

    0

    1

    & (

    '

    % 2 3 3

    4

    !

    '

    5

    $

    %

    $

    6

    78

    9

    $

    @ 3

    A

    B

    C 3

    '

    3 @ D EF

    ( C

    $

    ) @

    A

    $

    G

    D

    H

    $A

    5

    8

    # (

    '

    @ )

    3

    I

    (

    AP

    2 ( @ 2 (

    Q

    R

    S

    (

    I

    (

    A

    ) (

    T

    3 F ! ) 2 U 3@

    $

    @ V 3

    '

    W

    X

    S

    T

    U

    Y

    3

    A

    `

    a F

    5

    ( D

    A $

    ! %

    U 3@

    $

    @ ! 3

    '

    b

    X

    aU

    Y

    ! ) @2 ( D ( @ @ (

    A4

    H

    ) c( # d e

    $

    % 2 2

    $

    )! @ )

    $

    C

    I

    $

    '

    f

    g

    5

    E)

    $

    '

    C @ 2 (

    )

    $

    # ( % 3 #

    h

    F ( ! @

    G

    3 i %

    $

    F %

    8

    F

    $

    @ !

    p

    '

    #

    $

    H

    D ( #

    q

    C (

    8

    )

    r

    s

    '

    5

    ( ! @ 2 (

    A

    t

    u

    @! )

    r

    v

    #

    h

    3

    A

    @

    $

    '

    @

    w

    3

    A

    H

    3

    8

    @3

    A

    (

    $

    C @x ( y

    '

    ) @

    A8

    % @

    r

    3

    '4

    %

    $A

    (

    w

    8

    9

    H

    $

    '

    C @3

    5

    (@ @

    3

    '

    3

    P

    G

    3

    8

    A '

    (

    P

    %

    $

    9 %

    8

    F

    $

    @ 3

    A

    @ 2 3

    A

    3

    8

    5

    2 F

    H

    P

    2 (

    f

    2 (

    A

    ! @

    8

    (

    U

    3

    A

    a

    b

    )

    3

    @ 2

    q

    @

    H

    3 %

    $

    '

    #

    $

    ( %

    $

    F

    %

    8

    F

    $

    @

    ! 3

    '

    8

    ! %

    F

    H

    $

    '

    C

    $

    % %

    8

    A$

    @

    (

    F

    H

    $

    (

    )

    8

    A

    ( @ 2

    $

    @

    H

    8

    9

    "(

    @ & (

    `

    ( ( F

    b

    3 @ 2 ( (

    H

    D 3

    $A

    C

    $

    '

    C

    @

    2

    $

    c

    h A

    ( ) ) !

    '

    5

    $

    (

    H

    8

    ) c 3

    '

    % (

    A

    (

    4

    8

    F c ) !

    '

    8

    )@

    3

    '

    (C !

    5

    !@

    $h h

    (

    $A

    !

    '

    5

    r '

    @ 2 ( C " )

    h

    F

    $

    G

    b

    A$

    @ 2 (

    A

    @ 2

    $

    '

    $P

    2 3

    F ( ) @

    A

    V

    '

    5

    $

    ) @2 (

    %

    $

    F%

    8

    F

    $

    @ 3

    A A

    ( )

    h

    3

    '

    C )@

    3

    $

    D 3

    8 '

    %

    G

    $

    '

    C D

    $

    CF

    H

    #

    $

    C ( (

    G

    !

    '$

    F F

    G

    b

    D 3

    '

    @ 2 (

    F 3 3 3

    8

    @

    3

    Ah

    ( %!

    $

    F

    8 '

    %@ !

    3

    ' P

    2 ! % 2 #

    $

    H

    2 (

    F

    h

    H

    3

    8

    b

    3

    A

    (

    $

    #

    h

    F (

    b

    $

    (

    G

    5

    !

    I

    !

    '

    5

    X

    @2 (

    %3

    '

    ) @

    $

    '

    @

    j

    k

    l

    m

    n

    k

    j

    Y

    b

    $

    (

    H

    P

    2

    r

    o

    %2

    % 3

    ' I

    (

    A

    @ )

    $

    c

    r

    # ( 3

    A

    $

    '

    5

    9 ((

    hA

    () )

    (C

    $

    ) x 3

    8

    )

    b

    # !

    ' 8

    c (

    $'

    C ) (% 3

    '

    C ) ! @3

    C(

    % !#

    $

    F 2 3

    8A

    )

    b

    $

    (

    H

    P

    2

    V % & @

    $

    (

    $

    '

    H

    $ '

    5

    F (

    X

    h

    3 ! @ !

    I

    ( 3

    A '

    (

    5

    $

    @ !

    I

    (

    Y

    $

    ' A

    (

    @

    8 A '

    ) ! @ )

    I$

    F

    8

    ( !

    '

    c &

    (

    A

    $

    '

    5

    ( @ 3

    b

    $

    '

    C

    $

    (

    H

    P

    & !% 2 % 3

    'I

    () D

    (c

    P

    ( (

    '

    ( %@

    $

    '

    5

    8

    9

    $

    A

    $

    '

    C

    h

    3

    F

    qA

    % 3 3

    A

    C

    r'

    $

    @ ()

    X

    z 2 ! ) 9

    $

    )@

    #

    $

    H

    D (

    8

    ) ( C

    I

    E

    A

    G

    ( { ( %@

    !

    I

    EF

    G

    @ 3 3

    I

    (

    |

    % 3 # (

    @ 2 (

    q

    #

    D

    !

    5

    8

    ! @

    H

    3

    }

    ~

    !

    '

    c

    A

    3 C

    8

    % ( C 3

    '

    @

    $

    !

    '

    5

    !

    '

    (

    A

    ( @

    $

    '

    Y

    2

    (

    '

    G

    3

    5

    3 @ x

    A

    3

    8

    5

    2 @ 2 (

    P

    3

    A

    ( C (

    $

    #

    h

    9 ( )

    5

    V

    I

    (

    ' P

    ! @ 2 (

    $

    %

    2

    %

    $

    F%

    8

    9

    $

    @ !3

    '

    C3

    '

    3@ (

    $

    9

    $

    ( C !

    H

    3

    8A

    r

    5

    8 A

    () C 3

    '

    3@

    $

    5

    A

    ((

    P

    ! @2

    #

    r '

    ( !

    '

    @ (

    $

    )

    f

    C( %

    r

    #

    $

    F

    h

    F

    $

    % (&

    (

    A

    (

    $

    )3

    '

    3

    A

    @2

    V ) C ! )%

    A

    (

    h $

    '

    %

    G

    #

    q

    H

    )! #

    h

    F

    G

    D (

    @

    2

    $

    @

    @

    2 (

    '

    @

    (

    A

    '

    $

    F

    $

    %

    %

    8

    A $

    %

    G

    3

    }

    G

    3

    8

    A

    %

    $

    F

    %

    8

    F

    $

    @

    3

    A

    f

    2

    $

    @

    b

    @ x

    (

    '

    8

    #

    D (

    A

    3

    w

    r

    5

    8A

    (

    P

    ! @ 2

    P

    2 ! % 2 ! @

    P

    3

    A

    )

    b

    #

    $

    H

    '

    3@

    D (

    8

    V @(

    $

    5

    p p$

    @2

    $

    @3

    w

    @ 2 (

    % 3 #

    h

    @(

    A8

    ) C

    T

    A

    3

    I

    !C

    ( C @2

    $

    @

    H

    3

    8A

    %

    $

    9%

    8

    F

    $

    @

    p A

    2

    $

    E

    I

    (

    '

    3

    A

    (!

    5

    2 @ C

    !

    5

    ! @

    $

    % %

    A

    $

    %

    H

    b

    G

    3

    8

    2 3

    8

    FC

    r'

    C

    I

    (

    A

    H

    9!

    @c F ( (

    A A

    3

    A

    !

    '

    @ 2 (

    r'

    $

    F

    A

    ( )

    8

    @a

    P

    3

    A

    C2 (

    A

    (

    $

    D 3

    8

    c #! %

    A

    3

    hA

    3( ) ) 3

    A

    )

    f

    2 ((

    C (

    I

    ! % ( )

    b

    9 ! (

    $

    9 F % 3 #

    h

    8

    @ (

    A

    )

    b

    A

    (

    8

    ! (

    $

    D

    G

    # (

    $'

    ) 3

    w

    P

    2 ! 2 @ 2 (

    8

    ) (

    A

    %

    $'

    h A

    3

    5

    A

    $

    #@ 2 ( #

    $

    % 2 !

    '

    (

    $'

    H

    9

    $

    '

    5

    8

    q

    5

    ( )

    b

    )

    8

    % 2

    $

    ) a

    b

    P

    2 ! % 2

    $A

    ( )

    8

    ! @

    $

    D9

    (

    w

    3

    A

    2 (

    A

    ( 6

    q

    @ !

    I

    ( F

    H

    #

    $

    F

    F

    %

    $ h $

    % ! @

    H

    3

    $

    x 3 # ( % 3

    #

    h

    8

    @ (

    A

    )

    G

    @ ( #

    b

    8

    (

    w

    3

    8

    A

    D

    G

    @ ( 3

    A

    (

    h A

    ( (

    '

    f

    C ( % y #

    $

    F

    '8

    #

    D

    (

    A

    ) V

    '

    D !

    '

    $

    A

    G

    w

    3

    $

    '

    C @ 2 (

    A

    ( 3

    A

    ( 2

    $

    I

    (

    $ h

    A

    ( % ! V 3

    '

    3

    w

    3

    '

    F

    H

    ) !

    3

    A

    h

    (

    A

    2

    $ h

    )(

    I

    (

    '

    !

    5

    '

    ! %

    $'

    @

    r

    5

    8 A

    ( ) 3 # ( %

    $A

    ( #

    8

    @ D (

    8

    ( C

    f

    3(

    '

    8

    (@ 2

    $

    @

    A

    3

    8 '

    C !

    '

    5

    (

    A A

    3

    A

    ) C 3

    '

    3 @ D 3 # ( ) !

    5

    '

    !

    r

    %

    $'

    @

    0

    3 ) @

    r

    5

    8 A

    (!

    '

    f

    2 ( (

    $

    #

    h

    9 ( )

    !

    '

    @ 2

    r

    ) 3 3

    $ A

    ( ) 2

    3

    P '

    @ 3 C ( % ! #

    $

    9

    h

    9

    $

    % ( ) 3

    8

    ) 2 3

    8

    F C

    b

    x 3

    P

    (

    I

    (

    A

    b

    P

    3

    A

    @ 3 @ 2 (

    F # ! @

    3

    G

    3

    8 A

    %

    $

    9%

    8

    F

    $

    @3

    A

    X

    3

    w

    @(

    '

    (!

    5

    2 @

    3

    A

    @(

    '

    C !

    5

    ! @ )

    Y

    $ '

    C

    A

    3

    8 '

    C

    3

    '

    F

    G

    @ 2 (

    '

    g

    9

    A

    (

    8

    F @

    $

    I r'

    5

    $

    @ 2 (

    A

    ( C @3

    5

    (@ x (

    A

    G

    3

    8 A P Ar

    f

    r'

    5

    #

    $

    @(

    $

    9

    b

    %

    $

    F %

    8

    F

    $

    @3

    A$

    '

    CD 3 3

    b

    2 3

    P

    C3

    G

    3

    8

    hA

    3 % ( ( C

    ( @

    8

    @

    $

    (

    $ $

    '

    (

    $

    #

    h

    9 ( @ 2 (

    hA

    3 DF

    (#

    3

    r '

    C !

    '

    5

    @ 2 (

    @

    V

    # ( 3

    }

    # 3 3

    ' A

    ! ( z

    8A

    '

    @3

    @ 2 ( !

    '

    C(

    $'

    C 93 3

    8h

    R

    #3 3

    '

    (

    b

    b

    0

    H

    3

    $A

    (

    C

    rA

    (

    7

    @ (

    C

    @ 3

    ) ( %@

    ! 3

    '

    P

    2 (

    A

    (

    H

    3

    8 P

    ! F 9 !

    '

    C

    $h

    $A

    $

    5

    A q

    h

    2

    3

    A

    )

    3 3

    (

    h

    F

    $' q

    @ ! 3

    '

    $'

    C

    $

    F !

    @

    3

    }

    !

    '

    ) @

    A 8

    %@

    r

    3

    '

    B

    @3

    5

    (@ &

    (

    A P

    V@ 2

    $P

    pA

    ( C (

    $

    #

    h

    9 (

    3

    8 '

    ( (C

    '

    3 @ (

    I

    (

    'A

    (

    $

    C @ x (

    h $A

    $

    5

    A$ h

    2 3

    w

    (

    h

    9

    $

    '

    $

    @

    p

    '

    @3 % g

    A A

    H

    3 @ @ 2 (

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    12/198

    ! " #

    $

    %

    # "

    &

    '

    (

    )

    0

    1

    ( " (

    2

    ! "

    3

    4

    5

    6 7

    "

    8

    4

    9

    4

    @

    & &

    7

    4 4

    A

    @

    B

    " ( "

    C

    D

    '

    (

    3

    E F 4 G

    "

    H

    I

    67

    "

    8

    4

    (

    '

    & " & & 4 P

    @

    &

    4

    I

    &

    '

    I

    4

    Q

    8

    4

    C

    R

    4 S

    '

    F P

    %

    # " 4

    %

    T 4

    I

    U

    V

    G

    W

    '

    % X

    3

    7

    &

    '3

    4 4

    X

    R

    4 F 4 &

    7

    4

    W

    ! "

    P

    4 G

    F

    Y

    P

    2

    '

    %

    T

    7

    '

    %

    #

    I

    F

    4 "

    I

    '

    ( 4

    '

    S &

    7

    4

    3

    & " (

    I

    " F

    I

    & 4

    A

    &

    3 '

    ` a

    3

    @

    7

    4 F

    $ " #

    " T &

    F

    Y (

    '

    P

    2

    T

    %

    !

    7

    " T &

    7

    4 4

    A

    ! 4# #

    4 ( & b

    c

    d

    e

    f g

    h i

    p

    q r

    s

    t

    W

    u

    v

    w

    v

    x

    F

    4 4 (

    y

    " P E

    Q I

    4(

    8

    4 F

    3

    D

    &

    W

    F4

    3

    T

    5

    3

    W

    '

    % X

    '

    F 9&

    7

    F

    '

    %

    7

    4$

    ( T&

    !&

    D

    '

    (

    5

    X

    F & 4

    I

    '

    X

    ( & T (

    %

    PE

    4F

    " (

    I

    &

    7

    4F

    4

    %

    #

    C

    D

    ( " ( YF

    I

    4F

    B

    W

    G "

    3

    7

    '

    (

    7

    T

    X

    #

    B7

    4#

    @ 2

    '%

    &

    '

    9

    4 4

    @

    & F" !

    9

    '

    G

    X

    7

    4F

    4

    W

    '%

    F4

    5

    (

    I

    & Y !

    7

    4 !9

    ' %

    F

    ! "#

    !

    %

    #" &

    '

    ( T

    # "

    & 4 F

    6

    S

    W

    ' %

    "

    4

    (

    '

    & P

    4

    &

    7

    '

    I

    `

    f

    ! " #

    W

    '

    %

    P

    "

    W

    G

    D

    (

    I

    `

    & P

    @

    '3

    T E

    B

    4

    &

    '

    4& &

    7

    4F

    7

    & " ( T

    X

    4F

    w"

    (

    2

    ! " # !

    %

    B

    "&

    '

    (

    3

    F4

    %

    F4

    2

    '

    %

    &

    '

    &

    %

    F( E " !

    9"

    (

    I

    G

    '

    F &

    7

    E 4&

    X

    4 4 (

    I

    4F

    4 ( & T 4 ! &

    '

    ( T

    j

    k

    YF

    4

    A

    " P

    @

    #4

    5

    `

    l

    ( T & F

    %

    ! & Y (

    m

    '

    G

    n

    P

    ' '

    ( F

    `

    3

    4

    o I

    `

    F4 ! & T

    W

    '

    %

    &

    '

    3

    &

    `

    Y ( w " 9 4 &

    7

    4 $ "#

    !

    %

    #" &

    '

    ( T

    `

    ( &

    7

    " &

    3

    4 ! &

    `

    '

    ( (

    I

    7

    4 ( &

    %

    F

    ( E !9

    &

    '

    ! " F

    Y

    (

    X

    &

    7

    &

    7

    4

    (

    4

    A

    &

    (

    3

    & F

    %

    !

    &

    D

    '

    (

    (

    %

    P

    E 4

    F z

    '% {

    # # G

    |

    (

    I

    C

    %

    3

    4 G

    %

    #

    &

    '

    }

    4

    4

    @

    3

    4

    8

    4

    F

    "

    B

    ~

    #

    @

    ~ '

    G

    @

    "

    @

    4

    F

    7

    " (

    I

    W

    3

    E

    ' '

    9

    P F

    9

    3

    7

    3

    E

    ' '

    9 T (

    '

    & ( &4

    (

    I

    4

    I

    &

    '

    F4

    @

    # " ! 4&

    7

    4

    e

    r hi r

    h( 4

    ! " (

    7

    "F

    I

    #

    W

    !

    '

    P

    @

    4 & 4

    X

    &

    7

    &

    7

    4

    3'

    @

    7

    3

    & !"

    & 4

    I

    !

    '

    P

    @

    %

    & 4F

    3%

    3

    4

    I D

    (&

    7

    4 4F

    B

    C

    "T 9

    '

    G !

    '

    P

    @

    B

    (&

    7

    "& F

    4 G4 F 4 (

    ! 4

    '

    F 9

    V

    ' X

    4

    8

    4F

    5

    &

    7

    4"

    ! !

    %

    F!

    W

    '

    G&

    7

    4

    P 4 &

    R

    '

    I

    T

    8

    4(

    7

    4F

    4

    D

    ' '

    I

    4 (

    '%

    7

    &

    '

    P 4 4& P

    '

    3

    &!

    F!

    %

    P

    3

    & ( !4

    3

    5

    3

    `

    P

    @

    #

    ! &

    2

    E 4 ( P

    '

    F4

    `

    P

    @

    '

    F& " ( & &

    R

    "

    (

    @

    F

    `

    3

    `

    '

    (

    `

    f

    (

    C

    7

    4

    C

    R I

    4 !

    `

    P

    #

    @

    B

    ! 4

    6

    G

    W

    '%

    '

    X

    ( "

    7

    '

    P

    4

    '

    @

    %

    & 4

    F

    W

    '

    %

    ! " ( P "

    9

    4

    %

    3

    4

    '

    G

    C

    7

    3

    E

    ' '

    9 &

    ' X

    F &

    4

    @

    F Y

    "

    P

    3

    &

    '

    @

    F

    '

    I

    %

    ! 4 & 4

    #

    4

    8

    T

    '

    (

    I

    T

    @

    B

    "

    W

    3 '

    G &

    7

    4 4

    8'

    8

    D

    (

    '

    #" F

    W

    3

    C

    4 P

    X

    &

    7

    "(

    " ! !

    %

    F"

    W

    E 4 & & 4 F &

    7

    "( &

    7

    4F

    4 T

    '

    #

    %

    &

    '

    (

    '

    G &

    7

    4

    3

    ! F 4 4 (

    %

    & &

    R

    ' 3

    4

    '

    G

    %

    3

    %

    T &

    X

    &

    7

    3

    P

    @

    B

    4

    @

    '

    !9 4 & !

    " #!

    %

    # "&

    '

    F

    3

    !"

    (

    `

    (

    I

    F4

    &

    3

    &

    D

    3

    G !

    C

    D

    '

    (

    D

    (

    3

    D

    P

    B

    4 ( " E

    #

    4 &

    ' X '

    F 9

    '%

    & &

    7

    4

    3

    &"

    F

    3

    G

    '

    F

    '%

    F

    3

    4#

    8

    4

    3

    (

    I

    &

    '

    @

    F4

    I

    !

    C

    3

    & F

    '

    (

    '

    P

    " #

    4

    8

    4 ( &

    3X

    &

    7

    "

    #

    P

    ' 3

    & P" ! " #

    @

    F 4!

    3 '

    (

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    13/198

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    14/198

    ! "

    #

    #

    $ %

    &

    '

    %

    '

    (

    )

    0

    1

    (

    %

    2

    3

    4

    &

    # 5

    6

    7

    7

    ( "

    8

    9

    #

    2

    ( @

    (

    "" A

    9

    %

    % "

    &

    B

    2

    %

    @

    B

    C

    &

    @

    %

    &

    %

    D

    A

    &

    &

    E

    F

    G

    H (

    &

    A

    I

    %

    P

    Q

    &

    R

    &

    S

    @

    T T

    H

    &

    %

    &

    %

    &

    %

    &

    S

    T

    '

    &

    S

    5 #5

    '

    %

    &

    S

    7 " (

    C

    U

    F

    7

    G

    &

    %

    S

    T

    &

    #

    S

    V

    &

    2

    %

    5

    W

    &

    # @

    X

    Y

    % "

    `

    (

    '

    #

    " (

    %

    &

    &

    #

    &

    "

    7

    a

    (

    &

    %

    b

    B

    &

    # % @

    c

    d

    e

    b

    C

    % f A

    '

    &

    C

    g

    )

    h

    7 i

    p

    #

    q

    %

    T

    #

    &

    % f A

    &

    &

    X

    r @

    T T

    '

    2

    S

    Q

    s

    % #

    #

    t u ( v

    &

    i " (

    C

    C

    i @

    i

    % A

    w

    x

    &

    #

    &

    "

    " y

    TT

    5

    2

    A

    9

    B

    T

    #

    &

    &

    '

    `

    (

    &

    %

    #

    %

    T

    (

    T

    #

    C

    &

    "

    2

    %

    ' &

    %

    &

    B

    2

    '

    S

    % %

    2

    2

    (

    BT

    &

    B

    S

    u

    '

    W

    7 "

    2

    #

    T

    #

    &

    # (

    &

    C

    &

    "

    &

    (

    %

    S

    % (

    B

    &

    #

    '

    &

    %

    &

    T

    5

    C

    (

    T

    S

    `

    (

    S

    C

    #

    %

    &

    &

    C

    u

    @

    #

    T

    #

    &

    #(

    W

    1

    W

    "

    &

    u (

    %

    e ( V # #

    %

    T

    7 i #

    A

    !

    %

    &

    #

    S

    "

    j k

    % l

    m

    %

    A

    n

    #

    d

    F

    "

    m h

    %

    mj

    &

    # i

    2

    oV

    2

    &

    B

    7 % @

    2

    ( "

    %

    1

    7

    "

    C

    T

    #

    '

    5

    2

    2

    %

    2

    C

    i

    2

    z

    {

    |

    }

    ~

    z

    |

    ~

    {

    z

    |

    z z

    ~

    {

    }

    {

    }

    {~

    |

    {

    z

    {

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    15/198

    ! "

    #

    $ $ %

    #

    &

    !

    $

    '

    (

    )0 0

    1

    2

    $

    3

    #

    2 4

    $ %

    '

    )5

    &

    6

    7

    2

    $

    5)

    8

    #

    9

    6

    @

    2

    $ (

    )

    0

    $ $

    )

    $

    A

    "

    ) &

    $

    #

    B )

    8

    "

    ) 5

    C

    )

    "

    8

    2

    1

    !

    (

    '

    ) 5&

    #

    2

    $

    0

    #

    D

    #

    8

    5 )

    A

    $

    E

    )

    $ $

    )

    F

    C

    GH I

    P

    Q

    R

    Q Q'

    )

    S

    C $

    0 !

    8 $

    2 0

    #

    T

    U

    #

    V W

    #

    $ C

    #

    $

    )

    1

    2

    '

    $ X 1

    2

    Y

    `

    a b

    #

    &

    #

    &

    $

    c

    d e

    f g

    h i p

    c

    q

    r&

    $ %

    s

    t u

    &) 5

    ( v $ C

    '

    (

    #

    2

    6

    w

    $ v

    2

    x

    y

    (

    " "

    $ $

    )

    F

    2 2

    V

    #

    0

    ( $ b

    #

    C

    )

    0

    $

    )

    2

    '

    )

    '

    V

    GI

    '

    )5

    C

    D

    5 5 )

    A

    $

    2

    $

    )

    V

    "

    1 8

    '

    4 4

    C

    B

    #

    D8

    5 !

    1 $ W C V

    "

    #

    $ 1 C

    5

    C $

    !

    )

    V

    ) )

    $(

    Q

    R

    Q Q'

    )5

    &5

    )

    ( $

    S

    ) &

    $

    ' #

    &0

    )

    2 05

    "

    18

    '

    Q

    R

    '

    )5

    C

    A

    )

    W$

    I

    5)

    C $

    &)

    C

    2 &"

    1 8

    '

    )

    D

    2

    D C

    '

    &

    V V

    &

    1

    ! !

    #

    2

    $

    2

    $

    !

    #

    &"

    t

    1

    ' #

    2

    !

    8

    )

    8

    S

    A

    $

    #

    & &

    S

    C $

    ! "

    18

    '

    )

    D

    4)

    $

    ' #

    &

    '

    D

    2

    $

    )

    4

    C

    1 1

    &)

    C

    )!

    )

    '

    )2

    )

    $ $

    !

    $ $ 1 $

    !)

    $ $ C

    4

    $

    S

    )

    '

    t $

    #

    2 4

    $

    02

    D

    2

    $

    #

    2

    $

    )

    $ $

    0 2

    C

    0

    1 $

    #

    D

    S

    )&

    )

    D

    G

    I

    '

    )

    S

    C (

    "

    '

    S

    )

    h

    d

    i

    c

    t (

    G

    j j

    '

    )

    S

    &

    A

    $ k $

    )

    '

    )5

    v

    2 4

    )

    '

    '

    '

    $ lm 1

    )5 "

    2

    D$

    S n

    )2

    1

    !

    6

    7

    &

    ' #

    D

    #

    Cv

    8

    5

    R

    x o

    2 )

    D

    )

    4

    A

    #

    &

    0

    vD

    #

    5) )

    &

    G

    j

    I

    Q

    I'

    S

    C

    v

    2

    #

    $

    A

    )

    (

    )

    #

    )

    kv

    )

    $

    #

    2

    $ $ $

    #

    0

    )

    8

    S

    )

    (

    GI Q

    R

    QQ

    '

    )

    S

    C

    2

    ' '

    A

    )

    ( $

    5&

    V

    &

    8 C C $

    ) 2 2

    '

    ) 5

    a

    #

    Cv

    C $

    h

    g

    h

    z

    )

    2

    '

    6{ $

    "

    F '

    D

    5"

    8 W

    ! ) 2 5

    0 2

    $ 1

    #

    C

    1

    2

    V

    #

    8

    A

    5

    I | Q

    A

    $

    "

    )

    C

    )

    4

    )

    v

    2 2

    )

    0

    #

    )

    8

    ' #

    C

    0

    )

    2 0

    S

    $

    " 2

    $ C

    )

    C t

    2

    & )

    2

    '

    $

    '

    )

    $

    x

    }

    ~

    45

    $

    2

    #

    !

    D

    '

    2

    $ C C $

    ! 5)

    #

    C

    #

    2 4

    $

    '

    ) 5

    C

    o

    0

    V

    I

    V

    %

    $

    o

    0

    $ R

    $ %

    I|

    #

    2 0

    1 C

    #

    D

    C

    )

    C $ t

    #

    2 4

    $

    0

    6

    7

    D6 8

    )2

    '

    $

    #

    0

    )

    8

    5 )&

    )

    0

    F

    6

    w

    2

    $ 8

    #

    2

    A

    )

    2

    '

    5

    !

    6C C 6

    2 4

    1 $ $

    '

    5

    CD

    5

    ( 1

    02

    $1

    6

    &

    2

    6

    &

    (

    '

    0

    )

    8

    2

    '

    )

    $

    5)

    C

    2

    ' #

    2 4

    #

    2

    $

    " 2

    1

    4

    $ C

    `

    4

    A

    |

    A

    $

    T

    y

    )2

    8

    S

    8

    ) 5 )

    C

    #

    ($

    S

    )

    ' #

    D

    #

    &

    #

    5

    R

    #

    && 5

    &

    $

    !

    A

    0

    )

    8 8

    '

    $

    c

    g

    h

    p

    A

    #

    &

    $

    2

    #

    2 4 2 )

    8

    1

    &

    $

    '

    )

    S

    0 0

    ' #

    2 4

    $ v

    V R

    0

    #

    D

    6 8

    S

    ) &0 2

    V

    )

    #

    2

    `

    R

    G

    I y G

    Rj

    '

    )

    S

    C

    A

    B

    $

    )

    V V

    )

    D

    )

    4

    8

    2 4

    $( $

    0

    #

    D

    #

    8

    5 )

    #

    C

    j

    G

    j

    I Q Q I'

    )5

    &

    A

    )

    D

    4

    '

    )

    k

    v

    !

    $

    #

    2

    #

    2

    '

    '

    $ $

    8

    2 4

    $(

    $ $

    #

    0)

    8

    5)

    Q

    )

    C $

    '

    )

    5

    $

    )

    $ $

    "

    #

    0

    C 1

    T !

    t D

    )

    8 (

    )

    C V C

    )

    C 6 $ C

    1

    2 ) 2

    '

    #

    2

    #

    $

    5

    X 1

    2

    '

    5

    )

    (

    #

    k

    '

    A

    v 9 1 C 1 8 8

    5

    $ 6 C V X 1

    2

    '

    ) 5 )

    ( $

    $ ( 1 $

    2

    $

    '

    ) 5 )

    V $

    6 C $

    2 "

    t

    2

    ( $

    0

    Q

    C $

    l

    !

    m

    0

    #

    &

    '

    (

    #

    2

    #

    $

    v

    2

    C

    d

    h

    c

    i

    d

    h p

    z

    p

    c

    g

    h

    d

    z

    z

    c

    e

    g

    z

    7

    h

    h

    t 1

    0

    )2

    (

    #

    2

    '

    $

    '

    )

    (

    &

    $X 1

    2

    '

    ) 5 5

    $

    !

    $

    '

    )

    '

    $

    )&

    4

    #

    D

    2

    A

    (t k

    )!

    A

    #

    2

    $

    c

    i

    A

    Q

    52

    (

    &

    D

    )

    8 $

    '

    C

    '

    D

    #

    C

    S

    D

    )

    #

    1

    &

    !

    )

    $

    !)

    $

    #

    T

    #

    )2

    &

    D $

    T 2

    $1

    vC

    &

    8

    '

    &0

    #

    )

    !

    $

    '

    '

    Dv C

    '

    v

    2

    |

    "

    #

    0

    (

    #

    &

    $

    )

    '

    v

    2

    g

    p

    c

    g g

    h

    e

    g

    h

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    16/198

    !

    " # $

    %

    &

    '

    %

    &

    (

    )

    !

    0

    1

    2

    # 3 4

    5! 6 6

    7

    8 !5

    9 1

    @

    " A

    %

    8

    B

    5

    8 C

    4

    5

    &

    !

    "

    '

    !

    0

    8

    " #

    ! 5

    D

    %

    !

    D

    &

    E

    3

    5

    4

    F G

    H

    I

    !

    " #

    4

    " $

    !5

    # 9

    P

    Q

    D

    F

    !

    R

    8

    9

    5 8

    S

    8!

    D

    8

    # T

    E

    8

    4

    3D

    %

    8 5 8

    9 T

    6

    D

    4

    3 #

    &

    )& # & "

    C

    4 "

    8

    "

    T

    F

    U

    8 5

    U

    7

    !

    "

    4 D

    %

    8 5

    "

    T

    F

    U

    8 5

    D

    %

    8

    1

    V

    " D

    8 C 8 5 S ! 5

    W

    X

    8

    & "

    C

    D

    5 8 !

    D

    8

    #

    9

    8 S !

    5

    !

    D

    8 6

    7

    Y

    5

    4

    F

    W `

    8 5 8

    F

    ! a

    " #

    8 5

    b

    c

    ' d

    6

    '

    T

    6 !

    D 4

    5

    #

    a

    9

    S 6

    d

    7

    9 D

    %

    8

    58

    9 T

    6

    D 4

    e

    9

    f '

    %

    !

    #

    1

    g

    ) & 9

    & 4 "

    !E

    !E

    D

    5

    1

    h

    "

    C

    4

    Y

    "

    T

    F

    U

    8 5 (

    U

    8

    3

    4

    5 8!

    " #

    !

    Y

    D

    8 5!

    #

    i

    &

    F

    !

    0

    S

    4 & " D

    p

    q

    %

    8

    "T

    F

    U

    8 5

    9

    !S S 8

    !

    r "

    C

    U

    8

    3 4

    5 8

    D

    %

    8

    #

    8'

    &

    F

    ! 6S

    4 &" D

    '

    4 "

    E

    D& D T

    D

    8

    s

    %

    8

    & " D

    8C

    85

    S!

    t

    u

    D

    %

    8

    " T

    F

    U

    8 5 E!

    v

    W

    8 5

    D

    %

    8

    #

    8'

    &

    F d6 S

    4&

    "D

    '

    4 " 9D

    &D

    T D

    8

    D

    %

    8

    3

    5d '

    D &4

    "

    d

    0

    S

    d5

    D w q

    %

    8

    58

    F!

    & "#

    8 5 F!

    7

    U

    8

    3 4 T"

    #

    e

    5

    4

    F

    D

    %

    8 6!

    D A

    8 5

    U

    7

    F

    T

    6

    D &

    S 6

    7

    & "

    C

    & D U

    7

    D

    %

    8

    # & ) 1 x 9

    4

    5

    y

    a

    8

    D

    %

    8

    "T

    F

    U

    85

    7

    4T

    %

    !

    )

    8

    T 9 D # ) & #

    8

    # U

    !

    " #

    5

    4T " #

    &"

    C

    D

    %

    85

    8E

    T

    6

    D D 4 D

    %

    8

    "

    8!

    5 8 E

    D & " D

    8C

    85

    )

    !6

    T

    8

    w 4

    5 8!

    F

    S

    6 8

    G G

    H

    G

    H

    q

    %

    8

    a

    " D

    8C

    8 5S !

    5

    D &

    EG

    H

    !

    "

    #

    D

    %

    8

    3

    5!

    '

    D &

    4 "

    ! 6S !

    5

    D

    &

    9

    G

    H

    T

    6

    D &

    S6

    7

    & "

    C

    D

    %

    & 9

    U

    C

    1 )

    8 E

    H

    G

    9 4 D

    %

    !

    D D

    %

    85

    8 F!

    & " #

    8 5

    a

    9

    H

    j

    k

    E

    %

    !6 6

    &

    6 6

    T

    E

    D

    5!

    D

    8

    D

    %

    8F 8

    D

    %

    4# U

    '

    ! 6

    '

    T

    6 !

    D & "

    C

    D

    %

    8

    #

    !

    D

    8

    4 3

    l

    !E

    D

    85 m

    T " # n

    &

    "

    D

    %

    88

    ! 5

    o

    z

    {

    |

    }

    ~

    z

    {

    {

    {

    {

    }

    z

    }

    z

    z

    z

    }

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    17/198

    !

    " #

    $

    % &

    '

    $

    (

    ) 0

    &

    1 2 )

    &

    ) # ) 3

    &

    12

    4

    $

    5 6

    7

    8

    9

    @

    A B@

    C BD

    E

    F G

    H

    I P Q RB

    S

    RB

    S

    R T

    S

    B

    E

    Q U

    H

    D

    V

    WX

    @

    Y Y

    `

    E

    U

    a

    HU

    W

    E

    b

    c

    @

    d A

    e

    Y FI

    f

    `

    B CD

    g

    @

    E

    b c

    CY B F

    d

    h

    E

    UB

    h

    B

    i

    Q RT

    p

    BF

    q

    B

    E

    Y

    r

    s

    YD

    b

    B

    t t u b

    UG

    D

    c

    Ud

    F D

    E

    B

    v

    Q

    @w x U

    g

    @

    y

    BD

    b

    U

    d

    FD

    G

    H

    T B F

    E

    V

    T

    g

    B

    S

    Y

    H

    E E

    G Y

    PQ

    `

    HQ

    E E

    W

    Y Y

    H

    Y

    P

    c

    !

    E

    b

    B

    @

    q

    D

    E

    G

    f

    E

    Y x F YQ U

    T

    Y

    BF

    y

    Q

    D PB

    DY Y

    PB

    y b

    Y F x

    d

    S

    g

    BF B

    y j

    D

    y

    d

    E

    BD Q

    E

    D Q

    P

    k

    l

    Q

    mY

    D

    E

    Y R B

    S

    R

    d

    n

    B

    E

    Q

    G

    HD

    W

    Y D

    b

    B

    S S

    B

    `

    U

    x

    E

    Q

    y f

    UU

    d

    F x

    d

    o

    U

    c

    D

    ``

    BC

    G

    H

    B

    H

    T

    !

    F

    `

    Q D

    c

    x FY

    D

    DY

    `

    BD

    B@

    d

    B

    !

    z

    B

    d

    D Y

    E

    c c

    B@

    `

    B

    b

    B

    t f

    `

    BC

    D B YY

    S

    B

    h

    D Y

    q

    D Q

    H

    u

    YB

    HT

    B

    {

    C

    |

    }

    ~

    b g

    D Q D

    g t t

    d

    D

    E

    F B

    E

    c

    `

    g

    @

    g

    d

    F

    c

    g

    H

    `

    QH

    E

    Y BC

    HT A Y F

    f

    UP

    E

    b c

    `

    B

    E

    c g

    D

    y bc

    @B

    D

    g

    A

    x

    t c

    A

    B

    E

    yc

    F

    U

    uc

    Y

    q

    B D

    f

    G

    S S

    G

    }

    U Y YP

    U H

    E

    b

    d

    k

    U

    V

    d

    y

    @U

    yg

    H

    ut

    d

    `

    Q @

    V

    E

    bc

    UH

    b g

    @

    d

    c

    D

    y g

    U

    @B

    q

    `

    b c

    B

    h

    x F G

    h

    B

    E

    YH

    dP

    YU

    f q

    BC

    D B

    u u

    U F

    `

    @

    E

    U

    ~

    B

    t c

    ~

    b c

    D

    c y

    U

    y

    B

    t

    D B F

    c

    g

    D

    y

    Y

    q

    Q

    @

    ~

    B

    S

    c

    ` `

    E

    b

    Y

    q

    B C

    f

    E

    b c

    PU

    @

    y b

    U Y P

    h

    n

    Y

    V

    R

    B

    t

    R

    d

    S

    B

    y c

    E

    c

    `

    BC

    @ d P

    c

    I

    c

    B

    y

    B

    @

    d

    PY F

    !

    C

    U TH

    B x GF

    B

    P A B

    t c

    R B

    t u

    d

    t

    B

    E

    U FU

    d A

    B C

    c

    B

    t

    c y

    Ud

    D

    c yb c

    Ud

    E

    @ Y

    E

    U

    E

    Y B x FU

    B P

    c

    H

    B

    g

    @

    CU

    d

    y

    U

    u

    BC U

    d

    y

    y bc

    u

    B

    t

    R

    d

    t

    B

    E

    g

    U@

    B

    d U P B

    E

    g

    u

    B

    n

    S

    C

    B

    E

    Y

    G H Q

    H

    E

    Q D G G

    W

    Y B

    `

    U x

    y y

    Y

    `

    B

    E

    c

    B@ d

    B C

    B D

    y c

    D

    y

    B F

    y g

    h

    GQ

    H

    E

    V

    GF

    Yx

    GR

    f

    FG P

    W g u

    b y

    UR B

    t

    Rd

    t

    B

    yc

    U

    g

    E

    B

    t

    xU D

    g

    E

    g

    I @ D B C D

    Y

    t

    Bx D

    D QH

    R Y

    E

    Q D Y

    h

    G

    R

    b

    B

    E E

    b

    Y YQ

    HH

    QH

    U

    f c

    B R

    b

    CY

    B Fd

    x

    y

    G

    B

    c

    B

    dB

    E

    Y

    `

    QH

    B

    S

    Y

    Um H

    q

    E

    b

    Y

    E

    U

    E

    B

    S

    @d

    P

    c

    I

    f

    `

    BC

    D

    c

    S

    B x D Y

    `

    D

    H

    uc

    E

    c

    x

    b

    D QP

    n

    C

    q q

    E

    Y Bx x F G x

    B

    E

    Y

    Hd

    PY

    {

    E

    U

    E

    bc

    `

    B C

    @

    d

    P

    c

    F

    R B

    t u

    T

    t

    B

    E

    `

    @

    y b

    Y

    h

    F Y Q G

    T

    D

    h

    BF

    B B

    h

    ! " # $

    %

    !& '

    ()

    0

    1

    2

    3

    45

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    18/198

    !

    "

    #

    $ %

    &

    '$

    ( )

    #

    0

    1

    2

    3

    2 4

    &

    $

    &

    5 6

    7

    8 8 9

    7

    8

    5

    3

    @

    A

    4

    &

    B

    3

    8

    A

    4

    C

    D

    E

    F

    G

    H I

    P P

    QH I

    R

    QH

    ST Q

    H D

    U

    H

    GV

    HI

    P

    W

    X

    Y Y

    `a

    b

    c

    H IT

    d

    e f e f

    g

    HI

    h

    i

    p

    q r

    s

    Y

    t

    S u

    v

    w

    x

    r

    f

    g

    HT

    y

    f

    Y

    f f

    V G

    Q

    W

    p

    f f f

    q

    U

    V

    T

    w

    ff f

    V

    V

    f

    SQ

    b

    a

    I

    e

    C

    h

    b

    D

    e

    j

    k

    Q l

    b

    Q

    m

    n

    e

    Y

    o

    Y q

    b

    Q

    e ee

    e

    q

    z

    {

    |

    } ~

    z

    {

    ~

    {

    ~

    !

    w

    | |

    ~

    z

    | |

    z

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    z

    ~

    z

    z

    X

    ~

    ~ ~

    {

    {

    ~

    {

    X

    ~

    z

    |

    ~

    {

    |

    |

    {

    !

    ~ ~

    {

    {

    ~

    z

    X

    {

    |

    ~

    {

    |

    {

    ~~

    z

    |

    ~

    ~

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    19/198

    !

    "

    #$

    %&

    '

    (

    ) 0

    1

    2

    3 4

    0

    5

    6

    6

    7

    8

    9

    @A B

    A C

    D E@

    A

    A

    F

    G

    H

    I

    P

    Q Q

    Q Q Q Q

    R S T

    U

    V

    A

    RS T

    W X

    RS T

    Y

    W

    @`

    a b

    c

    @ `

    a d

    e

    V` f

    a d

    Y

    W

    g

    h i

    p q

    r s t

    q

    S

    u v

    w

    d vd

    `

    a

    d

    x

    a

    q y

    W q

    ds

    i

    W a

    y

    j

    k

    l

    m

    n o o

    m

    no o

    m

    z

    o o{

    |

    mm

    }

    ~ o no

    |

    o

    }

    m

    n

    }

    m

    n

    }

    m

    z

    o

    m

    o

    o

    m

    n o

    }

    m

    z

    o

    m

    n

    o

    m m

    n o o

    m

    n

    o

    m m m

    ~

    } |

    n

    z

    o o n

    m m m

    n n

    }

    m

    o

    m

    m

    on

    z

    m m m

    ~n

    o

    }

    m

    o

    m

    z

    n

    m m

    n n n

    m

    n

    ~

    }

    o

    m

    o

    m

    o

    }

    o

    m

    no o

    m

    }

    n

    n o

    m

    n o o o

    m

    n

    n o

    m

    { ~ n

    mm

    n n

    m

    n n

    m

    z

    n n

    m

    n o o n

    m

    o

    n

    z

    o o

    m

    n

    z

    n

    n

    o n

    mm

    o

    "

    m

    ~

    m

    n ~ o

    }

    n o ~

    n

    |

    m m

    o

    o

    m m

    o

    n

    o

    z

    o

    m

    o

    m

    n o

    m

    n

    m m

    ~

    o

    o ~

    m

    n

    m

    n

    m

    o

    on ~

    }

    o n

    {

    m

    n

    }

    m m

    n o n n

    n

    }

    m

    o

    m

    }

    m

    n n o

    m

    m

    n on

    m m

    ~

    z z

    m m m

    o

    m

    n

    m

    n

    n o

    ~ ~

    m m

    n ~

    m m m

    ~

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    20/198

    ! !

    "

    #$

    %

    &

    '

    (

    ! #

    ) "

    $

    )

    0

    1

    2 3

    2 )

    # 4$

    5

    6

    78

    " )"

    $

    )

    7 3 9

    @

    )

    4#

    A A

    B

    8"

    $1

    " )

    C D

    5

    !

    E

    &

    '

    F

    G G H I P

    Q

    R

    "

    !

    G

    G

    S

    3

    $

    T

    %

    &

    '

    F

    U

    V

    W X

    Y

    I

    R

    "

    !

    U

    V

    `

    a

    B

    )

    3

    )

    6

    3

    $b

    9

    # 6

    5

    ) 2

    !

    S

    3

    $

    T

    !# 6

    9 3

    A

    9

    5

    A

    3 )

    #

    2

    !

    c

    5

    !

    %

    &

    D

    )

    #

    (

    )

    #

    ) d

    A

    3

    !

    )

    e

    f

    g

    $

    )

    1

    h

    i5 p

    9

    ) "

    # $

    c

    )3

    ) "

    !

    )

    A

    3

    1!

    ) "

    $

    )

    0

    1

    8

    #!

    q

    3

    A

    r s

    "

    !

    A

    ! !

    ) 3

    $

    B

    0 t

    5 3

    A

    )

    #

    )

    $

    5

    6

    7

    u

    v 5

    9

    6

    3

    9

    "

    $!

    8

    #

    5

    A

    T )5

    $

    U

    I

    (

    #

    %

    &

    '

    F

    U

    V w

    X

    Y

    I

    R

    x y

    8

    3

    #

    5 3

    $

    3

    q#

    " Td

    "

    !

    8

    #b

    7

    b

    3

    "

    $

    1

    %

    &

    '

    #

    (

    )

    3 7

    #

    A

    5

    q

    3 5

    0

    F

    #!

    " ) "

    q

    R

    3

    $

    T "

    $!

    "

    $

    1

    3

    $

    1

    3

    ) "

    !

    1

    $

    7

    i

    #

    ) 2

    !

    5)

    (

    # $ 1

    3 ) "

    q $

    5

    6

    7

    !

    !

    3

    $

    3

    6

    A

    8

    !

    3

    A A

    9

    3

    A

    95

    A

    3) )

    5

    A

    "3

    $

    T3 ) 9

    #

    !

    # $

    T "

    $ 1

    )

    #

    Y

    X P 3

    b

    Y

    G P

    F

    "

    g

    Q3 W

    6 # $

    5 3 )

    R

    j

    k

    l m n o

    z {

    |

    }

    ~ ~

    ~

    |

    }

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    g

    | |

    }

    ~

    | |

    ~

    {

    |

    {

    g

    |

    ~

    ~

    |

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    |

    ~

    ~

    ~

    }

    |

    |

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    |

    c

    ~

    |

    ~

    |

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    g

    |

    ~

    '

    d

    5

    A

    "3

    $

    T3

    )

    # 4

    )

    #

    9

    Y

    X X 3

    $

    53

    b

    ` "

    !

    G X

    Y

    P

    3

    $

    3 "

    A

    b

    f$

    T

    $

    5

    6

    7

    #4

    T 3

    b !

    8

    " 3

    q

    A

    3

    !

    T

    !

    "

    $

    9

    )

    #

    9

    7

    b

    !

    5 7 39

    "

    $

    1f

    !$

    5

    6

    7

    4# 6

    )

    5

    A

    "

    3

    $

    T

    3

    0

    #

    3

    6

    c

    )

    $

    5

    6

    7

    #

    4

    T3

    b!

    A

    3

    !

    T

    !

    "

    $

    9

    )

    9

    )

    #

    Y

    X P

    73

    b

    Y

    "

    !

    G Q

    Y Y

    V

    P

    U

    GI I X

    Y

    P

    U

    U

    U

    Y

    3

    !

    (

    #

    5

    $

    T

    $

    )

    2

    q

    "

    #

    5

    !

    9

    )"

    # $

    C

    !

    " #

    $

    ! %

    & '

    ! () 0

    12

    3

    1

    4

    0

    5

    6 7

    8 9 @ A 0

    B C 4 D E F G D H

    %I

    P

    &

    !

    Q

    R S T

    % U V! I W

    X Y&

    F G

    `

    a

    b c d e f g

    E F

    G h

    i

    " p

    ! i !

    q

    i ! r ! s

    X t X&

    up

    t vw

    ! x r ! y

    " p

    e

  • 8/8/2019 Practical.astronomy.with.Your.calculator 3ed Duffett Smith 0521356997

    21/198

    !

    " #

    $

    %

    &' (

    )0

    1

    2

    3

    )

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9@

    A

    3 B

    )C

    D

    )9

    E

    F G

    5

    (

    H

    6

    1

    I

    B

    @ 7 )

    P B

    G

    P B

    H Q

    R

    S T U U

    V

    W X S Y

    ` a

    b

    U

    c

    X d

    b

    U U e

    f

    S

    V

    g

    Vh

    i

    p q

    e r T i

    bc

    s

    t

    u

    v

    e

    h

    w

    e

    x

    b

    T

    h

    x

    V

    T S

    y

    d

    V h

    SX e

    q

    T

    h

    S X

    b

    r

    V

    e

    h

    d e

    u

    b h

    w

    e

    b

    W

    b

    x

    V

    w

    Vh

    b b V

    U

    V

    e

    u e

    x

    X U U

    h

    d

    b

    s

    e

    h t

    eU S

    j k

    l

    V b m

    e W

    n

    u

    b

    o

    u

    b

    x

    t

    U

    vh

    w

    x

    b

    b

    r

    V

    e

    c

    w

    e

    x

    b

    d

    V b

    U

    n

    V

    c

    w

    T

    h

    r

    S

    V

    &a