Practical Science II

Chapter 1 Review

1-1 What is Life Science?

• Study living things• Study their

environment• Lots of specialties• Lots of ways to study• Biology• Part of your daily life

Biology is everywhere in our daily lives !

What specialty deals with this situation?

1-2 What Are Living Things?

• Organism is a complete, entire living thing

• They have certain required traits or characteristics

• You are an organism

Characteristics of Organisms• We may use this list

of identifiable traits to check on whether something is living (an organism)

• Living shows all of these traits

• Dead used to show the traits but not now

• Non-living never showed the traits or only some of them

Made of 1 or more cells

Use Energy

Adapt to surroundings

Respond to Stimuli

Growth and Development

Reproduction

What is matter?

• Has mass and occupies space

• All objects made of matter

• Matter appears as elements/compounds

• Elements/atoms:Compounds/molecules

• Living matter consists of atoms of C, H, O, N, S, and P in different percentages

Element distribution

Organic Compounds

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

• CHO (1:2:1 ratio)• Sugars and starches• Source of energy in

living things• Made from

photosynthesis and passed on through food chains

Lipids

• CHO (reduced O)• Fats, oils and waxes• Store energy when

intake is greater than use

• Made by body and taken in by diet

Proteins

• CHON• Meats, eggs and dairy• Build and Repair

structures

Nucleic Acids

• CHONP• Code genetic info • DNA –

deoxyribonucleic acid• RNA – ribonucleic

acid• Build by body

What do organisms need?

• Energy

• Water

• Air

• Temperature

• Space

• For homeostasis – a balance among all the activities of the body

Energy

Autotroph

Heterotroph

Herbivore

Carnivore

Decomposer

Water

• 2/3 of your body• Dissolve/transport• For chemical

reactions• Support in plants

Air

• Oxygen for respiration• From atmosphere or

water• Carbon dioxide for

photosynthesis• Some are anaerobic,

like Clostridium botulinum

Temperature

• Exotherm – cold-blooded

• Endotherm – warm-blooded

• Oxygen content of water

• Small range of temp.

Living Space

• Area in which to live• Provides food, water,

sunlight, temperature, air and shelter

• Can’t be contaminated