ppt sep 29th jamestown background essay and … · agenda 1. jamestown background essay – what...
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Agenda 1. Jamestown Background Essay –
What did you learn? 2. Jamestown Documents A - C
Homework 1. Read Jamestown Documents D
and E and Answer the Questions 2. Group Four Current Events Due
Friday, 10/2 3. Current Events Peer Response
One Due Friday, 10/2
Tuesday, September 29th
7B Social Studies Inquiry: What elements do you need to make a successful society? Why did so many colonists die in Jamestown? Goal: Students will analyze and integrate information from primary and secondary sources about the Jamestown colony. (CCSS.ELA-‐Literacy.RH.6-‐8.7)
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Background Essay Questions 1. Why did the English come to the James River in 1607?
2. Who helped pay for settling the James River Colony?
3. How many settlers died in the first six months?
They came to establish the first permanent English se@lement in America. They wanted riches, opportuniEes, a passage to China, and to spread ChrisEanity.
A group of English investors paid for the adventure, hoping to make a profit (gold, passage to China).
They arrived on May 13, 1607; by the end of December 1607, 70 of the original 110 had died.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Background Essay Questions 4. Define or explain each of these terms: Chesapeake Bay Powhatan Wahunsonacock
A large saltwater bay of the AtlanEc Ocean on the coast of Virginia
A naEve American group of about 15,000 people who lived in near the James River in the early 1600s
The Chief of the Powhatan
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Background Essay Questions 5. With regard to age and social class, who were the first
settlers? The se@lers were generally between 17 and 35 years old.
Most were poor people who arrived in debt and wanted a chance to make a new life and own land.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die?
We are now going to look at five documents that relate to early Jamestown. Some are primary sources and some are secondary sources.
Before we dive into the documents, lets figure out exactly what we are looking for.
1. What is the main question for this mini-unit? (Hint –look at the top of the SMART Board!)
2. Define “early Jamestown.” What years will mark the beginning and end of the period we are studying? (Look at the Background Essay.)
3. Does the question ask you to come up with several reasons for the high death rate or one underlying reason?
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Here are the document titles. Using the titles as clues, can you infer what three possible reasons for the high death rate in Jamestown these documents might prove? Document A “Jamestown’s Environment” Document B “Rainfall in Jamestown” Document C “Occupation List of First Settlers” Document D “Grain Trade with the Powhatans” Document E “Chronology of English Mortality”
Resource (Water) Problems Se3ler Skills Rela6ons with Powhatans
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document A 1. What is brackish water? 2. What twice daily event would cause water levels around
Jamestown to rise and cause wells and fresh water streams to become brackish? (Hint: the moon)
Brackish water is salty water.
High Edes in the AtlanEc Ocean and Chesapeake Bay cause water in connected rivers like the James River to “back up,” bringing salty ocean water into the river.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document A
3. According to Carville Earle, what happened to human waste that got dumped into the river?
4. What inference can you make about the effect of tides on health in Jamestown?
5. Consider the last paragraph. What time of year do you think starvation was most likely to happen?
Waste dumped in the James River by the colonists “tended to fester rather than flush away.” That means the waste stayed in the water near the se@lements.
People got sick from using the water for drinking, bathing, cooking, or swimming.
StarvaEon was more likely to happen in the fall and winter because fishing was bad at that Eme of year.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document B
1. What is indicated by a sharp spike below the 0 line? What were the dates of the first five years of settlement in Jamestown?
2. Look at the years 1580 – 1640. During which period did
Jamestown suffer its longest unbroken period of drought?
3. In the winter of 1609-1610, Jamestown experienced what settlers called the “starving time.” Based on this document, what inference can you make about the cause of this “starving time”?
The sharp spike below 0 line indicates a very dry year. The first five years were 1607-‐1612.
The longest drought period was 1606 to 1612.
You can infer that drought was a contribuEng factor to starvaEon.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document B 4. Is there any way lack of rain might strain English relations with the Powhatans? Explain.
Drought would have affected both the se@lers and the Powhatans and would have reduced the corn supply. Hungry people are more aggressive with each other in their a@empts to get food. This might have caused fighEng.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document C 1. How many settlers arrived in May 1607? 1608? How many had
known occupations? 2. How many of the settlers from either group were female?
3. What is a gentleman?
In May 1607, 110 se@lers arrived, and 82 had known occupaEons. In January 1608, 120 more se@lers arrived, and 69 had known occupaEons.
None were female.
A “gentleman” was a person with social posiEon and wealth. In England at this Eme, it meant a person who did not need to work to support himself.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document C 4. Of the 110 settlers who arrived in May 1607, nearly 70 were
dead by December. Is there anything in the ship lists that helps explain why?
There are four possible explanaEons: a. The gentlemen may not have been ready to do hard or useful
work. b. No farmers are listed; without farmers, there would be a food
shortage. c. There were no women, who were ocen more skilled at
nursing the sick. d. There was no apothecary (person who gives out medicine) in
the first group.
Homework: Read Document D and E and answer the questions for each.
Early Jamestown: Why did so many colonists die? Document D Definitions for Document D: “crewell dealinge” – brutal treatment “and other extremetyes” – other extremities, such as arms and legs “towe of the Salvages heads” – two of the Patawomeke’s heads “by the perswasion or rather the inforcement of his company” –West’s men forced him to make the decision to return to England “hoysed up Sayles” – hoisted or raised up the sails