ppt on automatic street light control using ir sensors
TRANSCRIPT
BY:
E.VIKRAM (11M91A0441)
K.SAI KUMAR (11M91A0445)
K.RAGHU NANDAN(11M91A0447)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:
G.RAMCHANDRA KUMAR
The main purpose of this project is to switch ON
and OFF street lights without manual operation.
By using this system energy consumption is
reduced .
IR sensors and micro controller are the main
components of the project.
IR sensor is like our eye which detect the presence
of an object.
In the present days Automated systems have less
manual operations, high flexibility, and accurate.
Especially in the field of electronics automated
systems are giving good performance.
our project is to control the switching of Street
Lights automatically.
IR’s which detects the vehicle with the micro
controller are used.
MICROCONTROLLER
AT89S52
IR
IR
IR
HIGH POWER
LED’s
Regulated Power Supply
Microcontroller (AT89S52)
IR Sensors
Light Dependent Resistor[LDR]
Light Emitting Diode [LED]
U1
VCC
40
EA31
X1 19X218
RST9
P1.01
P1.12
P1.23
P1.34
P1.45
P1.56
P1.67
P1.78
P3.0/RXD10
P3.1/TXD11
P3.2/INT012
P3.3/INT113
P3.4/T014
P3.5/T115
P3.6/WR16
P3.7/RD17
Y1
33pf 33pf
10uf
10k
SW1
330
330
330
330
330
330
4 X IN4001
+
E
D
1 3
2
+
MOC 7811
MOC 7811
MOC 7811
230V AC
+
+
D
E
E
+
+
D
330
10k
330
10k.
10k
330
T11 5
4 8
- +
1
4
3
2
470uf 0.1uf 0.1uf
7805
AT89S52
Pin diagram of AT89S52
The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit
microcontroller.
It has a 4K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash memory.
128 bytes of RAM,32 I/O lines, watchdog timer, two data
pointers.
two 16-bit timer,on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry.
PIN DESCRIPTION:
VCC PORT 3
GND RST
VDD ALE
PWR/GND PSEN
PORT 0 EA
PORT 1 XTAL1
PORT 2 XTAL2
Infrared sensor is an electronic instrument.
It is used to sense certain characteristics in its
surroundings by emitting infrared radiations.
It is capable of measuring heat and detection of moving
object.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Size: [Refer to the image beside]
TX: Transmitter
RX: Receiver
An LDR( light dependent resistor), offers the resistance in
response to the ambient light.
The resistance of the LDR increases as the intensity of
light increases.
It can act as a sensor, since a varying voltage drop can be
obtained in accordance with the varying light.
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light
source.
LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and
are increasingly used for lighting.
LEDs are introduced as a practical electronic
component in 1962.
Electrical symbol & polarities of LED
Structure inside a LED
The working of the project can be clearlyexplained by considering the street lights.
The main aim of the project is to automatic switchON/OFF the street light by sensing the vehicle.
In this project IR’s are used for sensing thevehicles.
Initially the street lights are in OFF state by usingthe LDR’S.
As the IR senses the vehicle the street lightsassociated w.r.t that sensor will switch ON and OFFafter certain time.
Keil compiler is the software used in the
machine language code.
The machine source code is converted into
hex code.
This hex code is dumped into the
microcontroller for further processing.
The main idea of this project is to reduce the
wastage of electricity.
For this purpose IR’s and LDR’s are used as
sensors.
The street light corresponding to that IR will
switch-ON automatically when a vehicle
passes.
Can overcome the crisis of natural power
production resources in forth coming days.
Can reduce the wastage of electricity.
Ultimately can conserve some of the natural
resources from completely getting vanished.
www.wikipedia.com
www.keil.com
www.maxim-ic.com
www.electronicsforu.com
www.allaboutcircuits.com
Books Referred:
Raj kamal –Microcontrollers Architecture,
Programming, Interfacing and System Design.
Mazidi and Mazidi –Embedded Systems.
DIP Microcontroller Manual – Microchip.
Embedded C-Michael J Pont