ppt bridges & types
TRANSCRIPT
BRIDGES AND ITS TYPES
DEFINITION OF BRIDGE
Components of bridge Substructure:• Piers and Abutments• Wing walls and Returns• Foundation Bearings Superstructure or Decking
Substructure:
Bearings
Superstructure or Decking
TYPES OF
BRIDGES
SLAB
BEAM
ARCH
SUSPENSION
CABLE-STAYED
GIRDER
TRUSS
Type of superstructures• Slab (9m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES
• Minimum depth for short spans
• Ease of design and detail
• Aesthetic for small stream crossings
• Not the most economical solution
• Requires formwork structure
• Limited span length
Beam (10 to 60m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES
• Helpful for short spans.
• Long distances are normally covered by placing the beams on piers
• Costly even for rather short spans, since expensive steel is required as a construction material
• Sagging tendency is increased when the bridge span or load is increased.
Girder (10 to 60m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES• Fairly simple• Easy to install and
maintain• Extremely rugged• Small deflections
• low strength to weight ratio
• Plate girders have limited spans
• Limited visibility through the structure
Truss• Simply supported (30 to 375m)• Cantilevered combination
(550m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES• Economical To
Build• Very Strong• Road Placement• Built In Difficult
Places
• Complicated Design
• Maintenance• Waste of Materials• Very Heavy
Arch• Small Spans (3 To 15m)• Steel Arch (519m) • Concrete Arches (305m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES• Provide Higher
Levels Of Resistance
• Made From Virtually Anything
• Stronger The More They Work
• Spans Of The Bridge Are Limited
• Require Extra Maintenance
• Take A Long Time To Build
Suspension (500m up to 1400m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES• Span of Great
Lengths• Flexibility• Simple
Construction
• Soft Ground Issues• Too Flexible• Cannot Support
High Traffic
Cable stayed(300 to 600m)
ADVANTAGES & DISADANTAGES• Good for medium
spans• Greater stiffness• Can be constructed
by cantilevering out from the tower
• Cables won't break under extreme temperature
• Typically more expensive than other types of bridge
• Wind is a big factor. It can rock the bridge side to side, causing the cables to become lose
Classification of bridges Flexibility of superstructure• Fixed span superstructure• Movable span bridges
Position of bridge floor relative to the formation level• Deck bridges• Through bridges• Semi through bridges
Inter-span relations• Simply supported• Continuous• Cantilever
Method of clearance for navigation• Movable – Bascule Bridge• Movable – Swing Bridge• Movable – Lift Bridge• Transporter
Expected utility period of service• Temporary bridges• Military (pontoon, bailey)• Permanent bridges
Road level relative to the highest flood level• Causeway• High-level• Submersible
BRIDGE MAINTAINENCE• Locating voids and delamination's in bridge
pavements and scour around bridge support columns.
• Determining location and types of reinforcing steel in concrete
Ensuring quality control on new concrete installations
Corrosion Control • Protective Coatings• Barrier Coatings • Metallizing
Noise barriers• Security fencing• Bridge mounted • Roof mounted
THANK
YOU