Section 22-3

Seedless Vascular Plants

Marcel BinderMr. CollinsBiology 4

Evolution of Vascular tissue

What is Vascular Tissue?- tissue that conducts water and nutrients

through plant body in higher plants - First vasc. Plants had new type of cell

that was specialized to conduct water

- Vasc. Plants envolved ability to produce lignin, a substance that makes cell wall rigid

- Tracheids - key cells in xylem of vasc. plants that serve in transport of water and mineral salts

- Xylem - form of vasc. Tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of plant

- Phloem - transport solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis- xylem and phloem tissues are always in close

proximity to each other

Ferns & Their Relatives

- Seedless vasc. plants include club mosses, horsetails & ferns - most numerous phylum is

ferns- Have true roots, leaves, and stems

Club Mosses - small plants that live in moist woodlands near streambeds

and marshes

Horsteails - very primitive perennial plant with dark-green hollow

- jointed or segmented stems1/4 to ½ inch thick,no true leaves

Ferns - Over 10,000 species- Most found in the tropics where tree ferns In temperate regions- the stems of ferns (rhizomes) grow underground- the leaves (fronds)  grow up from the

rhizome each spring

Horstetail

Club Moss

Ferns

Ferns Life Cycle

- sporophyte (diploid) phase produces haploid spores by mei-osis

- spore grows by mitosis into agametophyte, which typically consists of photosynthetic prothallus

- gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis

- mobile, flagellate sperm fertilizes egg that remains attached to prothallus

- fertilized egg is now diploid zygote and grows by mitosis into sporophyte

Bibliography

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Photograph. Web. 31 Mar. 2010. <http://aquaplant.tamu.edu/images/plant_photos/emergent_plants/others/horsetail02.jpg>.

Photograph. Web. 31 Mar. 2010. <http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/rd/fern-growing-basics0.jpg>.

Photograph. Web. 31 Mar. 2010. <http://www1.fccj.cc.fl.us/dbyres/david/monolf100.jpg>. Photograph. Web. 31 Mar. 2010.

<http://www.sierrapotomac.org/W_Needham/Pictures/ClubMoss_LycopodiumClavatum_VanceCove_050730.jpg>.

Photograph. Web. March & April 2010. <http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20102/bio%20102%20lectures/seedless%20plants/ferns.jpg>.

"Vascular Tissue – Dictionary Definition of Vascular Tissue | Encyclopedia.com: FREE Online Dictionary." Encyclopedia - Online Dictionary | Encyclopedia.com: Get Facts, Articles, Pictures, Video. 2010. Web. 31 Mar. 2010. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O6-vasculartissue.html>.