CHRONIC DISEASES

Standard Covered

1.5N- Describe the relationship between poor eating habits and chronic diseases such as heart disease, obesity, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and osteoperosis

Agenda

Do Now Vocabulary words Heart Diseases Obesity Reflection

Do Now!

Word of the day: Betray- to disappoint the hopes or

expectations of; be disloyal to.

Quote of the Day: “ A failure is a man who has blundered,

but is not able to cash in on the experience”

- Elbert Hubbard

Vocabulary Words

Coronary Congestive Obesity Diabetes Hypertension Osteoporosis

Eating Habits

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/38544661#38544661

Heart Diseases

Umbrella term used to describe a range of diseases that affect your heart Coronary Artery disease Congestive heart failure Heart attack

Used interchangeably with “cardiovascular disease”

Is the #1 worldwide killer of men and women

Responsible for 40% of all deaths in the U.S.

Coronary Artery Disease

Develops when your arteries- the major blood vessels that supply your heart with blood, oxygen, and nutrients- become damaged.

Usual suspect? Cholesterol-containing deposits

What does this mean? When plaque builds up, your arteries narrow

which means your heart receives less blood Can go undetected for decades until heart

attack occurs.

Heart failure

Aka- Congestive heart failure, means you heart can’t pump enough blood to meet you body’s needs.

Best way to prevent heart failure is to control risk factors:

Coronary artery disease High blood pressure High cholesterol (comes from animals) Diabetes Obesity

Obesity

What is obesity? An excess portion of total body fat A person is considered overweight when

there weight is 20% or more above normal body weight?

What is “normal” body weight” Let’s take a look

Height and Weight Chart

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Alternative and more common measure of obesity

Considered overweight if your BMI is between 25 and 29.9 Over 30 is considered- obese Over 40 is considered- morbidly obese

How to calculate BMI BMI can be calculated by multiplying weight

(in pounds) by 705, then dividing by height (in inches) twice

Let’s google- webmd BMI calculator

What Causes Obesity

Obesity occurs when a person consumes more calories than he or she burns. For many people this boils down to eating too much and exercising too little.

Other factors: Age-metabolism slows down Gender- men burn more energy at rest Genetics- tend to run in families Environmental factors Psychological factors Medication

How to overcome obesity

1st- See a doctor 2nd Come up with diet plan 3rd Build a fitness plan 4th Commit to plan

Remember- the only time success come before work is in the?

Diabetes

Different types of Diabetes Type I (Juvenile diabetes) Type II (Adult onset) Gestational (will not cover)

Type I Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic (lifelong) disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar levels.

Genetic Predisposition: it runs in your family, so you are more likely to get it.

Usually diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults

However,

you can get it at any age!!

Type II Diabetes

Is associated with weight gain/obesity

It is the most common form of Diabetes

Approximately 21 million people have T2d

Problem is not production of insulin but proper use of insulin

Most Common Amongst

African Americans Latinos Native Americans Asian-Americans Native Americans

Symptoms

Frequent urination Excessive thirst Extreme hunger or constant eating Unexplained weight loss Glucose in urine

Symptoms…

Tiredness or fatigue

Changes in vision

Numbness or tingling in the extremities

Slow healing wounds or sores

High frequency of infection

Treatments

Monitor Glucose levels

Diet, exercise, medication

Type I: Daily insulin injections

Type II: Weight loss

Hypertension

Refers to high blood pressure (Hyper=High, Hypo=low)

Blood pressure refers to the force of blood pushing against artery walls as it courses through the body

Ex: Water hose Leading cause of stroke Normal reading is 120/80 It is normal for your blood pressure to

fluctuate

Symptoms

1 out of 3 people that have hypertension don’t know they have it.

May not have any symptoms If blood pressure is extremely high:

Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Blood in urine

Treatment

Diet changes Less sodium

Medication Exercise

Aerobic exercise Limit alcohol consumption Several prescribed drugs are

available

Osteoporosis

What is it? The weakening of bones that can

increase the risk of unexpected fractures.

A silent disease, often times goes unnoticed until a you fracture a bone

Is testing available? Yes, bone density test & dual X-ray

Absorptiometry

Treatments

Because Osteoporosis is difficult to reverse, prevention is the key Vitamins C and D consumption Regular exercise program

Muscle strengthening Walking aerobics

Prescription drugs can also be taken