powerpoint-presentasjon - alfasoft · 19.05.2019 2 © k. skinningsrud, limwric a project plan,...

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Scientific papers and grant applications

writing to different target audiences

Kari Skinningsrud, Limwric

Alfasoft, 14 May 2019

http://www.nedarc.org/tutorials/utilizingData/images/targetAudience.jpg

INTRODUCTIONS

© K. Skinningsrud, Limwric as

1. Describe and defend your research in a context of

relevance to funders

2. Meet reader expectations regarding content and

presentation

3. Establish a storyline with intended emphasis

4. Write for the reader by avoiding distractions

INTRODUCTIONS

• Have an MSc in biochemistry from NTNU the Norwegian University of

Science and Technology.

• Have been freelance since 2002 as a medical writer, trainer, editor, and

translator and worked in pharmaceutical industry with clinical research for

about 10 years before that.

• Give courses on cross-cultural communication and writing of manuscripts

and grant applications

.

INTRODUCTIONS

http://www.emwa.org/images/logos/EMWA%20LOGO%202014_LANDCSAPE_RGB_Scaled.jpg http://www.westbrooktimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Whos-Who-Header.jpg


• Member of

and their Professional Development Committee.

• Canadian/Norwegian, based in Norway.

© K. Skinningsrud, Limwric

Similarities and differences between

protocols, applications for funding and research papers

INTRODUCTIONS


A research protocol provides an overview of a proposed study in order to :

satisfy an organisation's guidelines for protecting human or animal subjects

to show that research complies with an organisation’s strategy, focus and ethics requirements.

INTRODUCTIONS

http://www.google.no/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=bokdcZFE8T8SgM&tbnid=uSKJ_d8PGwj12M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.balancedbusinesswomen.com/blog/questions-for-defining-your-target-audience&ei=Ew12Us2fFafV4gTw4IGIDQ&bvm=bv.55819444,d.bGE&psig=AFQjCNGYJasM9SF1ytaMXTMncRYuPY0YYw&ust=1383554696557697

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© K. Skinningsrud, Limwric

A project plan, which in addition to that needed for

collaborators and workplace, explains feasibility,

cost-effectiveness and funder-specific information

concerning the intended research.

https://www.google.no/search?client=opera&biw=1312&bih=727&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=MpgJXJGUE8G9sQHM37bwDg&q=grant+application&oq=grant+application&gs_l=img.3..0i19l10.526844.529124..529393...1.0..0.60.883.18......0....1..gws-wiz-img.......0j0i67j0i30.HBGC9AG6P2o#imgrc=aRl5FB_WYFJuiM:

INTRODUCTIONS

Describe and defend your research

in a context of relevance to funders

1. DESCRIBE & DEFEND

Who are the funders/stakeholders? Look at the

goals of the funding body or program.

Who will participate in the evaluation meetings?

Is it likely to be a homogenous group or will they

have different interests?

https://www.facebook.com/askyourselfromania


Institutional funding

Professional bodies/specialties

Patient organisations

Disease-specific organisations

Building networks across disciplines or geographical

borders

Organisations with a geographical interest

Commercial companies

Wealthy welldoers with specific interests




FUNDER’SIDEA, JOURNAL SCOPE OR INSTI-TUTIONALSTRATEGY



https://cdn.executivegrapevine.com/uploads/articles/thumbnail/lightbulbs-for-BG_updated.png http://www.lavackfitness.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/impact.jpg

Ask yourself,

who can

use

your study

results

to do what?


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Babill Stray-Pedersen R.I.P.



GANTT CHART

https://www.smartsheet.com/blog/where-do-you-find-best-gantt-chart-spreadsheet-templates

Illustration of when activities (coloured bars) will occur in time

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PERT CHART

https://www.google.no/search?client=opera&biw=1312&bih=727&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=v2YKXOmHF8SwsAHwn6-QDw&q=pert+chart&oq=pert+chart&gs_l=img.3..0j0i7i30l4j0i30l5.323924.324717..326425...0.0..0.55.212.4......0....1..gws-wiz-img.......0i19j0i7i30i19.NLaHvxlhNZE#imgrc=2aOvy_I8FveToM:



Five questions to answer during the first 15 seconds that it

takes to read your proposal.

Is the problem relevant for the funding body?

Why bother?

Is the solution already available

Why you?

Why now?


Meet reader expectations regarding

content and presentation

2. MEET EXPECTATIONS

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http://sdsujms408sp2011gp14.wikispaces.com/file/view/knowledge_gap_2.jpg/207922544/knowledge_gap_2.jpg, http://www.thequotablecoach.com/conclusion-place-got-tired-thinking/


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http://www.inbrainrecruitment.ch/en/Specialised-sectors.htm


https://www.videoblocks.com/video/knowledge-gap-puzzle-piece-hole-training-education-vkvkv31fxijup67k3


http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/subjects/downloads/psychology/PICOT.jpg


Problem

Activity to produce outcome

Could be any of the other elements

Quantitative or qualitative

Could also be about timing


Your study

A study with the

same population A study with the

same intervention

http://news.yale.edu/sites/default/files/Clinical-Trial_YaleNews.jpg

A study with the

same outcome

To convince readers about your work’s novelty

describe the ~ 3 most important references in terms

of PICOT elements


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Establish a storyline with intended emphasis

3. STORYLINE

A common error beginning too broadly or too far off topic

Consider beginning with a startling statistic that illustrates the

seriousness of the problem you will address, and get to the point as

soon as possible.

Do not provide dictionary definitions of terms that readers already

know.

Authors should gradually guide readers’ thoughts to the study aims,

which are described in the last paragraph of the introduction.

Ideas should be organised so that, immediately before reading the

aim, the reader understands the relevance of the topic and anticipates

which gap in knowledge has to be filled.

Introductions/ background sections

3. STORYLINE

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3. DISCUSSIONS

R R

conclusion/

claim/

key messages

R

data/

results/

evidence

REBUTTAL

COUNTERCLAIM

BACKING

Justification*

* Explain that 1) the study design/ methods used to produce the results are appropriate

and 2) that there is a valid, credible link between the results and conclusion.

Toulmin method


3. DISCUSSIONS


Rebuttal/concluding argument

The purpose of the rebuttal is to convince the trier of

fact (judge/jury) that the evidence presented is

sufficient to win the case for whichever side the

attorney represents.

http://www.sakshitimes.net/wp-content/uploads/joomla/343-800px-Debate_Logo.svg.png

3. DISCUSSIONS

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https://explorable.com/images/third-variable.jpg


Internal validity

3. DISCUSSIONS

http://edn523.wikispaces.com/file/view/External_validity.jpg/77121471/External_validity.jpg

3. DISCUSSIONS

Hedging persuasiveness


Hedging being careful, cautious

Hedging language helps to make statements as accurate

as possible. Among the variety of hedging words and

phrases, choose one that reflects the strength of the

supporting evidence.

http://learn12.lboro.ac.uk/ludata/elss/eap/EAPToolkit/grammar/supportfiles/hedginglanguage.jpg

3. IMRaD CHALLENGES

W rite for the reader by avoiding distractions

4. DISTRACTIONS

http://whitepaperresults.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/RelevanceImage.jpg

That common overlapping area is smaller than we tend to think.

4. DISTRACTIONS

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4. DISTRACTIONS

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http://www.louimbriano.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/3cs.jpg


of communication

4. DISTRACTIONS 4. DISTRACTIONS

4. DISTRACTIONS

Exercises

Exercise 1 – a conclusion

This study suggests that it is possible to influence

the self-efficacy of 12–13-year-old, socially

withdrawn children with a school-based intervention

using SFA.

Problems: The study itself as the sentence subject,

misplaced present participle (using), illogical flow of

information, weak verbs, multiple hedging and

wordiness.

SFA solution focused approach

Revised: conclusion:

Our results indicate that the school-based intervention,

SFA, can improve the self-efficacy of 12–13-year-old socially withdrawn children.”

Exercise 1

Original conclusion:

This study suggests that it is possible to influence the

self-efficacy of 12–13-year-old, socially withdrawn

children with a school-based intervention using SFA.

4. DISTRACTIONS

SFA solution focused approach

https://www.google.no/search?q=the+difference+between+something+good+and+something+great+is+attention+to+detail&client=opera&hs=CK1&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjS5YaanZjeAhXnoIsKHXghC8QQ_AUIDigB&biw=1491&bih=826#imgrc=o6tUzexeJQk_MM:

4. DISTRACTIONS

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This webinar is instruction, Take a course to do, apply and learn

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powerpoint-presentasjon - alfasoft · 19.05.2019 2 © k. skinningsrud, limwric a project plan,...

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