Current Issue

Economic integration

TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership)

Controversial proposed trade

agreement among twelve Pacific Rim countries concerning a variety of matters of economic policy, about which agreement was reached on 5

October 2014 after 7 years of negotiations.

China 18,088.05 13,224,00

Hong Kong 400.362 55,096.96

Japan 4,767.16 37,518.75

Korea 1,785.95 35,379.02

Mongolia 34.869 11,919.15

Taiwan 1,078.79 46,035.83

Country (2014)

GDP(PPP) Billions of Int$

GDP(PPP)per capita Int$

IMF, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

Brunei 32.958 79,890.18

Cambodia 50.161 3,275.67

Indonesia 2,685.89 10,651.34

Lao P.D.R 34.532 5,005.83

Malaysia 769.448 25,145.35

Myanmar 244.365 4,752.40

Philippines 693.42 6,973.67

Singapore 454.346 83,065.59

Thailand 1,069.57 15,578.56

Timor-Leste 6.745 5,479.00

Vietnam 512.582 5,655.79

Country (2014)

GDP(PPP) Billions of Int$

GDP(PPP)per capita Int$

IMF, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

Afghanistan 60.808 1,944.09

Bangladesh 536.482 3,390.79

Bhutan 5.871 7,662.28

India 7,411.09 5,808.43

Maldives 4.554 13,311.61

Nepal 67.137 2,388.47

Pakistan 884.231 4,749.08

Sri Lanka 218.242 10,410.21

Country (2014)

GDP(PPP) Billions of Int$

GDP(PPP)per capita Int$

IMF, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

Armenia 24.371 8,163.97

Azerbaijan 165.926 17,760.79

Bahrain 62.166 49,020.17

Cyprus 27.516 30,881.90

Egypt 946.591 10,918.00

Georgia 34.345 9,209.10

Iran 1,357.03 17,442.52

Iraq 526.09 15,347.59

Israel 272.112 33,135.69

Jordan 79.907 11,970.54

Kuwait 282.638 70,685.70

Lebanon 81.419 18,051.81

Oman 162.967 43,847.06

Qatar 306.616 137,161.87

Saudi Arabia 1,609.63 52,310.95

Turkey 1,514.86 19,698.30

United Arab Emirates

617.138 66,346.63

Yemen 104.008 3,787.65

Country (2014)

GDP(PPP) Billions of Int$

GDP(PPP)per capita Int$

IMF, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

Kazakhstan 420.007 24,108.02

Kyrgyz Rep 19.229 3,261.86

Tajikistan 22.402 2,698.34

Turkmenistan 82.395 14,216.97

Uzbekistan 172.298 5,629.94

Country (2014)

GDP(PPP) Billions of Int$

GDP(PPP)per capita Int$

IMF, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

1 China 18,088.05

2 India 7,411.09

3 Japan 4,767.16

4 Indonesia 2,685.89

5 Korea 1,783.95

6 Taiwan 1,078.79

7 Thailand 1,069.57

8 Pakistan 884.23

9 Malaysia 769.44

10 Philippines 693.42

11 Bangladesh 536.48

12 Vietnam 512.58

13 Singapore 454.34

14 Kazakhstan 420.00

15 Hong Kong 400.36

16 Myanmar 244.36

17 Sri Lanka 218.24

18 Uzbekistan 172.29

19 Turkmenistan 82.39

20 Nepal 67.13

21 Afghanistan 60.80

22 Cambodia 50.16

23 Mongolia 34.86

24 Lao P.D.R. 34.53

25 Brunei 32.95

26 Tajikistan 22.40

27 Kyrgyzstan 19.22

28 Timor-Leste 6.74

29 Bhutan 5.87

30 Maldives 4.55

1 Germany 3,748.09

2 France 2,591.17

3 UK 2,569.22

4 Italy 2,135.36

5 Spain 1,572.11

6 Poland 959.84

7 Netherlands 808.79

8 Belgium 483.33

9 Sweden 450.51

10 Austria 396.80

11 Romania 393.83

12 Czech Republic 315.86

13 Greece 285.29

14 Portugal 281.35

15 Denmark 250.67

16 Hungary 247.11

17 Ireland 236.39

18 Finland 221.65

19 Slovakia 153.19

20 Bulgaria 129.10

21 Croatia 88.73

22 Lithuania 79.93

23 Slovenia 61.55

24 Luxembourg 53.67

25 Latvia 48.36

26 Estonia 36.78

27 Cyprus 27.51

28 Malta 14.12

International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

1 Singapore 83,065.59

2 Brunei 79,890.18

3 Hong Kong 55,096.96

4 Taiwan 46,035.83

5 Japan 37,518.75

6 Korea 35,379.02

7 Malaysia 25,145.35

8 Kazakhstan 24,108.02

9 Thailand 15,578.56

10 Turkmenistan 14,216.97

11 Maldives 13,311.61

12 China 13,224.00

13 Mongolia 11,919.15

14 Indonesia 10,651.34

15 Sri Lanka 10,410.21

16 Bhutan 7,662.28

17 Philippines 6,973.67

18 India 5,808.43

19 Vietnam 5,655.79

20 Uzbekistan 5,629.94

21 Timor-Leste 5,479.00

22 Lao P.D.R. 5,005.83

23 Myanmar 4,752.40

24 Pakistan 4,749.08

25 Bangladesh 3,390.79

26 Cambodia 3,275.67

27 Kyrgyzstan 3,261.86

28 Tajikistan 2,698.34

29 Nepal 2,388.47

30 Afghanistan 1,944.09

1 Luxembourg 97,638.71

2 Ireland 51,283.75

3 Netherlands 47,959.90

4 Austria 46,640.27

5 Sweden 46,219.39

6 Germany 46,215.71

7 Denmark 44,625.32

8 Belgium 43,139.15

9 Finland 40,660.71

10 France 40,537.54

11 UK 39,826.06

12 Italy 35,131.05

13 Spain 33,835.01

14 Malta 33,197.52

15 Cyprus 30,881.90

16 Czech Republic 30,046.76

17 Slovenia 29,866.54

18 Slovakia 28,278.81

19 Estonia 27,879.72

20 Lithuania 27,258.88

21 Portugal 27,068.89

22 Greece 25,953.58

23 Poland 25,247.21

24 Hungary 25,019.03

25 Latvia 23,793.48

26 Croatia 20,947.34

27 Romania 19,743.54

28 Bulgaria 17,925.79

International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015

OECD, Agricultural support estimates (Edition 2015)

USA EUROZONE ASIA

Mobility of capital and labour

Flexibility of wages and prices

Similar business cycles ?

Fiscal transfers

AEC (Asian Economic Community)

A E C

Adopting ‘FULL CUMULATION’

All steps in the manufacturing processes in countries are

taken into account for origin determination

Idea from TPP

AEC (Asian Economic Community)

A E C