power system operation question

7/30/2019 Power System Operation Question

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VINAYAKA MISSIONS UNIVERSITY

AARUPADAI VEEDU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

M.E.(POWER SYSTEMS ENGINEERING)/II nd Semester

SUBJECT : POWER SYSTEM OPERATION

UNIT I:

Part A:

1. Define Connected load?

2. What is the need for load forecasting?

3. What are the types of load forecasting?

4. Mention different types of loads?5. What are the advantages of load forecasting?

6. Give the classification of short-term load forecasting?

7. Define Load factor?

8. Define Coincidence factor?

9. Define Maximum demand?

10. Define Average demand?

11. Define Diversity factor?

12. Define Plant use factor?

13. What is meant by load duration curve?

14. Define Load?

15. Draw the load curve and load duration curve?

Part B:

1. Explain a) Daily load curve b) Monthly load curve c) Annual load curve?

2. Explain about different types of load forecasting?

3. A thermal power house spends Rs.30lac/annum for coal used in power house. The

coal has the calorific value of 5000kcal/kg and cost Rs.300/ton, if the power

house has the thermal efficiency of 33% and electrical efficiency of 90%. Find the

average load on the power house.


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4. The recorded peak loads from 1990 to 1996 of an area. Project the load upto

2007. (Use exponential equation)

Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996Peak

load(MW)

57 59 74 75 81 89.5 98.9

5. The recorded peak loads from 2000 to 2006 of an area. Project the load upto

2014. (Use exponential equation)

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Peak

load(MW)

56 59 70 75 81 89.5 98.9

6. Explain about different types of load?

UNIT IIPart A:

1. What is Spinning reserve?

2. What is Cold reserve?

3. What is Hot reserve?

4. What are the difficulties to find unit commitment solution?

5. state the unit commitment problem?

6. What is the need for unit commitment?

7. List the constraints that are accounted in unit commitment problem?

8. Define minimum uptime?

9. Define minimum downtime?

10. What is the constraint for brute force technique?

11. What is meant by crew constraint?

12. What are the assumptions for priority list method using FLAPC?

13. What are the advantages of using forward dynamic programming method?

14. What is meant by priority list method?

Part B:

1. Explain briefly the constraints on unit commitment problem?

2. Explain the steps involved in solving the FLAPC?


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3. Obtain the priority list of unit commitment using full load average production cost

for the given data for the load level of 900MW.

F1 = 392.7+5.544P 1+0.001093P 12

F2 = 217+5.495P 2+0.001358P 22

F3 = 65.5+6.695P 3+0.004049P 32

Generation limits:

150 P1 600MW

100 P2 400MW

50 P3 200MW

There are no other constraints on system operation. Obtain an optimum unit commitment

table.

4. Explain with a neat flow chart the procedure for finding the solution for unit

commitment problems using forward DP method?

5. There are three thermal generating units which can be committed to take the

system load of 800MW. The fuel cost data and generation operating limit data are

given below. Obtain an optimum unit commitment using brute force enumeration

technique.

F1 = 600+7P 1+0.006P 12

F2 = 400+8P 2+0.01P 22

F3 = 500+6P 3+0.008P 32

Generation limits:

100 P1 400MW

50 P2 300MW

150 P3 500MW

Power demand = 800MW.


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6. Determine priority list using full load average production cost for the data given.

Loading Limits Fuel cost parameter

Unit No Min Max . a i bi c i Fuel cost

1 100 400 0.006 7 600 1.1

2 50 300 0.01 8 400 1.2

3 150 500 0.008 6 500 1.0

Unit III:

Part A:

1. What is the purpose of economic dispatch?2. Name the methods of finding economic dispatch?

3. What is meant by total generator operating cost?

4. List the various constraints in the modern power systems?

5. What are the advantages of using participation factor?

6. What is lagrangian multiplier?

7. What are the assumptions for deriving loss coefficients?

8. Define incremental efficiency?

9. What is exact coordination equation?

10. Write the coordination equation neglecting losses?

11. Write the relationship between and power demand when the cost curve is

given?

12. What are loss coefficients?

13. Draw incremental fuel cost curve?

14. Write the quadratic expression for fuel cost?


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Part B:

1. Derive the exact coordination equation?

2. Derive coordination equation for economic dispatch neglecting losses?

3. Derive coordination equation for economic dispatch including losses in the power

system?

4. The fuel cost of two units are given by,

F1 = 1.6+25P G1+0.1P G12 Rs/hr;

F2 = 2.1+32P G2+0.1P G22 Rs/hr.

If the total demand on the generators is 250MW, find the economic load scheduling of

the two units.

5. A power plant has three units with the following cost characteristics:

C1 = 700+23.5P G1+0.05P G12 Rs/hr;

C2 = 850+20P G2+0.2P G22 Rs/hr.

C3 = 960+18P G3+0.09P G32 Rs/hr.

Maximum and minimum loading allowable on each unit are: 150MW and 40MW. Find

the optimal scheduling for a load of 275MW.

UNIT IV:

Part A:

1. What do you mean by base load method?

2. What are the factors affecting the cost of generation?

3. When do discontinuities occur in the fuel cost curve and the incremental cost

curve?

4. What is the difference between LFC and economic dispatch controller?

5. What is merit order scheduling?

6. What are all the point to be noted for a economic load dispatch including

transmission losses?

7. Explain the term incremental operating cost of a power system?

8. How is incremental operating cost related to economic dispatch?

9. Write the quadratic expression for fuel cost?

10. What is system incremental cost?


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11. What is participation factor with respect to economic load dispatch?

12. What is base load?

13. How can the economic controller to be added as the tertiary loop of LFC control?

Part B:

1. Formulate the economic dispatch problem and derive the exact co-ordination

equation?

2. Describe the flow chart for obtaining the optimum dispatch strategy of N-bus

system taking into account the system transmission loss?

3. Consider the two bus system, there are no base loaded units with G1 and G2 both

being under control. The units are assumed to have quadratic cost function of the

type. How should the units shared the total load P D?4. A plant has two generators supplying the plant bus and neither is to operate below

20MW nor above 135MW. Incremental cost with P G1 and P G2 in MW are

(dF1/dP G1) = 0.14P G1 + 21 Rs/MWhr

(dF2/dP G2) = 0.225P G2 + 16.5 Rs/MWhr

For economic dispatch, find the plant when the demand equals (a) 45MW (b)

125MW (c) 250MW.

5. The transmission loss coefficients are given by

0.01 -0-0003 -0.0002

Bmn = -0.0003 0.0025 -0.0005

-0.0002 -0.0005 0.0031

Three plants A, B, C supply powers of 50MW, 100MW and 200MW. Calculate

the transmission loss in the network in p.u value and the incremental transmission

loss of three plants. Assume base value = 200MVA.

6. The incremental costs of two units are:

(dC1/dP G1) = 0.08P G1 + 16 Rs/MWhr

(dC2/dP G2) = 0.08P G2 + 12 Rs/MWhr

Power loss is given by P L = 0.001P G12 + 0.0024P G22 0.001P G1PG2. Determine the

optimum scheduling for a load of 100MW.


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UNIT V:

Part A:

1. What is meant by energy evaluation?

2. Define capacity interchange?

3. Define Energy banking?

4. What is meant by diversity interchange?

5. Define Emergency power interchange?

6. Give the types of power pools?

7. What is meant by multiple utility interchange transactions?

8. What is meant by unit commitment?9. What are the advantages of power pools?

10. What does Wheeling mean in transmission system?

11. Define ACE?

12. What is meant by load dispatch?

Part-B:

1) Describe the economy interchanger between interconnected utilities.

2) Explain interutility economy energy evaluation.

3) Explain about interchange evaluation with unit commitment.

4) Explain about multiple-utility interchange transactions.

5) Write short notes on:

a) Capacity interchange

b) Energy Banking

c) Diversity interchange

d) Emergency Power interchange

6. Explain about power pools.

7. Explain about transmission effects and issues.

power system operation question

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