power from the waves. global ocean wave energy resource (annual averages in kw/m width of wave)
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Power from the waves
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Global ocean wave energy resource(annual averages in kW/m width of wave)
3249
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25
33
97
50
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15
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38
48102
92 70
38
19
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5038
12
3414
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43
7884
7248
37
10
20
18
41
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Masuda buoy
Japanese wave-powerednavigation buoy, firstintroduced in 1960’s.Overall diameter 3m.Air turbine and 60W
generator, powered byoscillating water column.
Output stored inlead-acid batteries.
Flotation chamber
Oscillating air flow
Generator
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NorwegianOWC schematic
Generator
Wells turbine
Circular splash guardwith annular spacefor air flow to turbine
OWC chamber
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Norwegian OWC
500 kW prototypedevice on shoreline
near Stavanger.
Concrete OWCchamber toppedby steel tubular
tower. Single-rotorWells turbine.
Constructed in1985, destroyed by
storm in 1988
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Prototype oscillating water column device, Portnahaven, Islay.Wells turbine and generator rated at 75 kW. Constructed
in 1985, de-commissioned in 1999
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Islay prototype OWC schematic
OWC chamberWells turbine
Generator
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500 kW rated, shoreline mounted oscillating water columndevice near Portnahaven, Islay
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Aerial view of tapered channel wave power plant
Tapered channelSea
Reservoir
Turbine house (250 kW)
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Wave Dragon
A Danish design: the arms amplify the incoming waveswhich spill over into a central chamber. Power take-off
uses simple low-head hydro power technology
An artist’simpression
of the device.
At full scale,it would be260 m wideand woulddevelop up to 4 MW
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A 1/4.5 scale prototype Wave Dragon during sea trialsoff the Danish coast, 2003
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Cockerell raft wave energy converterFunded under UK wave energy programme in the 1980s
Segmentedraft flexes
under waveaction. Powertake-off usinghigh-pressure
hydraulics.
1/10-scaleprototype
tested in theEnglishchannel
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Salter’s DuckFunded under UK wave energy programme in the 1980s.
Schematic view of cross-sectionAngular motion between duck and spine actuates
hydraulic pumps for power take-off
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Testing of ducks at about 1/10 scale in Loch Ness, late 1980s.Each duck is free to take up its own angular position relative
to the common spine
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1/7 scale Pelamisin sea trials in the
Firth of Forth nearEdinburgh, 2001
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Pelamis power conversion module
Hydraulic ram
High pressureaccumulator
Hydraulic motorand generator
Fluid reservoir
Hinged joint
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Pelamis 750 kW prototype in transit to Orkney test centre
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