Power Factor CorrectionPower Factor Correction

KWKVA

KVAR

Reasons behind P.F correctionsReasons behind P.F corrections

Power Factor is the ratio between Power and Apparent Power

Motors

Formula P.FFormula P.F

P.F = watts/va

Or

P.F = P/S

Power Factor ImprovementPower Factor Improvement

Over Correction Individual power factor correction

Motor or Inductive Load

Power Factor Correction Capacitor

Motor Control Switch

Power Factor ImprovementPower Factor Improvement

Group power factor correction

Distribution Panel #1

Distribution Panel #2

Distribution Panel #3Power Factor

Correction Capacitors

Capacitor Control Switches

Utility P.F CorrectionUtility P.F Correction

centralized automatic power factor correction

Common Types of CapacitorsCommon Types of Capacitors

3 Phase Capacitor3 Phase Capacitor

ReactorsReactors

Shunt Reactors

Series Reactors

Underground NetworksUnderground Networks

Edmonton downtown network Calgary downtown network

Benefits of Power Factor Benefits of Power Factor CorrectionCorrection

Reduce electrical costs.

Reduce load losses of the distribution system. I²R Loss

Increase the system's capacity.

Maintain a better voltage regulation on the system.

Improves P.F.

SafetySafety

Capacitors hold charges

High Quality Capacitors

Capacitors in transit

Rules for P.F Calculations Rules for P.F Calculations

Power input in a load is what the utility see as load

P= KW or W

Rules Rules

Power is constant KW or Watts

Output power is what the customer sees KW or Watts

RulesRules

Cal. All Power Values @ original P.F 1Cal. All Power Values @ original P.F 1stst

SSmm PPmm QQmm

Cal. All Power Values @ New P.F (corrected p.f)Cal. All Power Values @ New P.F (corrected p.f) Using Pm – Using Pm – constantconstant SScorcor and Q and Qcorcor or Delivered or Delivered

RulesRules

Find the Qreq or the Q of the cap required to correct Find the Qreq or the Q of the cap required to correct the P.Fthe P.F

QQcapcap = Q = Qm m - Q- Qcorcor

Cal Size of Cap’s Xc valueCal Size of Cap’s Xc value Xc = EXc = E²/Qcap²/Qcap

RulesRules

Cal the Cap size to μF Cal the Cap size to μF C=1 x 10C=1 x 106 6 / 2 / 2пп f Xc f Xc

Assume 60 HzAssume 60 Hz

RulesRules

Size the cap for total bank size if required per individual Size the cap for total bank size if required per individual cap divide by 3cap divide by 3

Remember Power is Remember Power is alwaysalways constant constant

Qt = √S² - P²