Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 1

Powder Metallurgy Titanium and Titanium Alloy Components Manufactured from Hydrogenated

Titanium Powders

Georg I. Abakumov, V.S. Moxson , Vladimir Duz, Mykhailo Matviychuk, Viktor Sukhoplyuyev

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 2

• INGOT BASED (WROUGHT) TITANIUM• ENORMOUS ENERGY INPUT• EXTENSIVE PROCESSING and MACHINING• HIGH SCRAP RATE – LOW “BUY to FLY”  • LONG LEAD TIME TO FINISHED PRODUCT• HIGH COST = USE LIMITED to “COST IS NO OBJECT” APLLICATIONS!• As the Commercial Aviation industry grows in the “post recession” economic 

recovery, strain on the supply of titanium and DRIVE UP THE COST of Titanium and Titanium Components!

• THE FUTURE OF TITANIUM IS TITANIUM POWDER METALLURGY!

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 3

• ADMA HYDROGENATED TITANIUM POWDER BASED COMPONENTS • REQUIRE LESS PRECIOUS ENERGY AT EVERY STEP OF PRODUCTION • HAVE  “BUY to FLY” APPROACHING 1 TO 1 (LITTLE OR NO SCRAP)• SHORT LEAD TIME TO PRODUCTION OF FINISHED COMPONENTS

• WITH NO SACRIFICE INPERFORMANCE • ADMA TiH2 COMPONENTS MEET AND SURPASS ASTM, MIL 

DTL 46077, AND AMS AT A FRACTION OF THE COST

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 4

Processing Steps for Blended ElementalTitanium Alloy Parts Production

Powder

RollingFlat (foil, sheet, plate)

Round (bar, rod)

Post-Processing Outside vendorsADMA Titanium P/ M “in house” Processes

Die Press

Direct Powder Rolling

Cold Isostatic Pressing

Vacuum Sintering

Finished product

Rotary Forging

Extrusion

FlowformHIP

Vacuum Sintering

Wire drawing

Forging

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 5

Wednesday June 20, 2012 Dr. Sami El‐Soudani, The Boeing CompanyDr. Kuang‐O (Oscar) Yu and Ernie M. Crist, RTI International Metals, Inc.Dr. Vladimir S. Moxson and Dr. Vladimir Duz ADMA Products Inc.

The feasibility of rolling process development has been successfully demonstrated at RTI…using initial rolling preforms of blended‐elemental hydrided titanium powder billets fabricated by ADMA using their titanium hydride (“hydrogenated”) powder blended with master alloy aiming at Ti‐6AL‐4V composition… All elements of the pre‐rolling billet preforms…were within AMS Specification limits…showed equivalent or superior tensile properties as compared to rolling processed wrought ingot‐based Ti‐6AL‐4V billet materials… The Boeing executed text matrix included processing‐microstructure‐property correlations of tensile properties, S‐N fatigue life, fatigue crack growth rate…fracture toughness per ASTM‐E399‐K1C…and stress‐corrosion resistance…

Development and Optimization of Rolled Product Forms Using Blended‐Elemental Powder‐Based Ti‐6AL‐4V Alloy

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 6

Wednesday June 20, 2012 Dr. Sami El‐Soudani, The Boeing CompanyJohn Fanning, Megan Harper, Dr. Stephen Fox, Timet, Inc.Dr. Vladimir S. Moxson and Dr. Vladimir Duz ADMA Products Inc.

The feasibility of rolling process development has been successfully demonstrated at RTI…using initial rolling preforms of blended‐elemental hydrided titanium powder billets fabricated by ADMA using their titanium hydride (“hydrogenated”) powder blended with master alloy aiming at Ti‐6AL‐4V composition… 

All elements of the pre‐rolling billet preforms…were within AMS Specification limits…showed equivalent or superior tensile properties as compared to rolling processed wrought ingot‐based Ti‐6AL‐4V billet materials… The Boeing executed text matrix included processing‐microstructure‐property correlations of tensile properties, S‐N fatigue life, fatigue crack growth rate…fracture toughness per ASTM‐E399‐K1C…and stress‐corrosion resistance…

Development and Optimization of Rolled Product Forms Using Blended‐Elemental Powder‐Based Ti‐6AL‐4V Alloy

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 7

Development and Optimization of Rolled Product Forms Using Blended‐Elemental Powder‐Based Ti‐6AL‐4V Alloy

Ti-6Al-4V rolling billetsBoeing/ADMA/RTI/TIMET Sami M. El‐Soudani, 

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 8

RTI‐Rolled Blended‐Elemental Ti‐6Al‐4V Billets Met Specification Requirements and Matched Properties of Wrought Ingot Alloy 

Initial Rolling Passes Were Performed by Straight Rolling ADMA Billets From 4” Down to 2”, 1”, and 0.5”‐Thick Plates at Niagara Specialty Metals, Inc., Then Followed by Final Cross (or Spread) Rolling at RTI International Metals, Inc.

Sami M. El‐Soudani, 

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 9

Sami M. El‐Soudani, 

RTI‐Rolled Blended‐Elemental Ti‐6Al‐4V Billets Met Specification Requirements and Matched Properties 

of Wrought Ingot Alloy Material and 

Processing HistoryProduct 

Form Sheet / Plate ‐Optimized

Number of Tests Used in Average Values

Statistical Measure: Average *Maximum *Minimum *

UTS[ksi]

YS[ksi]

Elon. [%] Fracture Toughness KIC 

or KC[ ksi.inch½ ]

BE Ti‐6Al‐4V Powder CIP/Sintered then Hot 

Rolled and Mill Annealed 

Plate 10 Average 144 130 15 67

Sheet 34 Average 152 135 9 131

Double‐Arc Remelt Ingot Hot Rolled and 

Mill Annealed Standard Grade 

Ti‐6Al‐4V 

Plate 2 Average 138 126 13 79

Sheet 8Average 132 121 10 147

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 10

Our Plate Mill Product Processing Optimization at RTI Demonstrated High Fatigue Endurance Limits Matching Double-Arc-Remelt Wrought Ingot-Based Ti-6Al-4V Standard-Grade Alloy

Similarly Rolled Product FormsPlate Product Form Pedigree: Powder

Versus Ingot

Plate Identification and Rolling

Vendor

Plate GeometryAs-Tested per ASTM E 466

KT = 1 for S/N Fatigue Life[inches]

Original As-Sintered Rolled Billet Thickness[inches]

Fatigue Endurance

Limit [ksi]

Blended-Elemental Powder-BasedTi-6Al-4V Plate Product

RR4-2A (RTI) 27.7 x 7.2 x 0.480 4.0 88.0

RR2A (RTI) 13.1 x 6.9 x 0.970 4.1 72.5

Double Arc-Remelt Ingot-Based Plate W1 (RTI) 16.7 x 16.7 x 0.975 4.0 82.0

Sami M. El‐Soudani et al, Metall. and Mat. Trans. A ‐ Vol.41A, 2010

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 11

Our Sheet Mill Product Processing Optimization at RTI Demonstrated High Fatigue Endurance Limits Matching

Double-Arc-Remelt Wrought Ingot-Based Ti-6Al-4V Standard-Grade Alloy Similarly Rolled Product Forms

Sheet Product Form Pedigree: Powder

Versus Ingot

Sheet Identification and Rolling

Vendor

Sheet Geometry as Tested per

ASTM E 466 KT = 1 for S/N Fatigue Life[inches]

Original As-Sintered Rolled

Billet Thickness[inches]

Fatigue Endurance

Limit [ksi]

Blended-Elemental Powder-Based

Ti-6Al-4V Sheet Product

RR1E (RTI) 13.5 x 7.7 x 0.131 4.2 68RR3D (RTI) 17.2 x 7.5 x 0.065 1.0 81

RR4-2C (RTI) 17.4 x 7.5 x 0.073 4.1 77

Double Arc-Remelt Ingot-Based Sheet

W2D (RTI) 16.9 x 8.6 x 0.076 4.0 85.5

W2C (RTI) 14.5 x 8.1 x 0.127 4.0 67

Sami M. El‐Soudani, 

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 1212

Material and Processing History

Product Form Sheet / Plate -

Optimized

Number of Tests Used in Average

Values

Statistical Measure:

UTS[ksi]

YS[ksi]

El.-[%]

KIC or KC[ ksi.inch½ ]

BE Ti-6Al-4V Powder CIP/Sintered then

Hot Rolled and Mill Annealed

Plate 8 Average 142 130 12 63

Sheet 18 Average 148 139 12 128

Double-Arc Remelt Ingot Hot Rolled

and Mill Annealed Standard Grade

Ti-6Al-4V

Plate 2 Average 138 126 13 79

Sheet 8 Average 132 121 10 147

Timet-Rolled Blended-Elemental Ti-6Al-4V Billets Met SpecificationRequirements and Matched Properties of Wrought Ingot AlloySami M. El‐Soudani, 

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 1313

The Boeing Company Goal was Near-Net Sheet Rolling Mill Product with the Lowest Overall Rolling Reduction Factor, the Best Property Balance, and Sintered Billets as Thin as 0.75”

The ADMA Hydrogenated Titanium Billet T4-2 (as-Sintered Dimensions 0.709 x 8.5 x 11 inches)

was Rolled Successfully at Timet and Easily Met Tensile, Fracture Toughness and Fatigue S/N Requirements!

Sami M. El‐Soudani 

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 1414

Our Sheet Mill Product Processing Optimization at Timet Demonstrated High Fatigue Endurance Limits Matching

Double-Arc-Remelt Wrought Ingot-Based Ti-6Al-4V Standard-Grade Alloy Similarly Rolled Product Forms

Sheet Product Form Pedigree: Powder Versus

Ingot

Sheet Identification and Rolling

Vendor

Sheet Geometryas Tested per

ASTM E 466 KT = 1[inches]

Original As-Sintered Rolled Billet Thickness[inches]

Fatigue Endurance

Limit [ksi]

Blended-Elemental Powder-Based

Ti-6Al-4V Sheet Product

T2.2.2 (Timet) 10.2 x 6.2 x 0.114 1.8 78

T4.2A-9 (Timet) 10.2 x 7.1 x 0.067 0.709 82

Double Arc-Remelt Ingot-Based Sheet

W2D (RTI) 16.9 x 8.6 x 0.076 4.0 85.5

W2C (RTI) 14.5 x 8.1 x 0.127 4.0 67

Sami M. El‐Soudani

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 15

General Conclusions on Blended–Elemental Ti‐6Al‐4V Rolled Plate and Sheet Mill Product

The blended elemental RTI and TIMET‐hot‐rolled Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy mill products met the AMS Specification mechanical property 

requirements for both static loading, as well as damage tolerant fracture toughness and cyclic S/N fatigue endurance limit for 

aerospace applications. • Encouraging powder‐based rolled mill product form properties of 

Ti‐6Al‐4V using optimized processing pathways shows static tensile, and fatigue S/N, and fracture properties matching similarly‐processed ingot‐based hot‐rolled product forms. 

Boeing/ADMA/RTI/TIMET

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 16

ADMA-fabricated Ti-6AL-4V blended elemental powder-based billets were extruded successfully by Plymouth Engineered Shapes, Inc.

Extrusions (up to 27 feet length) were fabricated and analyzed at front, mid-length, and back and found to be uniform with respect to oxygen content & microstructure. Longer and larger cross-section fabrication is a non-issue in this process.

AIRFRAME STRUCTURESCanless Extrusion Process Development for B/E Powder-Based Titanium Ti-6AL-4V Alloy

The Boeing Company and Plymouth Engineered Shapes, Inc.

Sami M. El‐Soudani et al, Metall. and Mat. Trans. A ‐ Vol.41A, 2010

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 17

ADMA-fabricated Ti-6AL-4V blended elemental powder-based billets were extruded successfully by RTI International Metals, Inc. for The Boeing Company

36’-Long Extrusions Cut-up for Shipping and Laboratory Characterization

Ti-6Al-4V Ultimate Strength, (psi) Yield Strength, (psi) Elongation, % Reduction of Area, %

ADMA P/M 134,000 – 135,000 156,000 – 157,000 12.5 - 12.9 28.2 - 28.3

Ingot Based 125,000 – 127,000 140,000 – 142,000 12.4 - 12.6 26.9 - 27.6

AIRFRAME STRUCTURESCanless Extrusion Process Development for BE Powder-Based Titanium Ti-6AL-4V Alloy

RTI, International Metals, Inc.

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 18

ADMA P/M Ti‐6Al‐4V Commander’s Hatch“… passed with flying colors, met the forging spec requirements, as well as the plate spec requirements (MIL‐DTL‐46077)… THIS IS THE BEST RESULT WE HAVE SEEN FROM ANY P/M 

BASED, NO MELT, LOW COST MATERIAL.” (BAE 7‐6‐2010)

Al V Fe C N O H Y Ti Other, Each Other, Total

CIP/Sinter 6.16 4.21 0.080 0.009 0.021 0.179 0.0018

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 19

Sample 1 Sample 2 SPEC

UTS (PSI) 146,300 152,500 130,000

0.2% YS (PSI) 131,800 138,900 120,000

ELONGATION, % 13.0 13.0 10.0

R. A., % 26.4 25.2 20.0

ASTM E8 ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE TEST

P/M Blended Elemental Ti-6Al-4V Commander’s Hatch Pre-Form Produced from Hydrogenated Ti Powder

(These 220 lb ADMA Titanium Powder Metallurgy platescan replace 400 lbs of steel plate on the hatch of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle)

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 20

Large Powder Metallurgy ProductsLow-oxygen P/M Ti-6Al-4V Billets from

ADMA Hydrogenated Ti Powder

Ti-6Al-4V billet 8.50” x 12.0” x 52.0” 725 lbs

Chemistry conforms to AMS 4911L

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 21

ADMA Direct Powder Rolling Mill- 50 Million Lbs/Year Armor Plate Production

Capacity

0.25” thick plate was successfully rolled at ADMA facility

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 22

P/M Ti-6Al-4V (Low Oxygen) Plates- ADMA Hydrogenated Ti powder

0.75” thick 0.50” thickCold Isostatic Pressing

Sintering

Rolling

L – LongitudinalLT – Long transverseST – Short transverse

LLT

ST

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 23

ADMA P/M Ti-6Al-4V alloy Barsfor the IBIF Fred Sert Program

Cold Isostatic Pressing

Sintering

Extrusion RollingRotary Forging

ADMA P/M Ti-6Al-4V Extruded bars

Ti-6Al-4V UTS ksi YS, ksi El., % RA, %

ADMA P/M 148 – 152 142 – 145 19.8 - 22.8 28.2 - 28.3Ingot Based 140 - 143 125 – 127 19.4 - 21.1 26.9 - 27.6AMS 4928R 135 Min. 125 Min. 10 Min.

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 24

Fracture Mode: Extruded Material, Tensile Tested

Fracture initiation location: center of specimen

Fracture mode: microvoid coalescence or dimple mode

Fatigue Test Results

Maximum Load (lb) Maximum Stress (ksi) Cycles to Failure Diameter (in)

INGOT 5880 119 1,014,725 0.251

ADMA Ti P/M 5880 119 3,716,462 0.250

Blended ElementalADMA P/M Ti-6Al-4V BARS Outperform High Cost Ingot Based Products

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 25

P/M Ti and Ti alloy Hollow Cylinders for US NAVY Tubes and Pipes

CIP

VacuumSintering

ADMA Hydrogenated Ti Powder

Flowform

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 26

• Piping for LPD (Titanium CP Grade 2), approx. 20,430 feet per ship, weighing approx. 130,000 lbs

DensityCu‐Ni   0.323 lb/in3

CP Ti   0.163 lb/in3

• Titanium pipe saves 178,000 lbs per LPD compared to Cu‐Ni pipe system, improving fuel efficiency and reducing life cycle maintenance cost of the pipe system

USS SAN ANTONIO (LPD 17)

Low Cost Titanium Pipe for Naval Applications

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 27

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 28

Titanium or Titanium Alloy Components

Die Pressing

Sintering

Near Net Shape

Die Pressing + Sintering

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 29

Titanium or Titanium Alloy Components for Aerospace Applications 

Near Net ShapeDie Pressing + Sintering

Material Composition, %

N C H Fe O Ti

CP Ti washers 0.015 0.016 0.0014 0.14 0.206 Bal.

ASTM B 348 Grade 2 0.030 0.080 0.015 0.20 0.250 Bal.

CP Ti washers

Material Composition, %

N C H Fe O Al V Ti

Ti-6Al-4V washers 0.019 0.014 0.0014 0.05 0.263 6.32 4.23 Bal

ASTM B 817-98, Type I

0.04 0.10 0.015 0.40 max

0.30 5.50 –6.75

3.50 –4.50

Bal

Ti-6Al-4V washers

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 30

Ti-3Al-2.5V Components for Aerospace Applications

Die Pressing

Sintering

30

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 31

Metal Porous Membrane Sheets by Direct Powder Rolling Process

Direct Powder RollingMetal

Powder BLEND

FINISHED SHEET

POWDER ROLLING

RE-ROLLSINTER

ANNEAL

Binder Filler

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 32

Direct Powder Rolling of Ti Alloy Foil, Sheet, and Plate at ADMA

0.25” thick plate

0.010” thick Ti foil

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 33

Porous Titanium Sheets/Plates

“Cracking Oxygen from Water -Life Support Systems for the US NAVY, AIRFORCE, and NASA

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 34

Porous ADMA Titanium Electrode - High Capacity Storage of Wind and Solar Energy

• High capacity storage batteries for wind and solar generated energy

• Improved costs and asset utilization• Lower maintenance, longer life span, enhanced reliability• Greater penetration of renewable energy technologies• Reduction in green house gas emissions

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 35

Manufacturing Continuously Re-Enforced Ti-6Al-4V Sheet and Plate by Direct Powder Rolling Ti alloy Blend

with Graphite or Alumina Fibers (S&T)Preliminary experiments demonstrated the feasibility to produce continuously re-enforced Ti-6Al-4Vplates with Carbon or Alumina fibers (S&T) by using low cost ADMA direct powder rolling or loosesintering P/M processes.

The fiber loading fraction can be tailored. ADMA can increase the volume % of fibers in compositematerial. In some cases a hot temperature consolidation (HIP or hot pressing) is required toconsolidate to full density.

Direct powder rolling/SinterCold isostatic pressing/Sinter

Loose sintering

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 36

Porous Titanium Tube Sleeve/Flange

Cold Isostatic Pressing

Sintering

Cold Isostatic Pressing

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 37

Ti‐6Al‐4V Al V Fe C N O H Ti Other, Each Other, Total

ADMA  TiH2 5.83 3.72 0.29 0.017 0.029 0.189 0.012 Bal.

Georg Abakumov, Director Business Development, ADMA Products, Inc.October 7‐10, 2012 • Atlanta, Georgia, USA 38

TITANIUM FOR THE MOST CRITICAL DEFENSE, AEROSPACE AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

HYDROGENATED TITANIUM POWDER METALLURGY CAN MEET THE CURRENT INDUSTRIAL, DEFENSE, AND AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS for

TITANIUM by PROVIDING ANY COMPONENT CURRENTLY MADE.

LOW COST/ HIGHEST PERFORMANCE ADMA HYDROGENATED TITANIUM POWDER WILL BRING the OVERWHELMING BENEFITS OF TITANIUM TO A

BROADER RANGE OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS.

THE FUTURE OF TITANIUM IS TITANIUM POWDER METALLURGY!

THANK YOU FOR YOUR INTEREST!