potentials of biomass in thailand · manioc esculenta potential of cassava for thailand rhizome...
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Potentials of Biomass in Thailand
GIZ Berlin, Germany
5 March 2012
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran, Kesetsart University
Major Agricultural Crops
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Cassava Sugarcane Oil palm Paddy Rice Maize
Manioc esculenta
Potential of Cassava for Thailand
Rhizome
Root
Stem
Leaves
Cassava, Yuca, Mandioa,
Manioc, or Tapioca
Height: 1.75-3 m
Cultivating time: 8-12 months Rhizome
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Saccharum officinarum
Sugarcane, or Cane
Height: 2-5 m
Cultivating time: 10-12 months
Potential of Sugarcane for Thailand
Top Leaf
Outer leaf
Bagasse
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Elaeis guineensis
Oil Palm
Height: 15-18 m
Cultivating time: 25-30 years
Potential of Oil Palm for Thailand
EFB Fiber Shell
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Orica sativa (L.)
Paddy Rice, or Rice
Height: 0.9-1.5 m
Cultivating time: 4-6 months
Potential of Paddy Rice for Thailand
Rice Straw Rice Husk
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Zee mays (L.)
Maize, or Corn
Height: 2.5 m
Cultivating time: 4-5 months
Potential of Maize for Thailand
Corn Cob Corn Stove
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Minor Agricultural Crops
Coconut Jatropha
Soybean
Sorghum
Groundnut Kenaf Cotton
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Wood and Fast-Growing Trees
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Have brasiliensis 0.077 M ha
Rubber/Para Wood
Eucalyptus
0.8 M ha
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Wood and Fast-Growing Trees
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Acacia mangium
Acacia auriculiformis
Leucaena leucocephala
0.3 M ha
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran
Competing uses for biomass in Thailand
Biomass Residue
Conservation & Collection
Feed Fiber Fertilizer Feedstock Fuel
Final Biomass Residue
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
54.8
75.3
60.6
83.4
55
75
61
84
Barriers for utilizing Solid Biomass
Solid Biomass in Thailand
The residues are difficult and costly to transport.
It is difficult and costly to collect large quantities field residues.
The annual yields of most crops are usually unpredictable.
The costs of some residues normally have a wide range.
Some crops have a difficulty to suddenly increase the
production
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Summary
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
Thailand has a great potential to produce energy from biomass.
The excess solid biomass for energy production is:
55 M t for 2006
61 M t for 2011
84 M t for 2016
High competition in commercial agricultural residues.
Summary
Solid Biomass in Thailand
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. of Forest Products
It still has a room for non-commercial agricultural residues, but
they have a problem with collection/transportation/storing
costs.
This situation is suitable for small energy plants.
For large energy plants, plantation of wood energy is
necessary.
Thank you for your attention
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran, Kesetsart University
Questions?
Dr.Pongsak Hengniran / Dep. Forest Products