Potential Using of Renewable Energy in Telecommunication Stations

Maria de Fátima N.C. Rosolem - CPqDGlauco Ribeiro dos Santos - CPqD

Luiz Antonio Soares - CPqD Luiz Eduardo Ferreira Dias Junior - CPqD

Pamela Tobias Frare - CPqDRaul Fernando Beck - CPqD Vitor Torquato Arioli - CPqD

Increasing in Telecommunications Demand

Indicators of Brasil Telecom (Acces-million)

•Mobile phone: 157,5

•Fixed: 41,7

•Broadband: 10,4

•Cable TV: 6,6

Climatic Changes

Renewable Energy

•Solar Photovoltaic (PV)

•Wind Energy

•Storage Systems - Fuel Cell

Solar Photovoltaic (PV)

Solar Photovoltaic (PV)

Projeto Data Center - Affordable Internet Services Online Inc.

Technology Pros and Cons

•Clean Energy

•Silent

•“Free” and Infinite

•Modular

•Well suitable for stand

alone applications

•Low maintenance costs

•Long lifetime

•Simple operations

•High cost

•Low efficiency

•Efficiency Degradation

•Storage systems

•Operating conditions

(poor light conditions)

•Temperature sensibility

•Low power density

Wind

Technology Pros and Cons

•Clean Energy

•Easy to manufacture

•Suitable for

• Large applications

• Stand alone systems

• Connected with the grid

•Competitive Price

•Huge unexplored

potential

•Noise and visual

pollution

•Competitive Price

•Low capacity factor

•Operating conditions

(seasons and wind

speed dependence)

•Heavy Infrastructure to

install

Fuel Cell

HeatyElectricitOHOH 222

Available Technologies

Fuel Cell Technology

Temperature range (ºC)

Fuel Market Availability

AFC 50 - 200 H2 (pure)

O2 (pure)

Commercial (??)

PEMFC 60 - 80 H2 (99,95%)

O2 (from air)

Commercial (Stationary)

PAFC 100 - 200 H2

NG

Commercial

MCFC 600 - 750 NGH2

Pre - commercial

SOFC 800 - 1000 NGH2

Pre - commercial

DMFC 60 - 80 Methanol Under development

Stationary application - Telecom

• Electrochemical device – DC

supplier;

• It is a suitable solutions in extreme

conditions;

• It helps in a low carbon footprint;

• It is a interesting solution more,

not is the BEST solution. It is better

when used combined with other

energy sources (batteries, PV and

wind)

Technologies Pros and Cons

• Run time

• Environment

temperature resistance

range (- 25 º to 45 º C)

• Silent

• Clean Energy

• Life time

• Low Maintenance

• No recharge time

• Remote control

• Start up

• High cost

• Poor field database

• Hydrogen cost

• Refueling

• Standards and codes

Hybrid Systems

Hybrid System PV - Wind - Diesel - São Tomé - Brazil

Average Prices (U$/Kw)

•Fuel cell – U$ 3,000/Kw

•Solar Photovoltaic – U$ 400 – 1,000/Kw

•Wind Energy – U$ 0,11 – 0,22 /Kwh *

* Last prices in Brazil

Conclusions

•Today the people are more consciences about the environments

•In Brazil the using the renewable energy in telecommunications

companies is small

•This type the energy is expensive, it is necessary the incentive

programs

*

Maria de Fátima N. C. Rosolemmfatima@cpqd.com.br55 19 3705-7124