Potential of Knowledge Potential of Knowledge Management in DRR in IndiaManagement in DRR in India

G. Padmanabhan, UNDP-India

NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2010 -2011

  2010 2011

Natural disasters 373 308 (384 decadal average)

Total deaths 296,800 32,816

Total affected 207 million 206 million

Estimated damage 109 billion USD 380 billion USD

Year 2011

• Most expensive in terms of disaster losses - spate of disasters affecting developed countries.

• Higher economic losses in developed countries, fewer people affected and less loss of life.

• Realization that investment in DRR and preparedness cheaper than reconstruction.

• Positive trends and promising developments- – greater emphasis on disaster risk reduction and

preparedness– better communications during crises– post-disaster recovery and reconstruction follow “build

back better” concepts– development of standards

No. of Disasters in 2010-2011Afghanistan; Bangladesh; Bhutan; India; Iran Islam Rep; Maldives;

Nepal; Pakistan; Sri Lanka;

Country Number Simple %

Afghanistan 7 10.94

Bangladesh 8 12.5

Bhutan 1 1.56

India 22 34.38

Iran Islam Rep 6 9.38

Maldives 1 1.56

Nepal 6 9.38

Pakistan 9 14.06

Sri Lanka 4 6.25

• Adjusting Disaster plans to a new and shifting “normal.” - “once-in-a-century” disaster might become a “once-in-a-generation”. New “once-in-a-century” disasters overwhelm current state of preparations.

• Methodological difficulties in measuring the effects of natural disasters, especially in measuring economic costs.

• Impact of slow-onset disasters not fully considered.

• More attention to the elderly, people with disabilities, and the poor required.

Challenges

• Extremists action increasing and pockets of Crisis Hotspots

• Political considerations over rule humanitarian need• Media coverage still determines humanitarian

funding trends• Uneven response capacities• Promoting Standards without commitment of

agencies

Challenges

Human loss during 2005-2006 to 2009-2010

Himachal 379

Uttarakhand 488

Maharashtra 749

Kerala 763

Andhra 770

West Bengal 921

Karnataka 990

Gujarat 1199

Bihar 1684

Uttar Pradesh 2763

Others 2340

Total 13046

Houses lost during 2005-2006 to 2009-2010

Gujarat 221664

Rajasthan 269252

Orissa 475618

Assam 493228

UttarPradesh 517198

Maharashtra 723325

Andhra 857027

Bihar 1089676

Karnataka 1134080

West Bengal 2096665

Others 921314

Total 8799047

Crop Area (Lakh Ha) affected during 2005-2006 to 2009-2010

Orissa 12.36

Gujarat 12.85

Rajasthan 17.36

Bihar 21.37

Maharashtra 21.52

UttarPradesh 22.87

Tamil nadu 23.34

Andhra 29.21

West Bengal 31.38

Karnataka 32.46

Others 34.43

Total 259.15

States needing attention

• Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal need special attention.

• Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh accounted for 83 % of NDRF release over the last 16 years.

• 85% area vulnerable to one or multiple disasters.• About 59% area in high seismic zone including the

Capital.• Incidence of disasters increasing• Frequency of extreme climate events increasing• Huge loss of development and resources due to

disasters • Lessons learnt not documented and shared with

other partners• Tendency to Reinvent – waste of resources• States Primarily responsible for DM-large variation in

capacity

Why do we need a platformWhy do we need a platform

• Government• Donors• INGOs and national NGOs• Red Cross• Communities

Agents of Change

The creation and subsequent management of an environment which encourages Knowledge to be created, shared, learnt, enhanced, organized and utilized in and out side the organization.

Knowledge ManagementKnowledge Management

KM framework for Disaster Risk ManagementKM framework for Disaster Risk Management

Planning & Policy decision for disaster preparedness &

mitigation

1. Hazard mapping & Vulnerability Assessment

2. Database of disaster history for trend & pattern analysis

3. Database of disaster management plan.

4. Awareness & training materials

5. Inventory of legal, techno legal, administrative and institutional framework

Quick emergency response & recovery

1. Human & material response resources database

2. Database of Infrastructure, lifelines & critical facilities.

3. Database of trained human resources.

4. Demographic information and GIS based information system

elem

ents

elem

ents

Knowledge base for disaster managementKnowledge base for disaster managementKnowledge base for disaster managementKnowledge base for disaster management

FacilitatingFacilitating

Knowledge ManagementKnowledge Management

• Better response• Empowered Government Disaster management

Department• Better utilization of Resources and services• Integration into mainstream development• Effective monitoring• Promoting replication of best practices

Strengths of Knowledge Networks in Disaster Management

Knowledge ManagementKnowledge Management

Target UsersTarget Users

• National and State Governments• Panchayati Raj Institutions• Bilateral Government Agencies• Research Organisations• Statistical Organisations• Training Organisations• Insurance Companies• Banks• Public Sector Undertakings• Corporate• Children• Citizens

Knowledge ManagementKnowledge Management

Disaster Management CommunityDisaster Management Community

Solution ExchangeSolution ExchangeDisaster Management Community of PracticeDisaster Management Community of Practice

Launched in 2007, has more than 2800 membersLaunched in 2007, has more than 2800 members

e-Discussione-Discussion PublicationPublication

e-Discussione-Discussion

Priority topicPriority topic

e-Consultatione-Consultation

Draft plan/ Draft plan/ policy/ policy/

programmeprogramme

““For For Comments”Comments”

Feedback for Feedback for considerationconsideration

e-Discussione-Discussion

(or Query)(or Query)Action Group Action Group assignmentassignment

Action research; Action research; pilot; strategy; pilot; strategy;

proposalproposal

Action Group/CollaborationAction Group/Collaboration

Query serviceQuery service

ResponsesResponses Consolidated Consolidated ReplyReplyQuestionQuestion

Community of Practice- ServicesCommunity of Practice- Services

thank you