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POTENSIOMETRI Edi Nasra, S.Si., M.Si

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Page 1: POTENSIOMETRI - rikypeacechemistry.files.wordpress.com€¦ · PPT file · Web viewExample 3: what is the concentration of Fe3+ in an electrochemical cell similar to that shown in

POTENSIOMETRI

Edi Nasra, S.Si., M.Si

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SEL VOLTA

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Potensial Sel

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Example 1: What are the anodic, cathodic and overall reactions responsible for the potensial in the elecrochemical cell shown here? Write the shorthand notation for the electrochemical cell

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Example 2: what is the potential of the electrochemical cell shown in example 1 (Eo

Fe3+/Fe2+ = +0.771 V ; Eo AgCl/Ag = +0.2223 V

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Example 3: what is the concentration of Fe3+ in an electrochemical cell similar to that shown in example 1 if concentration of HCl in the left-hand cell is 1.0 M, the concentration of FeCl2 in the right-hand cell is 0.0151 M and the measured potential is +0.546 V

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Potentiometric Cells84,2 mV

Indicator Electrodes Eind

Salt Bridge, Ej

Refrence Electrodes Eref

Esel = Eind – Eref + Elj

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Liquid Junction Potentials

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Elektroda yang mempunyai harga potensial tetap dan konstan dan tidak dipengaruhi konsentrasi analit dalam larutan

Elektroda Pembanding

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Elektroda Hidrogen Standar

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Elektroda Kalomel

Besarnya potensial sel:• jika digunakan KCl

jenuh + 0.2440 V• jika [KCl] 3.5 M maka E

= +0.2500 V• jika [KCl] 0.1 M maka E

= +0.3356 V

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Elektroda Ag/AgCl

Besarnya potensial:• jika digunakan KCl jenuh E =

0.199 V• jika digunakan KCl 3.5 M maka E

= 0.205 V

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Elektroda Indikator

Elektroda yang potensialnya bergantung pada konsentrasi zat yang sedang diselidiki

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Elektroda Kerja Logam Elektroda Jenis Pertama

Logam yang dicelupkan kedalam larutan ionnyaContoh: logam tembaga yang dicelupkan ke dalam larutan ion Cu2+

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Elektroda Jenis Pertama

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Elektroda Jenis KeduaElektroda logam yang dicelupkan ke dalam larutan yang dijenuhkan dengan garam sukar larut dari ion logam tersebut.

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Elektroda Jenis Kedua

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Example 4:

Calculate the formation constant Kf for Ag(CN)2

- if the cell:SCE || Ag(CN)2

- (7.50 x 10-3 M, CN- (0.0250 M)| Ag develops a potential of -0,625 V

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Elektroda RedoksElektroda logam inert dicelupkan ke dalam larutan yang mengandung ion yang dapat mengalami reaksi reduksi/oksidasi di permukaan elektroda tersebut. Elektroda ini tidak terlibat dalam reaksi tersebut.

Contoh: Fe3+, Fe2+Pt

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Elektroda Membran

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Selektifitas Membran

[A]E dan [I]E adalah konsentrasi analit dan pengganggu yang memberikan nilai potensial sel yang sama

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Penentuan Tetapan Selektifitas

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Elektroda Gelas

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Mekanisme Timbulnya PotensialH+(lar.) + Na+Gl-(mem.) Na+(lar.) + H+Gl-

(mem.)

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Mekanisme Timbulnya PotensialH+Gl-(mem.) H+(lar.) + Gl-(mem.)

Membran

Larutan

BatasMembran-

Larutan

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ESI Kalsium

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Aktivitas vs Konsentrasi

Jika tetap

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Ionic Strength AdjusterKekuatan Ion ()

.......}][][]{[5,0 222 CBA ZCZBZA

3,31

51,0log

2

xZ

Debeye-Huckel

=diameter efektif ion

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Analisis Kuantitatif Method of external standards

What is the concentration of Ca2+

in the water sample if its cell potential is found to be -0.084 V?

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Quantitative Analysis Method of Standard AdditionsContoh: The concentration of Ca2+ in a sample of sea water is determinedusing a Ca ion selective and a one point standard addition. A 10.00 mL sample is transferred to a 100 mL volumetric flask and diluted to volume. A 50.00 mL aliquot of sample is placed in a beaker with the Ca ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode, and the potential is measured as -0.05290 V. A 1.00 mL aliquot of a 5.00 x 10-2 M standard solution of Ca2+ is added, and a potential of -0.04417 V is measured. What is the concentration of Ca in the sample of sea water?

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Titrasi Potensiometri Elektroda kerja dan elektroda pembanding

dicelupkan ke dalam larutan analit. Potensial sel diamati selama penambahan

titran. Titik akhir ditentukan dari kurva titrasi

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Titrasi Potensiometri

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The titration curve