potato project

Nicoleta-Florina Bica

My crop –Potatoes


Winter wheat Potatoes

Rape Maize

Previous crop :winter wheat

Ph 4,5 – 5,5 Soil ph 5,5JB:6

For our farm we have 200 milking cows holstein, 40 heifers and 70 calves.For the farm we have 180 ha of land.

Animal units:200/0.75= 266 animal units from milking cows.

40/2= 20 animal units from heifers.

70/3.7= 19 animal units from calves.

Total animal units: 266+20+19=305 animal units.

Ha of land:We have 1,7 animal units per ha.305/1.7= 180 ha of land.


Kg of N:One animal unit its equal to 100 Kg N from slurry tank.305×100=30500 N.

We have 5 Kg of N per tonnes.30500/5=6100 tonnes of manure in one year from the cows.

We must have 170 Kg N per Ha.170/5=34 tonnes per Ha (manure that we need for one Ha.)

• NPK represents the key constituent chemical elements Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) used in plant fertilizers.

• N - Nitrogen: promotes the growth of leaves and vegetation• P - Phosphorous: promotes root growth• K - Potassium: promotes flower and fruit growth

Ph 4,5 – 5,5 Soil ph 5,5

Plowing

When you plow the field for potatoes the depth is around 18 cm because the seed bed must be between 8- 10 cm depth made with the harrow.

Sowing depth for my crops

Potato: Most producers plant seed pieces from 10 to 15 cm below the peak of the planter hill. Plants from seed pieces planted close to the surface will emerge earlier. However, soil temperatures near the surface may be too high for maximum tuber set. Shallow planting will cause the tubers to set high in the hill, increasing the risk of tuber greening and frost. Depending on soil moisture and temperatures, seed pieces that are planted too deep may have a higher incidence of decay.


Seed sorting, TVG ,Sorting before planting :

Seed in kg./ ha =

Desired number of plants per. m2 x TGV

Percentage field germination

Sorting before planting is done twice; once in the storage area and again in the field before the seed potatoes are planted. Sort in the storage area by removing those seeds damaged by pests and disease. You should not plant seed potatoes damaged by pests and disease. Another important characteristic to pay attention to when sorting is the uniform length of the shoots. In the field, seed potatoes that have been damaged in transport should also be separated out.

Fertiliser

We put fertiliser 5 cm below the tuber and 10 cm to either side of the tuber.


Important things to know when applying fertilizer are:

• Plants’ nutrient requirements in relation to estimated yield.

• Quantities of nutrients in the field available for plants.

Use for spraying:Amistar,Karate 250WG

Spraying for weeds ,insects,fungus:

Price: - kg: 176,00 kr. per total pesticide needed: 50*176 = 8800,00 kr.

-tractor work: 7.750,00 kr.

-per ha: (8800,00+7.750)/50ha = 331kr / ha.

Price: - kg: 125,00 kr. per total pesticide needed: 6250,00 kr.

-tractor work: 7.750,00 kr.

-per ha: (6250,00+7.750)/50ha = 280,00kr/ha

Diseases :Bacterial diseases Bacterial wilt Blackleg or soft rot Common scab Fungal diseases (mold) Late blight Early blight Fusarium wilt Viral diseases Leafroll virus Potato Y virus Mosaic virus

Other cost:

Plowing :700dkk/ha

Planting :350dkk/ha

Cultivation :250dkk/ha

Harvest :600dkk/ha


Irrigation:

Good irrigation systems: Prevent the field from flooding. Prevent the entry and spread of water-borne diseases. Make it easy for water to enter the field when plants need it, especially in the dry season.

Harvest :

Harvest time is influenced by potato prices and weather. When prices and weatherare favorable, you can harvest a bit earlier and spread the produce out for a few daysto allow tuber skins to harden. However, when prices and weather are not favorable,you can delay harvesting. Harvesting in the rain might cause tubers to rot. Youshould not delay the harvest for more than 10 days, as delays of any longer willcause more tubers to become damaged by pests such as mole crickets, or bacterialdiseases and scab. Damaged tubers will fetch a lower selling price.

potato project

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