Tourist indexes*

General information about the two Parks

GRAN SASSO-LAGA NATIONAL PARK

Agricultural farms and surfaces

5th Symposium for Research

in Protected Areas,

10-12 June 2013, Mittersill

UNESCO BIOSPHÄRE ENTLEBUCH

* Only Abruzzo Region (in total 44 Municipalities and 150,000 ha Park surface)* * excluded the city of L'Aquila, 72,696 inhabitants in 2010

Agricultural land uses (ha)

ParkGuardian

RestaurantsGuardian Farmers

Tourists,Inhabitants

Slow FoodMinistry of

Agriculture

LAZIOLAZIO

ABRUZZOABRUZZO

MARCHEMARCHE

The role of protected areas for rural tourism: a depiction of Swiss and Italian cases

Rita SALVATORE1, Emilio CHIODO2, Fabian KÜHNEL-WIDMANN3

1University of Teramo, Faculty of Communication sciences (Italy), rsalvatore@unite.it

2University of Teramo, Faculty of Bioscience and technology for food agriculture and environment (Italy) echiodo@unite.it

3Fabian Kühnel-Widmann, Hochschule Luzern – ITW (Schweiz) fabian.kuehnel-widmann@hslu.ch

It has become more and more evident that natural parks will realize their conservation goal as far as the use of territory by human activities will happen according to a deeper synergy with an active maintenance of biodiversity.

THEORETICAL APPROACH PURPOSE STATEMENT

The interaction between environmental policies, agriculture and destination promotion generates a situation that fosters quality in local development of mountainous regions and maintains agricultural biodiversity.

How and at what extent protected areas can contribute to protect and enhance the production of high quality regional products through the promotion of particular niche tourisms?The depiction of two protected areas (in Italy and in Switzerland) helps in understanding the relation between these processes and the territorial context.

ISSUE QUESTION

The parks’ role in enhancing local productions

Gran Sasso Laga park’s projects - 4 Slow Food presidia (Canestrato di Castel

del Monte, Pecorino di Farindola – both sheep milk cheese – Mortadella di Campotosto, Lenticchie di S. Stefano)

- Network of Guardian Farmers (about 140 farmers who are safeguarding traditional cultivation at risk)

- Network of Guardian Restaurants which are available to use the protected and autochthonous species in their recipes.

Echt Entlebuch (real Entlebuch) labelIt is now well known for its rural character

and distinctive historical grown and well maintained sense of culture and origin.

- over 300 labeled products of comestibles and natural products (dairy, meat, herbs, tea, honey, jams, syrup, liquors, pastry and wooden handcrafts)

- over 50 farms/enterprises with their outstanding quality. .

Surface: about 150,000 haLocated in the Apennines Mountains in Center Italy3 regions involved (Abruzzo, Lazio and Marche) 44 municipalities (40 in the Abruzzo region)229 minor historical settlementsElevation: from 219 meters to the highest peak of the Apennines, Corno Grande (2,912 meters)Instituted by law in 1991, operative from 1995Main characteristics: protection of natural and cultural landscape; the landscape matrix, no longer supported by the related traditional economies, is slowly but progressively disappearing high percentage of aged residents, daily or weekly commuting to the cities and valleys, low entrepreneurial vivacity big number of small and often nonprofessional farms intensively imbedded in the social context tourist establishments +81% (beds +42%), overnights +38% in last 10 years the number of beds in non conventional touristic establishments (agrotourism, B&B, etc.) passed from 35% to 56% of total in 10 years

Surface: 39,451 ha Located in Central Switzerland in the Major valley of the river Emme, between the cities of Berne and Lucerne Inhabitants 17.000 Elevation: from 620 meters to the peak of the Brienzer Rothorn (2,349 meters) Land use: woods (43%), farmland (30%), mountain pastures (18%), human settlement (3%) , unproductive surface of moor and rocks (7%). More than 50% under special protection, mainly to preserve moors. In 2001 Entlebuch was registered as a biosphere reserve by the UNESCO. Main characteristics: model region for responsible economic activity and sensible management. Even skis and electric power are produced by ‘partners’ of the UBE agriculture is the most important economical activity and it heavily dominates the landscape the share of people working in the first sector (agriculture and forest) is at 34.2% (a national record) a big share of up to 40% derives from additional income, like agro-tourism and other multifunctional activities

General informationGRAN SASSO

LAGAECHT

ENTLEBUCHNumber of Municipalities * 40 7Municipalities' Surface (ha) 227.800 39.600Park Surface (ha) 125.284 39.600Altitude of Municipalities mslm (min / max) 263 1.420 620 1.159Population Year 2010** 62.615 16.638

Var. % population 2010/2000 -1,4 -1,2Average population for municipality 1.606 2.377

Tourist indexes GRAN SASSO

LAGAECHT

ENTLEBUCHAverage stay (days) 4,1 1,9Occupancy rate (days) 62 77Tourist function (%) 2,5 4Tourist density 0,9 1,7Tourist intensity 1,6 3,1

* Only hotels; excluded the city of L'Aquila

Agricultural farms and surfacesGRAN SASSO

LAGAECHT

ENTLEBUCHNumber of farms 5.176 974

Organic 163 60

With direct selling 1.730 25

UAA (Utilized Agricultural Area) (ha) 61.554 18.568Variation % UAA 2010/2000 2,8

UAA / Territorial surface (%) 27,0 46,9

GRAN SASSO LAGA ECHT ENTLEBUCHCrops 19.204 Intensively used agricultural land 11.000Permanent crops 3.154 Alpine farming 6.200Grasslands 38.961 Extensively used agricultural land 3.000Cows (number) 12.918 27.500Sheep (number) 67.437 4.500