poster draft from bioengineering’s capstone design course
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Poster Draft from Bioengineering’s Capstone Design Course. Nice background, title bar and headings. Too much white space between headings and text in each section. Mission statement should be one sentence; needs emphasis. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Poster Draft from Bioengineering’s Capstone
Design Course
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Nice background, title bar and headings
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Mission statement should be one sentence; needs emphasis.
Increase white space to the left of the text/bullets in this vertical white panel. Bullets and corresponding text should be closer together.
Too much white space between headings and text in each section.
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Punctuate sentences.
Cut “Currently”; emphasize with bold/color: “There is no standardized . . .”
“Limited” how?
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Label image and cut caption
What about the other prototypes?
Use different size or bold font to emphasize the difference between regular text and figure caption.
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Word choice? Dimensions?
Consider placing Design Objectives before your Solution.
Design doesn’t address this issue.
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Use r2; too many sig figs?
Tests and results are buried in captions.
Separate the testing of prototypes.
Multiple tests for multiple prototypes
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Good spacing of bullets here, but use different style for sub-bullets.
Lots of space for something not done.
Avoid jargon.
Caption font & line spacing should be smaller.
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Too many words obscure key point.
Evidence?
Is it like in the body?
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
Could use smaller font for Acknowledgments and References.
Bullets are different sizes.
Add Brown Foundation Teaching Grant.
Revised poster . . .
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTeam T.I.N.Y., Rice University
Theodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon [email protected]
Mission StatementWe aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is ready for immediate implantation through a single-step surgical procedure.
Motivation for SpiralATClinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement
•90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant.
•Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer.
•Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma.
Current Approaches Sub-optimal
•Tracheal resection is limited because reconstruction after resection is not feasible.
•Radiation is not fully reliable because studies show inconsistent outcomes in effectiveness.
•Case-by-case artificial tracheas have been built, but require multi-staged surgeries that are impractical for patients with urgent needs.
There is no standardized solution.
Design ConceptDesign Objectives
Design Components
•Synthetic materials allow immediate use.
•Helical geometry provides stability and flexibility.
•Exterior casing promotes tissue integration.
Solution: The SpiralAT
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Future WorkBiocompatibility Studies in Canines
•Quantitative analysis of skin flap integration
by measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point.
•Qualitative endoscopy of tissue ingrowth and dehiscence.
Conclusion•Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step
surgery.
•Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene double-helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration. The Double Spiral DPT is the most promising.
•Testing: The SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent
deformation or fracture.
Acknowledgements We’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, Rice University’s Department of Bioengineering, and the Brown Foundation Teaching Grant.
References•Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S,
Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
•Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
•US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002
•American Cancer Society 2006
DimensionsDimensions 3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter6 cm length6 cm length
Functional Range Functional Range of Motionof Motion
Flexibility in Flexibility in flexion/extension flexion/extension
(flex/ext) and lateral (flex/ext) and lateral bendingbending
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
Stable and Stable and Sufficient Sufficient
VascularizationVascularization
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Single Spiral Rice was the stiffest, followed by Double Spiral DPT and Single Spiral DPT. Adding an additional helix to the Single Spiral DPT increased stiffness. (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load resulted in elastic deformation. Double Spiral DPT was stiffer than Single Spiral DPT. (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The three versions of the SpiralAT have different structures and are made of different materials. Each version consists of 2 components, a helical support structure and a shell.
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Load
(N
)
Deformation (mm)
Single Spiral Ricek = 7.3 N/mm
Single Spiral DPTk = 0.011 N/mm
Double Spiral DPTk = 0.16 N/mm
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Single Spiral Ricek = 1.2 N/mm
Double Spiral DPTk = 0.65 N/mm
Single Spiral DPTk = 0.10 N/mm
Load
(N
)
Deformation (mm)
A) Single Spiral Rice B) Single Spiral DPT C) Double Spiral DPT
polypropylenemesh
polyethylene
polypropylenemesh
polyethylenepolyethylene
polyethylene
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTheodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon Kim
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, [email protected]
s
Mission Statement
We aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is:• Ready for immediate implantation in life-threatened
patients • Performed in a single-step surgical procedure
Motivation for Artificial Trachea
Clinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement• 90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant• Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby
throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer
• Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma
• Currently, there is no standardized solution
Current Approaches Sub-optimal• Tracheal resection: limited for secondary tumors• Radiation: studies vary in conclusions of effectiveness• Case-by-case artificial trachea: multi-staged surgeries,
impractical for patients with urgent needs
Solution: The SpiralAT
• Ready for immediate implantation• Helical geometry provides increased stability and
rigidity• Porous mesh allows for enhanced tissue integration
Design Objectives
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Biocompatibility Testing
Future Clinical Studies in Canines• Quantitative analysis of extent of skin flap integration
• Measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point of the trachea
• Qualitative endoscopy• Tissue ingrowth • Inflammation• Granulation tissue formation• Wound dehiscence • Tracheal extrusion/migration
Conclusion
• Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step surgery
• Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration
• Preliminary tests show that the SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent deformation or fracture
References
• Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S, Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
• Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
• US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002• American Cancer Society 2006
AcknowledgementsWe’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael
Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, and Rice University’s Dept. of Bioengineering.
Flexibility in flexion/extension Flexibility in flexion/extension (flex/ext) and lateral bending(flex/ext) and lateral bending
Functional Range of Functional Range of MotionMotion
3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter
6 cm length6 cm lengthSpecific SizeSpecific Size
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Stable and Sufficient Stable and Sufficient VascularizationVascularization
Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Increasing BLANK shows increasing BLANK (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load results in elastic deformation for flex/ext and lateral bending (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The SpiralAT consists of 2 separate components, a polyethylene helical support structure (A) and a polypropylene mesh shell (B)
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Deformation (mm)
Load
(N
)
R2 = 0.9911
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
A
B
SpiralAT: First Generation Artificial TracheaTeam T.I.N.Y., Rice University
Theodore John, Insiya Hussain, Nicole Campuzano, and Yoon [email protected]
Mission StatementWe aim to provide the first artificial trachea unit that is ready for immediate implantation through a single-step surgical procedure.
Motivation for SpiralATClinical Significance of Tracheal Replacement
•90% of primary tracheal cancers are malignant.
•Of the 90,000 new cases/year of cancers in nearby throat tissues, 25-50% will develop into secondary tracheal cancer.
•Other patients suffer from congenital defects and physical trauma.
Current Approaches Sub-optimal
•Tracheal resection is limited because reconstruction after resection is not feasible.
•Radiation is not fully reliable because studies show inconsistent outcomes in effectiveness.
•Case-by-case artificial tracheas have been built, but require multi-staged surgeries that are impractical for patients with urgent needs.
There is no standardized solution.
Design ConceptDesign Objectives
Design Components
•Synthetic materials allow immediate use.
•Helical geometry provides stability and flexibility.
•Exterior casing promotes tissue integration.
Solution: The SpiralAT
Mechanical Testing
3-point bending test
Compression test
Future WorkBiocompatibility Studies in Canines
•Quantitative analysis of skin flap integration
by measuring cross-sectional area at the most stenotic point.
•Qualitative endoscopy of tissue ingrowth and dehiscence.
Conclusion•Need: Readily implantable, tracheal replacement performed in a single-step
surgery.
•Solution: Standardized artificial trachea unit that comprises a polyethylene double-helical structure for stability and a polypropylene mesh for good tissue integration. The Double Spiral DPT is the most promising.
•Testing: The SpiralAT allows for flexible motion without any permanent
deformation or fracture.
Acknowledgements We’re grateful for the support of Dr. Peirong Yu, Dr. Michael Liebschner, Dr. Maria Oden, Kevin Bowen, Eugene Koay, Cain Project, Rice University’s Department of Bioengineering, and the Brown Foundation Teaching Grant.
References•Glatz F, Neumeister M, Suchy H, Lyons S,
Damikas D, Mowlavi A., A tissue-engineering technique for vascularized laryngotracheal reconstruction, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Feb;129(2):201-6
•Fujiwara T, Maeda M, Kuwae K, Nakagawa T, Nakao K., Free-prefabricated auricular composite graft: a new method for reconstruction following extended hemilaryngectomy, Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Mar;58(2):153-7
•US Dept of Health and Human Services Cancer Statistics 2002
•American Cancer Society 2006
DimensionsDimensions 3.3-3.5 cm diameter3.3-3.5 cm diameter6 cm length6 cm length
Functional Range Functional Range of Motionof Motion
Flexibility in Flexibility in flexion/extension flexion/extension
(flex/ext) and lateral (flex/ext) and lateral bendingbending
BiocompatibilityBiocompatibility Scar tissue < 10% of total Scar tissue < 10% of total surface areasurface area
Stable and Stable and Sufficient Sufficient
VascularizationVascularization
> 90% of tissue > 90% of tissue vascularizedvascularized
Fig. 2. Simulation of flex/ext using a tennis ball covered crosshead to distribute the force across a wide area of the sample
Fig. 3. Single Spiral Rice was the stiffest, followed by Double Spiral DPT and Single Spiral DPT. Adding an additional helix to the Single Spiral DPT increased stiffness. (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 4. Simulation of flex/ext lateral bending using an angled wedge attached to upper crosshead used to focus compressive force on one side
Fig. 5. Increasing load resulted in elastic deformation. Double Spiral DPT was stiffer than Single Spiral DPT. (crosshead speed=20 mm/min, max extension=10 mm)
Fig. 1. The three versions of the SpiralAT have different structures and are made of different materials. Each version consists of 2 components, a helical support structure and a shell.
Fig. 6. Post-operative examination of an artificial trachea in canine throat
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Load
(N
)
Deformation (mm)
Single Spiral Ricek = 7.3 N/mm
Single Spiral DPTk = 0.011 N/mm
Double Spiral DPTk = 0.16 N/mm
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Single Spiral Ricek = 1.2 N/mm
Double Spiral DPTk = 0.65 N/mm
Single Spiral DPTk = 0.10 N/mm
Load
(N
)
Deformation (mm)
A) Single Spiral Rice B) Single Spiral DPT C) Double Spiral DPT
polypropylenemesh
polyethylene
polypropylenemesh
polyethylenepolyethylene
polyethylene
Nice job formulating a mission statement from the original text bullets. Bold text treatment works well. Definition of the problem and affected population is effective. Using red text calls attention to need for standardization, which is one of your primary design goals.
Switching the order of the sections devoted to Design Concept and Solution provides a more logical sequence.
Great juxtaposition of the images and graphs in Mechanical Testing. However, presenting the results as captions under the graphs diminishes their prominence and makes it harder to determine whether your design achieved what you set out to do.