post-symposium art studies 02 the making art reflecti ql!ll · ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru"...

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TheMaking of Art with Contemporaries Post-Symposium Reflecti_Ql!ll 098 Art Studies_02 inauguration of the Asia Pacific Triennial of Contemporary Art (APT) in Brisbane, and the circulation of the first inaugural issue of the Art and Asia Pacific magazine, as well as the first editions of the publications edited by Caroline Turner and John Clark, a situation which projected the "affinities and common experiences, active propositions into modernities, their context and trajectories of artistic productions ." Mashadi described how these publica- tions imparted more than mere country entries, and facilitated a curatorial mode of mapping thematic features, as was manifested in the Singapore Art Museum's inaugural exhibition . The cultural exchange programs that contributed to the formation of the nascent contempo- rary art scene in Asia was also distinct in that they were not set up to engage with the region, but to engage "within" the region, as Carroll emphasized . The organization which was founded with major funding from the Australia Council and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was the Asialink program, where Carroll worked during the 1990s on programs consisting of not only of touring exhibitions, but also residencies and curatorial projects that took more effort and time to produce tangible outcomes. Carroll apologetically pointed to the gradual decline of Australian national government's support and interest in the arts in the region after Keatings' term, but the investments made in the 1990s have succeeded in bearing some fruits . The organizer of APT, the Queensland Art Gallery, for example, opened a new wing on its premises in 2009, and also raised a generation of curators specializing in the Asian contemporary art. Noteworthy is their acqui- sition process which is , according to Mashadi, "very much marked by the interest in terms of engaging and negotiating directly with artists ." Singapore, on the other hand, has experi- enced more anxiety in building its collection (What "if the right Juan Luna is simply unavailable "), because it is more of "an attempt to engage with national histories." Kishi presented Japan's engagements with the region, taking the examples of the initiatives taken by the City of Fukuoka through the programs at Fukuoka Art Museum which eventu- ally led to the inauguration of the Fukuoka Asian Art Museum in 1999, and the Japan Foundation, through its programs first at the ASEAN Culture Center, and later the Asia Center. Kishi pointed to how it was perhaps necessary for Fukuoka to focus on contempo- rary art in Asia as a unique content that distinguished itself among the growing number of public museums, which were built during the booming years that started in the late 1980s. Kishi also pointed to how the Japan Foundation's exhibition in 1992, "New Art from Southeast Asia 1992," imparted a new experience to the public museums, providing them with an opportunity to network by themselves. As the "Japanese museums had generally depended on the financial support and know-how of newspaper sponsors, and the name- appeal of masterpiece works," the collaboration with the Japan Foundation "showed the potential for creating unique initiatives and networks that did not rely on pre-existing institu- tions ." It is interesting that Kishi saw the Japan Foundation's projects as significant in dem- onstrating an alternative approach to exhibition making. The exhibitions subsequently staged by these municipal museums included works that were explicitly political and pro- grams that directly engaged their local audiences with the artists . These new approaches demonstrated their potentials as worth investing. But as we know today, although Fukuoka continues to directly organize their exhibitions related to Asian contemporary art, the prac- tice did not prevail and turn the Japanese public museum system around, although it had the potential to do so. Having walked through the three presentations, Asia, during the 1990s, could be taken as a concept that functioned like a media : for Singapore, to compare the state of contemporane- ity and historicity; for Australia, to build institutional foundation; and for Japan, to open an alternative channel to the existing system . Hoash1Ak1

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Page 1: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

~ The Making of Art with Contemporaries

Post-Symposium Reflecti_Ql!ll

098 Art Studies_02

inauguration of the Asia Pacific Triennial of Contemporary Art (APT) in Brisbane, and the circulation of the first inaugural issue of the Art and Asia Pacific magazine, as well as the first editions of the publications edited by Caroline Turner and John Clark, a situation which projected the "affinities and common experiences, active propositions into modernities, their context and trajectories of artistic productions ." Mashadi described how these publica­tions imparted more than mere country entries, and facilitated a curatorial mode of mapping thematic features, as was manifested in the Singapore Art Museum's inaugural exhibition .

The cultural exchange programs that contributed to the formation of the nascent contempo­rary art scene in Asia was also distinct in that they were not set up to engage with the region, but to engage "within" the region, as Carroll emphasized . The organization which was founded with major funding from the Australia Council and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was the Asialink program, where Carroll worked during the 1990s on programs consisting of not only of touring exhibitions, but also residencies and curatorial projects that took more effort and time to produce tangible outcomes.

Carroll apologetically pointed to the gradual decline of Australian national government's support and interest in the arts in the region after Keatings' term, but the investments made in the 1990s have succeeded in bearing some fruits . The organizer of APT, the Queensland Art Gallery, for example, opened a new wing on its premises in 2009, and also raised a generation of curators specializing in the Asian contemporary art. Noteworthy is their acqui­sition process which is , according to Mashadi, "very much marked by the interest in terms of engaging and negotiating directly with artists ." Singapore, on the other hand, has experi­enced more anxiety in building its collection (What "if the right Juan Luna is simply unavailable "),

because it is more of "an attempt to engage with national histories."

Kishi presented Japan's engagements with the region, taking the examples of the initiatives taken by the City of Fukuoka through the programs at Fukuoka Art Museum which eventu­ally led to the inauguration of the Fukuoka Asian Art Museum in 1999, and the Japan Foundation, through its programs first at the ASEAN Culture Center, and later the Asia Center. Kishi pointed to how it was perhaps necessary for Fukuoka to focus on contempo­rary art in Asia as a unique content that distinguished itself among the growing number of public museums, which were built during the booming years that started in the late 1980s.

Kishi also pointed to how the Japan Foundation's exhibition in 1992, "New Art from Southeast Asia 1992," imparted a new experience to the public museums, providing them with an opportunity to network by themselves. As the "Japanese museums had generally depended on the financial support and know-how of newspaper sponsors, and the name­appeal of masterpiece works," the collaboration with the Japan Foundation "showed the potential for creating unique initiatives and networks that did not rely on pre-existing institu­tions ." It is interesting that Kishi saw the Japan Foundation's projects as significant in dem­onstrating an alternative approach to exhibition making. The exhibitions subsequently staged by these municipal museums included works that were explicitly political and pro­grams that directly engaged their local audiences with the artists . These new approaches demonstrated their potentials as worth investing. But as we know today, although Fukuoka continues to directly organize their exhibitions related to Asian contemporary art, the prac­tice did not prevail and turn the Japanese public museum system around, although it had the potential to do so.

Having walked through the three presentations, Asia, during the 1990s, could be taken as a concept that functioned like a media : for Singapore, to compare the state of contemporane­ity and historicity; for Australia, to build institutional foundation; and for Japan, to open an alternative channel to the existing system .

Hoash1Ak1

Page 2: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

Chapter 1 099

So what have the efforts in the 1990s brought to the current art scene in this region, which is witnessing the development of new large-scale museums in Singapore and Hong Kong, staging of art fairs and biennales/trienna les regularly in different cities, and mobilization of artists, taking residencies at different locations? And what is, therefore, the role of the public institutions today?

Mashadi points to the fact that securing multiple sites of cu ration is yet to be achieved . This resonates with what Doryun Chong said about avoiding state funding to colonize artistic autonomy. One of the significance of Goethe-lnstitut's activities in the region in the 1990s was their governments' arms-length approach to their programs. Goethe-lnstitut is the one, for example, that introduced Joseph Bueys to Singapore. Many local artists were influenced by encountering Bueys' art. Promoting art, which is subversive, conceptual, and free in form, or, simply put, contemporary, is an example that demonstrates what a public institu ­tion can achieve.

As we historicize the 1990s, those involved in the government-led initiatives within the region recognize the benefits of government intervention in the cultural policies for "engaging" with the region . It may be possible to organize a set of efficient programs that yield more output today, just like the productive economic activities that cross the borders within the region as technologies enable consolidation of channels for exchange as well as information gathering. But because we live in such an age, the institutions must be careful not to allow Asia's platform to become homogenized, and its discourses to be simply aggregated. It must recognize the value of the region's diversity, and build pro­grams that are based on plurality.

We continue to rely cin individuals who are professional and experienced, just like the 1990s. But as Carroll observed, the community rules in Asia. Many of her new colleagues are still everywhere else but the major institutions. And as Mashadi described, the strength of this region may be reliant on "a plurality of individual energies ." The best conclusion, then, may be to have the public institutions take part in the production, exchange, and engagement in the region, by providing schemes and a platform to pick up and share the different voices in the region, and provide the means to archive the knowl ­edge that comes through these voices . The findings in this symposium, then, should not be "the only knowledge" but "one of the many knowledges" that have become apparent in the engagement with Asia.

The 1990s : Asia as Medium

Page 3: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

~ The Making of Art with Contemporaries

Editor's Note

There is a difference in nuance between the Japanese and English titles of this symposium, "Hajimari wa '90s: Teman Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s: The Making of Art with Contemporaries ." There are surely those who register the dichotomy between the appeals to domestic and foreign sensibilities in these titles . Given that the symposium was being held in Japan for a Japanese audience, the Japanese title was chosen in consideration of the historical reception of Southeast Asian art in Japan, and also had to be attractive from a promotional standpoint . However, when thinking about Japan's geopolitical position at the start of the 1990s, there was some concern that the phrase " Making Southeast Asian Art" might run counter to the aims of the organizers and lead to misunderstandings. And , in truth, I personally feel that the English title's "The Making of Art with Contemporaries" is just the right expression for captur ­ing the artistic activities that so energetically unfolded across the Asia-Pacific region over the period from the 1990s to the 2000s.

For the symposium, we had the panelists give their presenta­tions reflecting on the 1990s in the context of 2015 from their respective viewpoints as curators, researchers and cultural administrators, and then asked them to contribute complete drafts of their papers for this publication . We feel the utmost gratitude toward them . Rather than simply looking back with nostalgia at the phenomenon of a time when art profession ­als across the region exerted their creative thinking, worked hard and made connections trying to improve the environ ­ment for art in their respective countries, many of the pre­senters brought an objective criticality to their papers. In this attitude I sensed an earnest desire to continue improving the art environment in 2015 and beyond. Moreover, in the edito­rial process of finalizing the papers and exchanging ideas, there were new discoveries of things that had been over­looked at the time - discoveries that hint at the next step for a Southeast Asian art environment that is currently in the process of dramatic transformation. We, too, intend to apply these hints to the art program at the new Asia Center.

Finally, I would like to once again express my thanks to Doryun Chong for his advice, as well as to Kamiya Yukie and Hoashi Aki, who supported the symposium from its plan­ning stages, and unerringly compiled the results of the symposium after its conclusion.

We hope that following The Japan Foundation Asia Center Art Studies Vol. 1: Cultural Rebellion in Asia 7960-1989, this publication will be of use to all artists, curators and research ­ers who are interested in the art of Southeast Asia .

Furuichi Yasuko

Art Coordinator The Japan Foundation Asia Center

100 Art Studies_02

Page 4: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

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Page 6: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

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Page 13: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

~ The Making of Art with Contemporaries

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Page 14: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

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Flaudette May Datuin Presentation 2

Page 16: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

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DAY1 MAY23,2015 0ff-Trackl•?\tiliil

113

01

Flauderte May Datuin, 'Land,

uxal1ty and Commun,on, Punanuu

-I Ph1hppmejo11n1,1/ oj 1he \t1J11.:1/ Art,

l...J1zon (Manila. Nac1onal Comm1ss10n

tor Culture and the Am, !C'\)2),

rr ,-1.4 0

02

[,~ !·.

03

C:rraeme Sulli\an. Ar1t1f Praai,e u,

Re. earth· /11qm,-, m 1hi \ 1111a! -\rt1

(Ca.,torn,a, London, New Delhi:

Sage Publicat1ons, 2CXJ5)

04

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06

Parmk Flor.-s, V,a the Visayas.'

P.:111u11.1u J. Phi11ppm,Jo11r,w/ of

\ uual A rt, \ '")" ( Man,l.

Na 1onal Comm1ss10n tor C ulrure

and the Am, 1999), p.11

07

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Page 17: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

~ TheMaklngolArtwtth Contemporaries

114 Art Studies_02

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Flaudette May Datum Presentation 2

Page 18: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

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115

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Daruin, jj1jj;@[Ol]0

09

Karen Flores, "Of Art and Associa­

tion: Two Artists Meer." Pananau 3:

Philippmejournal of Visual Arts/

Visayas (Manila: National Comm1s­

s1on for Culture and the Arts, 1999),

p.56.

10

llill:, p.41,

11

llilL

12

Patrick Flores, "Central Station,"

Pananau 4. Ph,lippmejournal of the

Visual Arts/Luzon (Manila: Nauonal

Commission for Culture and the

Arts, 2002), p.13.

13

Flaudecte May Daruin, "Beyond the

Tribal: Rethinkrng Mindanao,"

Pananau· 2 Philippmejournal of Visual

Arts!Minda,wo (Manila: National

Commission for Culture and the

Arts, 1998), pp. 16-29.

14

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Page 20: Post-Symposium Art Studies 02 The Making Art Reflecti Ql!ll · Ajia gendai bijutsu wo tsukuru" (It Started with the 1990s: Making Southeast Asian Contemporary Art) and "The 1990s:

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