post modern architecture
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POST MODERN ARCHITECTUREPOST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Post modern – ultra modern
One half modern and other half may be of traditional or regional language of architecture
Reason for the hybrid- failure of modern architecture to communicate
Need to use the traditional or local language and to keep up with the technological development
Double coding, hybrid
The reason behind the dualism
Elitism and populism
Pluralist culture Vs traditional culture
Taste cultures - heterogeneity
POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
There is a Disjunction between the elites who creates the building and the public who use it
Motive of the post modern architects is to deal with this disjunction
Hence post modern architecture is doubly coded half modern half conventional in its attempt to communicate with the both the public and architects
POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Late modern Post modern
It keeps the commitment to modernist value – technology, circulation and efficiency
Emphasis the city context, value of of the user, perennial arch. expression
Pragmatic pluralist
It is to keep the modernism alive
Distort to create he next transitional style
Concerned about the importance of local traditions and used ornamentationBut the role of art & ornament were different
Post modern Vs late modern late modern
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The first post modern building – the Portland building by Michael graves
AIA called it as a dog of building, juke box, turkey,
Portland
Keystone demand the attraction
Art, ornament, symbolism essential for architecture as it helps to heightens the meaning
Post modernist refused the bland, technocratic façade
The main aim is to build the building with the art, ornament, symbolism and with the language locals can understand
Sculpture in Portland building -
Portlandia - carrying trident and sheaf of corn flies over a Chinese rock (trade with the east) to crystallize meaning in away that is both modern and like ancient temple of artemis
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The death of modern architecture
Demolition of pruitt igoe housing complexFailure and demolition of Pruitt Igoe housing complexIt was based on the CIAM principle and got award from AIA in 1951Three essential joy of urbanism – sun space and greenery14 storey high rise buildingConcept of street in the air employed here – safe from the car but not safe from crime
Crisis in architecture
Hotel culture
Ancient style with the modern facilities
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Failure of hotels
Penta hotel in London with the 914 rooms – ten times larger than the hotels of then period
How big is to big?
Law of diminishing architecture – “for any building type there is an upper limit to the number people who can be served before the quality of the environment falls”
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Problem with the large/ gargantuan scale of development
Requires huge corporate architects offices – no one in the office know who is the client
Building is developed according to the formulae – style and theme
Buildings are produced for profit
It is assumed the taste of user group would be similar and cliché
The major Crisis in architecture
How the modern movement
impoverished Language of architecture on the level of form
Impoverished level of content
Impoverished social goals for it is actually built
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Univalent form
Rational and universal style of Mies and his disciples- the use of few selected materials (steel and glass)
Appropriateness and decorum in architecture – what vitruvius and Luytens wanted to have in architecture
Use of Curtain wall in housing – lakeshore drive housing
Seagram building – I beam detail
Office, housing wearing a similar look – consequentially unarticulated on a higher metaphorical level
Chicago civic centre
In the most literal level the building does not communicate the function it houses
Social and psychological meanings of this very significant building task
Underlying ideology here is – material and technology
The modern movement is fetishes with means of production
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Mies and his IIT Chicago campus
The factory – classroom
Chapel – boiler house
President temple – school of architecture
All look like alike because of the sue of material
Mies fetish with proportion of beam to the I beam panel,Set back, glass area, articulation of lines
His commitment to reductive formal values inadvertently betray the buildings
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Univalent formalist & inadvertent formalist
F L Wright - Marin civic center
Arches – roman aqua duct
Minaret – Aztec, Mayan totem pole
Compelling, kitsch/ outlandish extravagance
Still does not convey the function it houses
Lest with the works of I M Pei, Ulrich franzen, Philip Johnson, SOM architects always there is a striking form, reduced but potent image, erratic significance, unintended meaning
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Gordon Bunshaft & SOM – Hirschhorn museum
White masonry cylinder
Simplified from to communicate power, awe, harmony & sublime
Concrete box to protect the art from the people?
Aldo Rossi Italian rationalist – designed neutral buildings with the zero degree of historical relevance
The building is over simplified and monotonous –
fascist in character oppressive in meaning
Semantically erratic
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Hermann hertzberger – old age home
Many small scale places & closely grained urban fabric
It communicates humanism, care intricacy, delicacy
Alison and peter Smithson – linguistic analogy in their work
Royal crescent bath
Portico as a metaphors for large doors
Pediments as a metaphors for cheaper doors
They have realized that Architectural language depends on the traditional symbolism
They were in juncture to do something new avoid the censure of conventionality
POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
The reason behind the existence of ambiguity in the TEAM X work
Believed in machine metaphor and at the same time believed in providing essential human values – identity, personality, home coming
It would not be possible to communicate all these meaning when new language based on machine metaphor is used
Robin hood gardens - modern version of bath
Streets in the air concept
The built form denied the all the value it has
Contradictions between statement and result reached impressive proportions in modern architecture
May be due to fast changing society with its new materials ,new functions, technology
Modern architecture design building for a mythical universal man
POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Univalent content
Monopolies and big business
Architects become the liaison officer between the corporate giants and society
Peter Behrens AEG turbine factory
FL Wright Johnson wax building
Bunshaft & SOM lever brothers office tower
Euro Saarinen TWA terminal
Expression of power and concentration capita
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Great work of European modern architecture
Inception of industrial architecture
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International exhibitions and world fairs
Technical triumphs of modern society in aesthetic and experience in architecture
People focused only on their spatial and optical qualities but fail to understand the blatant nationalism and ersatz ambience it produced
POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Factories and engineering feats
House – machine metaphor
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