possibilities for an off-axis near detector at numi

Steven ManlySteven ManlyUniversity of University of

RochesterRochesterNuInt ‘02, Irvine, CANuInt ‘02, Irvine, CA15 December 200215 December 2002

Possibilities for an Possibilities for an Off-Axis Near DetectorOff-Axis Near Detector

at NUMIat NUMI

15 December 200215 December 2002 Steven ManlySteven Manly 22

Precision P(e)

Life is not so simple

QE

DIS


Understand neutrino and anti-neutrino cross-sections (both inclusive and exclusive - differential) for E = 1.5-3.0 GeV

Look at nuclear dependence of same

Possibly a useful near experiment for a NUMI far off axis experiment to do oscillations and maybe CP violation

Goals of this experiment

Useful for the JHF, MINOS programs as well! Valuable service for next generation oscillation expts.

Physics is compelling! Gives FNAL relevance in the post-LHC, lingering ILC indecisiveness or German ILC world!


Goals of this experiment

Understand neutrino and anti-neutrino cross-sections (both inclusive and exclusive - differential) for E = 1.5-3.0 GeV

Look at nuclear dependence of same

Possibly a useful near experiment for a NUMI far off axis experiment to do oscillations and maybe CP violation

Physics of this is interesting too!

Quark-hadron duality (Bodek, Jeschonnek, session 3)

measure s (Horowitz, session I)

Compare e and scattering (Wood, session 5)


Physics Goals of Detector Physics Goals of Detector Require…Require…

Identification and separation of Identification and separation of exclusive final statesexclusive final states– Quasi-elastic Quasi-elastic nn––pp, , eennee––pp

– Single Single 00, , ±± final statesfinal states– Muon and electron energy measurementMuon and electron energy measurement

Detection of NC and CC reactionsDetection of NC and CC reactions– NC reconstruction from beam ENC reconstruction from beam E constraint constraint

Different Nuclei in TargetDifferent Nuclei in Target– Nuclear physics and cross-section studies Nuclear physics and cross-section studies

benefitbenefit– Iron, Water, Hydrocarbons all far detector Iron, Water, Hydrocarbons all far detector

candidates candidates


Goals + practicality define experiment

NUMI off-axis beam - (beam exists, can tune energy, energy is appropriate for cross-section studies of interest)

Near detector (high statistics per ton)

Fully active medium (want to see recoil p)


Beam and location

Off-axis beam exploits kinematics of meson decay to produce narrow band beam

Beam spectrum determined by meson count and angle


Off-Axis BeamsOff-Axis Beams Illustration at NUMI Illustration at NUMI

near detector sitenear detector site– Peak energy shifts Peak energy shifts

lowerlower– Width decreasesWidth decreases– High energy tail High energy tail

suppressedsuppressed– Rate significantly Rate significantly

decreaseddecreased

Mimics far detector Mimics far detector flux at some flux at some angle…angle…

On Axis5m

10m

20m

On Axis

5m

10m20m

NUMI Near On and Off-Axis Beams(beam sim. courtesy M. Messier)

NUMI LEConfiguration

NUMI ME


NUMI vs. other locations/expts

NUMI Near On-AxisNUMI Near On-Axis– Flux comparison (see next slide). Flux comparison (see next slide). – Pros and cons of wideband beam.Pros and cons of wideband beam.– High E tail feed-down into NC.High E tail feed-down into NC.

JHFnuJHFnu– Will run 2008 at earliest. Designed flux Will run 2008 at earliest. Designed flux

is comparable.is comparable.– 280m fine-grained near detector for this 280m fine-grained near detector for this

physics is planned.physics is planned.•Overlap between NUMI and JHF proponents.Overlap between NUMI and JHF proponents.


Off-Axis vs On-Axis Near Off-Axis vs On-Axis Near FluxFlux

Advantages on-axisAdvantages on-axis – Higher rate. Access Higher rate. Access

to broadband beam.to broadband beam.• Better measurements Better measurements

of CC processesof CC processes

Advantages off-Advantages off-axisaxis– Narrowband beamNarrowband beam

• Reconstruction of NC Reconstruction of NC processesprocesses

– Small corrections to Small corrections to measurement of measurement of backgrounds off-axisbackgrounds off-axis

Far 0.7° OA

OA Near (LE)

Near (LE) Near (ME)

Beam

Far off-axis

Near off-axis

Near on-axis

Unit

ev/kton-yr

ev/kg-yr

ev/kg-yr

(no osc.)

69.5

68.9

34.6

e+e

0.34

0.34

0.57

NC

9.9

11.7

115.5


Alternate SitesAlternate Sites

K2K “SciBar” K2K “SciBar” DetectorDetector– Similar Similar

detectordetector– Lower rates by Lower rates by

about an order about an order of magnitudeof magnitude

– <E<E>~1.2 GeV>~1.2 GeV

K2K SciBar Event Rates

~20K Events/10 tons fid.(courtesy C. McGrew)

NUMI Near Off-AxisEvent Rates/ton


BooNEBooNE– Running now! Running now!

– <E<E>~0.9 GeV>~0.9 GeV

– Rates comparableRates comparable– No hallNo hall

CERN to GSCERN to GS– No hallNo hall– high energy beamhigh energy beam

NUMI vs. other locations/expts


Possible SitesPossible Sites

Possible locations within the NUMI TBM drifts. Possible locations within the NUMI TBM drifts. No new tunneling required…No new tunneling required…– Thanks to Rob Plunkett for navigational assistance!Thanks to Rob Plunkett for navigational assistance!


Site 1: 5-10 meters Off-AxisSite 1: 5-10 meters Off-Axis

Located in near hall access tunnelLocated in near hall access tunnel– Wide, with personnel access to near hallWide, with personnel access to near hall– Flat floor, easy access to shaftFlat floor, easy access to shaft

•RelativelyRelatively easy to bring utilities to site easy to bring utilities to site

Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

10m

5m

Ditch

4.5m

6m



Can move detector. <ECan move detector. <E>~2-3+ GeV>~2-3+ GeV– 5m gives <E5m gives <E>~2.8 GeV; can go higher but spectrum is broad>~2.8 GeV; can go higher but spectrum is broad

– Ditch at upstream end makes getting 15m off-axis (1.5 GeV) Ditch at upstream end makes getting 15m off-axis (1.5 GeV) more difficultmore difficult

Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

5 m 10 m


Site 1: Interaction RatesSite 1: Interaction Rates

Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

LE+, 10m

ME+, 10m

ME+, 5m

LE+, 5m


Site 2: 15 meters Off-AxisSite 2: 15 meters Off-Axis

Located just upstream of shaftLocated just upstream of shaft– Wide. Sloped floor (9%). Wide. Sloped floor (9%). – Close to shaft and utility sourceClose to shaft and utility source

– <E<E>~1.5 GeV>~1.5 GeV

Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

Near (LE)



Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

LE+, 15m

ME+, 15m


Kinematic region



Upstream of absorberUpstream of absorber– Wide, unfinished Wide, unfinished

tunnel. Sloped floor (9% tunnel. Sloped floor (9% grade).grade).

Not an attractive siteNot an attractive site– Far from shaft and Far from shaft and

utility sourceutility source– Interferes with absorber Interferes with absorber

utitilies? Radiation? utitilies? Radiation?

– <E<E>~1.5-3+ GeV>~1.5-3+ GeV

Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

15m



Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

LE+, 15m

LE+, 13m

ME+, 13m

LE+, 9m

ME+, 9m

ME+, 11m

LE+, 11m

ME+, 15m


Site SummarySite Summary Appropriate sites exist in the NUMI TBM tunnelsAppropriate sites exist in the NUMI TBM tunnels

– Energy Range <EEnergy Range <E>~1.5-3+ GeV>~1.5-3+ GeV

– Details…Details…•occupancy after NUMI installation (early 05?)occupancy after NUMI installation (early 05?)

•NUMI maintenance, operations conflicts?NUMI maintenance, operations conflicts?

•utilities and outfittingutilities and outfitting

•movable detector to vary angle and therefore movable detector to vary angle and therefore energyenergy

– It appears possible to avoid new excavationIt appears possible to avoid new excavation


Conceptual NUMI Near Conceptual NUMI Near DetectorDetector

Active/passive

frame around target

Modular designModular design

•Construct above Construct above ground piecewiseground piecewise

•Can add detector or Can add detector or target material as target material as another layeranother layer

Conceptual Conceptual

Active scintillator strip target



Conceptual NUMI Near Conceptual NUMI Near DetectorDetectorConceptual Conceptual



Fully active

Plastic scintillator (2x2 cm strips)

2 ton fiducial volume





Several interaction lengths for / separation

Several radiation lengths for photon conversion and electron id





Investigating the possibility of introducing layers of water-based scintillator with fiber readout





Can introduce other materials or detectors in layers




Active/passive frame around target









Active/passive frame ~contains the events and can act as a veto



Active/passive veto in front of target

Adds some material dependence



Active/passive absorber behind target for /hadron discrimination

plus magnet for charge determination



Active/passive

frame around target









Detector CapabilitiesDetector Capabilities Small fiducial volume OKSmall fiducial volume OK

– 2 tons is sufficient to get 100K events at 2 GeV2 tons is sufficient to get 100K events at 2 GeV Observe recoil protonsObserve recoil protons

– Important for Important for nn––pp, , nn––pp00, etc., etc. 00 , , –– reconstruction reconstruction

– Adds a lot of mass. Muon charge for Adds a lot of mass. Muon charge for bar mode needs bar mode needs power.power.

Embedded Materials and DetectorsEmbedded Materials and Detectors– E.g., RPC layers in plastic. R&D initially, then E.g., RPC layers in plastic. R&D initially, then

backgroundsbackgrounds– Sampling layers of thin material for nuclear targetsSampling layers of thin material for nuclear targets

• Done in past: SOUDAN2, K2K SciFiDone in past: SOUDAN2, K2K SciFi

– Oxygen Rich Targets: HOxygen Rich Targets: H22O-based scint? Acrylic?O-based scint? Acrylic?– Same sites could be used for other detector R&D testsSame sites could be used for other detector R&D tests


SummarySummary Off-Axis Near Detector forOff-Axis Near Detector for

– Neutrino Cross-section physicsNeutrino Cross-section physics– Neutrino Oscillation “Engineering”Neutrino Oscillation “Engineering”

Narrow band beamNarrow band beam Highly active, modular detectorHighly active, modular detector

– Based on scintillating plastic stripsBased on scintillating plastic strips

Candidate sites exist without new excavationCandidate sites exist without new excavation Significant work needed before proposalSignificant work needed before proposal

– Detector Design, Cost, Site Prep., MINOS Detector Design, Cost, Site Prep., MINOS CohabitationCohabitation

– Demonstration of Cross-Section Measurements under Demonstration of Cross-Section Measurements under real conditions (finite beam width, resolutions, etc.)real conditions (finite beam width, resolutions, etc.)


Those Expressing Interest…Those Expressing Interest…

R. Ent, S. WoodR. Ent, S. Wood

Jefferson LabJefferson Lab

E. Christy, C. Keppel, I. NiculescuE. Christy, C. Keppel, I. Niculescu

Hampton University and Jefferson LabHampton University and Jefferson Lab

A. Bodek, H. Budd, P. de Barbaro, G. Ginther, A. Bodek, H. Budd, P. de Barbaro, G. Ginther,

S. Manly, K. McFarlandS. Manly, K. McFarland**, W. Sakumoto, , W. Sakumoto,

P. Slattery, M. ZielinskiP. Slattery, M. Zielinski

University of RochesterUniversity of Rochester**scientific contactscientific contact



Simple More simple to move detector. <ESimple More simple to move detector. <E>~2-3+ GeV>~2-3+ GeV– 5m gives <E5m gives <E>~2.8 GeV; can go higher but spectrum is broad>~2.8 GeV; can go higher but spectrum is broad

– Ditch at upstream end makes getting 15m off-axis (1.5 GeV) Ditch at upstream end makes getting 15m off-axis (1.5 GeV) more difficultmore difficult

Shaft

Near Hall

Absorber

Far 0.7° OA

Near (LE)10m

Far 0.7° OA

Near (LE)5m

possibilities for an off-axis near detector at numi

Documents

axis beam beam

axis experiment

finegrained near detector

useful near experiment

experiment numi

detector flux

steven manlyoffaxis

axis higher rate