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7/28/2019 Portuguese I Tutorial

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Portuguese I Tutorial: Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar

wrien by & mp3s recorded by Olavo Germano de Sousa Neto

1. BASIC PHRASES

Bom dia!

Hello! / Good morning!

Boa tarde!

Good aernoon!

Boa noite!

Good evening! / Good night!

Oi/Ol! Tchau!

Hi! / Bye!

Adeus.

Good bye.

Por favor.

Please.

At mais.

See you / See you later.

At logo.

See you soon.

At amanh.

See you tomorrow.

(Muito) Obrigado.

Thank you (very much).

No h de qu.

You're welcome. / Don't menon it.

Bem-vindo

Welcome

Desculpe-me

I'm sorry

Com licena / Perdo.

Excuse me / Pardon

Vamos!

Let's go!

Como o senhor est?

How are you? (formal)

feminine: a senhora

Como vai?

How are you? (informal)

E a?

How's it going? (Only in Brazil)

Bem / Muito bem

Well / Very well

Mal / Muito mal / Mais ou menos

Bad / Very bad / More or less

Sim / No

Yes / No

Como o senhor se chama?

What is your name? (formal)

Qual seu nome?

What is your name? (informal)


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Me chamo...

My name is...

Prazer em conhec-lo

Nice to meet you.

Igualmente.

Same here.

Senhor / Senhora / Senhorita

Mister / Mrs. / Miss

De onde o senhor ?

Where are you from? (formal)

De onde voc ?

Where are you from? (informal)

Eu sou de...

I'm from...

Quantos anos o senhor tem?

How old are you? (formal)

Quantos anos voc tem?

How old are you? (informal)

Eu tenho _____ anos.

I am _____ years old.

O senhor fala portugus?

Do you speak Portuguese? (formal)

Voc fala ingls?

Do you speak English? (informal)

(No) Falo...

I (don't) speak...

Compreende? / Entende?

Do you understand? (formal / informal)

(No) Compreendo. / (No) Entendo.

I (don't) understand.

Eu (no) sei.

I (don't) know.

Pode me ajudar?

Can you help me?

Claro que sim

Of course

Como?

What? Pardon me?

Onde est / Onde esto... ?

Where is ... / Where are ... ?

Aqui

Here.

H / Havia...

There is / are... / There was / were...

Como se diz ____ em portugus?

How do you say ___ in Portuguese?

O que isto?

What is that?

Qual o problema?

What's the maer (with you)?

No importa.

It doesn't maer.

O que aconteceu?

What's happening?

No tenho idia.

I have no idea.


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Estou cansado / doente.

I'm red / sick.

Estou com fome / sde.

I'm hungry / thirsty.

Estou com calor / frio.

I'm hot / cold.

Estou chateado.

I'm bored.

No me importa.

I don't care.

No se preocupe.

Don't worry

Tudo bem / 'T bom.

That's alright.

Me esqueci.

I forgot.

Tenho que ir agora.

I must go now.

Sade!

Bless you!

Parabns!

Congratulaons!

Boa sorte!

Good luck!

a sua vez.

It's your turn. (informal)

Cale-se! / Cala a boca!

Shut up!

Eu te amo.

I love you. (informal and singular)

Noce that Portuguese has informal and formal ways of saying things. This is because there is more thanone meaning to "you" in Portuguese (as well as in many other languages.) The informal you is used when

talking to close friends, relaves, animals or children. The formal you is used when talking to someone

who is older than you or someone for whom you would like to show respect (a professor, for example.)

There are also two ways to say you in the plural, used when speaking to more than one person.

All adjecves in Portuguese have masculine and feminine forms. In general, the masculine form ends in-

o and the feminine form ends in -a.

2. PRONUNCIATION

Portuguese Leer English Sound

a like a in aer

e like e in empty or if it's at the end of a word, like ee in cheese

i always like ee

o like the sound of all but without the l sound


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u always like oo in fool

lh like lli in million but shorter

h silent

nh like ny in canyon

r in beginning of word like h in hot. Between two leers like the Italian r in Maria

rr always like h in hot

d like in English

j like in English but without the d sound. Something like zh or a hard sh

g before e and i like j. Otherwise like g in go

gue, guithe g in go followed by e or i

qua, quo

are always pronounced separately, like kwa, kwo

s between vowels, like z in zoo; otherwise like z. (In Portugal, like sh when at the end of a word.)

x somemes like sh in shi or like z in zoo

like ss

z like z in English (In Portugal, like zh when at the end of a word.)

like oe in does

like but shorter

like a in Arc

like e but shorter

like a in apple

like i but longer

like o but shorter

like o in more

like u but longer

ch like sh in shi

e like "oen"

3. ALPHABET


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a a k k u u

b b l le v v

c c m me w dbliu

d d n ne x xis

e o o y psolon

f fe p p z z

g g q qu

h ag r rre

i i s sse

j jota t t

4. DEFINITE / INDEFINITE ARTICLES & DEMONSTRATIVES

Masc. Singular Fem. Singular Masc. Plural Fem. Plural

the o a the os as

a, an um uma some uns umas

this este esta these estes estas

that esse essa those esses essas

that

aquele

aquela

those

aquelesaquelas

5. SUBJECT PRONOUNS

eu I

ns we

tu you (not used in popular speech) vs plural of tu (also not used in popular speech)

ele/ ela/ voc he / she / you (informal) eles / elas / vocs they / they / you (plural

informal)

6. TO BE & TO HAVE


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ser- to be estar- to be

ter- to have

Eu sou o novo aluno.

I am the new student.

Eu estou no meu novo carro.

I am in my new car.

Common Expressions with "to be"

to be afraid -ter medo

to be against-estar contra

to be at fault -ter culpa

to be careful -ter cuidado

to be cold -estar com frio

to be curious -ser curioso/a

to be happy -estar contente

to be hot -estar com calor

to be hungry -estar com fome

to be in a hurry -ter pressa, estar com pressa

to be jealous -ter cimes

to be lucky - ter sorte

to be paent -ser paciente

to be successful -ter sucesso

to be thirsty -estar com sde

to be red -estar cansado/a

7. QUESTION WORDS


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what o que which qual (quais)

who quem how much quanto (-a) (-s)

how como how many quanto (-a) (-s)

when quando whom a quem

where onde whose de quem

why por que*

8. NUMBERS

0 zero

1 um rst primeiro

2

dois second segundo

3 tres third terceiro

4 quatro fourth quarto

5 cinco h quinto

6 seis sixth sexto

7 sete seventh smo

8 oito eighth oitavo

9 nove ninth nono

10 dez tenth dcimo

11 onze eleventh dcimo primeiro/undcimo

12 doze twelh dcimo segundo/duodcimo

13 treze thirteenth dcimo terceiro

14 catorze/quatorze fourteenth dcimo quarto

15 quinze eenth dcimo quinto

16 dezesseis sixteenth dcimo sexto

17 dezessete seventeenth dcimo smo

18 dezoito eighteenth dcimo oitavo

19 dezenove nineteenth dcimo nono


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20 vinte tweneth vigsimo

21 vinte e um twenty-rst vigsimo primeiro

22 vinte e dois twenty-second vigsimo segundo

30 trinta thireth trigsimo

40 quarenta foreth quadragsimo

50 cinqenta / cincoenta ieth qinquagsimo

60 sessenta sixeth sexagsimo

70 setenta seveneth septuagsimo

80 oitenta eigheth octogsimo

90 noventa nineeth nonagsimo

100

cem/cento

hundredth

centsimo

1000 mil thousandth milsimo

9. DAYS OF THE WEEK

Monday segunda-feira

Tuesday tera-feira

Wednesday quarta-feira

Thursday quinta-feira

Friday sexta-feira

Saturday sbado

Sunday domingo

Today o dia

Week a semana

Weekend o m de semana

Today hoje

Tomorrow amanh


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The days from Monday to Friday have this name because they were called according to the fair (feira)

that used to take place in that day a long me ago. A "Feira" is a set of tents pitched in the street where

you can buy vegetables, fruits, and other foods.

10. MONTHS OF THE YEAR

January

janeiro

February fevereiro

March maro

April abril

May maio

June junho

July julho

August agosto

September setembro

October outubro

November novembro

December dezembro

Month o ms

Year o ano

16/04/2005 - Dezesseis de abril de dois mil e cinco.

11. SEASONS

Spring primavera autumn outono No vero means in the summer.

Summer vero winter inverno

12. DIRECTIONS

North norte east leste

South sul west oeste

Northeast nordeste northwest noroeste

Southeast sudeste southwest sudoeste


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13. COLORS

Red vermelho violet violeta

Pink rosa brown maroon

Orange laranja

dark brown

marrom escuro

Yellow amarelo black preto

Green verde gray cinza

Blue azul white branco

Light blue azul claro gold dourado

Purple roxo *rosho+ silver prateado

14. TIME

Que horas so?

What me is it?

uma hora.

It's one.

So duas, trs, quatro... horas

It's two/three/four...

meio dia.

It's noon.

meio dia e meia

It's half past noon.

meia noite.

It's midnight.

So cinco e cinco.

It's 5:05

So oito e quinze. It's 8:15

So quinze para as dez.It's 9:45

So dez para as nove. It's 8:50

So vinte e cinco para as seis It's 5:35


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So trs e meia. It's 3:30

You say meio dia e meia because its midday and a half hour (that is feminine). Dont say meio dia e

meio, though many people used to say this.

15. WEATHER

Como est o tempo hoje?

How's the weather today?

Est bonito.

The weather's beauful (nice).

Est feio.

The weather's ugly (bad).

Est frio.

It's cold.

Est quente.

It's hot.

Est ensolarado.

It's sunny.

Est ventando.

It's windy.

Est chovendo.

It's raining.

Est nevando.

It's snowing.

Est nublado.

It's cloudy.


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16. PREPOSITIONS

A at aoladode beside

com with aoredorde around

contra against pertode

near

de of, from longede far from

em in, on em frente a in front of

entre between, among em baixo de below, under

cerca de towards, about em frente de opposite

para for, in order, by atrs de behind

por for, through, along, via em cima de above

sobre on, over

at

ll, unl

sem without desde from, since

The word aer the preposion em and de somemes needs to have the arcle, so you combine the two

words.

em + o = no - em + a = na - em + um = num - em + uma = numa

de + o = do - de + a = da - de + um = dum - de + uma = duma

a + o = ao-

a + a =

Estou no escritrio. I'm in the oce.

Ficamos numa fazenda. We stayed at a farm.

17. FAMILY & ANIMALS

Family famlia grandfather av dog cachorro/co

Parents pais grandmother av cat gato

Husband marido/esposo grandson neto bird pssaro

Wife esposa/mulher granddaughter neta sh peixe

Father pai uncle o horse cavalo

Mother me aunt a goat cabra

Son lho nephew sobrinho pig porco


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Daughter lha niece sobrinha cow vaca

Children lhos cousin (m)primo rabbit coelho

Sister irm cousin (f) prima turtle tartaruga

Brother irmo relaves parentes mouse rato

18. TO KNOW PEOPLE & FACTS

Conhecer - to know people, places saber- to know facts

eu conheo ns conhecemos eu sei ns sabemos

ele/ela/voc conhece eles/elas/vocs conhecem ele/ela/voc sabe eles/elas/vocs sabem

Conhecer means to be acquainted/familiar with someone or something, and it cannot be used withabstract things or ideas. Saber is to know facts, even if those facts involve people or things.

Eu sei quem esta pessoa. I know who is this person.

Eu sei qual esta cidade. I know which city is this one.

Eu conheo esta pessoa. I know this person.

Eu conheo esta cidade. I know this city.

19. FORMATION OF PLURAL NOUNS

1. Words that end in -l : drop the l and put -is if the word does not have an i before the l. If it has an e you

change it to to make the same sound.

pastel (pastry) - pastis

2. Words that end in -o : it has no rule. Somemes you change it to -es or -es, or just add -s,

depending on the word. It's beer to memorize the plural when you learn the word.

corao (heart) - coraes

mo (hand)-

mos

co (dog) - ces

3. Words that end in -s or -z : have no plural form, so the singular and plural are the same.

nibus (bus)

culos (glasses)


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arroz (rice)

4. All other words : just add an -s.

pra (pear) - pras

ma (apple) - mas

guaran (soda) - guarans

20. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Singular Plural

Masc Fem Masc Fem

my meu minha meus minhas

your

teu

tua

teus

tuas

your/his/her/its seu sua seus suas

our nosso nossa nossos nossas

your seu sua seus suas

your/their dele dela deles delas

The possessive adjecves agree in gender and number with the noun that they describe.

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