portfolio/program name here 32/38pt with 12pt after ... · alcatel-thales iii-v lab ......

Bell Labs:Past, Present and Future

David BishopMarch, 2008

2 | Presentation Title | Month 2007 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007

Bell Labs: The Past• Founded in 1925

• First Location was West Street in NYC

• In the 1930’s moved to Murray Hill, NJ

• Later expanded to Holmdel, Indian Hill, Crawford Hill, Ireland, England,….

• For many years basic research spent 1% of AT&T’s revenues

• The monopoly status of AT&T allowed Bell Labs to take a very broad view of its mission

• Divestiture of the RBOC’s in 1984 led to a change in mission and the spin off of Bellcore

• In 1996 Lucent was formed and Bell Labs went with Lucent. AT&T Labs was spun off from Bell Labs

• In 2006 Lucent and Alcatel merged and Bell Labs and R&I were joined


Bell Labs 80 Year History of Innovation

1876 The Telephone

1939 1st Digital Computer

1947The Transistor

1954 The Solar Cell

1958 The Laser

1962 The Telstar Satellite

1969 Unix

1988 Digital Cellular

1989HDTV

1997World’s Smallest

Transistor

1998 All-Plastic Transistor

1999All Optical

Router

20003.28Tbps

Transmission

VULNERABILITIES

Acce

ss C

ontro

l

Infrastructure Security

Applications Security

Services Security

End User Plane

Control Plane

Management Plane

THREATS

8 Security Dimensions

ATTACKS

Dat

a Co

nfid

entia

lity

Com

mun

icat

ion

Secu

rity

Dat

a In

tegr

ity

Avai

labi

lity

Priv

acy

Destruction

Disclosure

Corruption

Removal

Auth

entic

atio

n

Non-

repu

diat

ion

Security Layers

Interruption

SecurityPlanes

VULNERABILITIES

Acce

ss C

ontro

l

Infrastructure Security

Applications Security

Services Security

End User Plane

Control Plane

Management Plane

THREATS

8 Security Dimensions

ATTACKS

Dat

a Co

nfid

entia

lity

Com

mun

icat

ion

Secu

rity

Dat

a In

tegr

ity

Avai

labi

lity

Priv

acy

Destruction

Disclosure

Corruption

Removal

Auth

entic

atio

n

Non-

repu

diat

ion

Security Layers

Interruption

SecurityPlanes

2003 E2E Network Security Reference Architecture Foundation of ITU X.805 specification

1995Dense Wave

Division Multiplexing

2002BLAST (MIMO)High- Capacity Radio Frequency

2001 HLR

(Home Location Register)

2004 Nanograss

2003 iLocator

2005IMS with Service

Enhancement Layer

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.eaglephotonics.com/images/dwdm4.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.eaglephotonics.com/dwdm.html&h=196&w=328&sz=9&tbnid=2EVbUP2eI8MJ:&tbnh=68&tbnw=114&hl=en&start=5&prev=/images%3Fq%3DDWDM%2B%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D


Transistor

Laser

Optical Communications

Data Networking

Digital Transmission and Switching

Cellular Telephone Technology

Communication Satellites

Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

Touch-tone Telephone

Unix Operating System & C Language

10 10 Bell Labs Innovations That Changed the WorldBell Labs Innovations That Changed the World


Other Notable Bell Labs Discoveries 1927 – FAX machine and first TV Transmission

1933 – Karl G. Jansky, Radio Astronomy

1933 – LP stereo records

1937 - George Stibitz, Digital Computer

1948 - Claude E. Shannon, Information Theory

1948 - Richard W. Hamming, Error Correction

1960’s Phil Anderson, Disordered Systems

1975 – Al Cho, MBE

1978 - Robert W. Wilson and Arno A. Penzias, Big Bang Theory

1982 – Dan Tsui and Horst Stormer, FQHE

1985 – Steve Chu, Optical Trapping of Atoms

1986 – Neural Networks

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Andersonphoto.jpg


Bell Labs Legacy In Government Battlefield Communications

WW II Radars

M9 Gun Director

Nike-Zeus

Safeguard Anti Ballistic Missile Program

SOSUS Anti Submarine Warfare System

SDI Communications and Battle Management

Navy Enhanced Modular Signal Processor

AF YF-23 Integrated Avionics Processor

DARPA Programs

Classified Programs


SOLITONS 1973 1980Theory of solitons

in fiberFirst observation of solitons in fiber

1988First ultra long-haul: 4000 km solitons

1999 2002Ultra long-haul: 7200

km at 10GLambdaXtreme

MEMS 1987MEMS research

begins at Bell Labs

1996MARS

modulator

1999 2001MicroStar

micromirror arrayLambda-Router AOS

LASERS 1972 1981

Loss 1dB/km at 1.3 μm

Laser invented by Shawlow and Townes

1994Quantum Cascade

Laser

1998 2000Bow-tie

laser

RAMAN Amplification

EDFA

OPTICAL FIBERS

Fiber Optic Communication at Bell Labs: from basic physics to cutting-edge products

1976Loss 0.15dB/km

at 1.55 μm

1985First trial of Fiber Optic

communication

1977 1993Sol-gel process

1994Non Zero Dispersion

TrueWave Fiber

1998AllWave Fiber enables 1.4μm

band

1958

LambdaXtreme

2002

OADM forLambdaXtreme

20022000Casimir force

measured

WAVEGUIDES

DFB laser

1974Quantum Well laser

Femto-second laser

Electrically powered organic laser

1969SiOB: Silicon optical bench

1985Implanted silicon

optical Waveguides

1972 1990Waveguide

Grating RouterIntegrated

Optics is born

1991WDM Router

based on SiOB

EDFA principle published

1987

Modified CVD process

developed

1974

First suggested use of Raman amplification

1983

1980sReliability of

undersea lasers

Agere DGEF

20001990sAWGR, OADM,

tunable disp. compensator

1st demonstration of EDFA for

communication

1988EDFA in

Submarine Systems

1991BL decides to use

EDFAs for undersea systems

1989 1992WaveStar

40G enabled by EDFA

1995EDFA in almost

all LU optical products

1988First all-Raman ultra-long-haul

demo

1986First practical suggestion of Raman ampl.

1973 1998

2002

First theory of Raman gain

Raman amplification blossoms for DWDM systems

Agere add-drop


Bell Labs: The Core Research Organization of Alcatel-Lucent

Creating Substantial Growth Opportunities Through Disruptive Innovation Enabled by Preeminent Research

Collaborating with more than250 universities world-wide

Leading non-academic “Highly Cited”institution

(Physics, Engineering, Math, Materials, and Computer Science Journals. Source: Thomson ISI)

Nobel Prizes in Physics U.S. Medals of Science U.S. Medals of Technology Draper Prizes John Tyndall Awards GRAMMY® Award Marconi Intern’l Fellowship Awards C&C Prizes IEEE Medal of Honor winners Emmy Award Academy Award General Ferrié Award

6 9

12 2

10 1 6 7 28 1 1 1


Bell Labs: The Present

Business Partnership VPResearch VPGlobal

Operations VP Ventures VPChiefScientist

Bell Labs President

Venture … VentureService Infrastructure

Radio Access

PhysicalTechnology

Optical Networks

France

Belgium

India

Germany

Ireland

North America

China

Applications Fixed Access

ComputingTechnology Networking

Cross-Discipline / Critical MassExtensive CollaborationLeaders in their Respective DisciplinesCapacity to Invent Enabling Tools


Alcatel-Lucent R&D

Canada

USAChina

India

Australia

Product & Solution Development Centers

Research Centers

UKIrelandFranceGermanyNetherlandsBelgiumItalySpain

PolandSlovakiaPolandSlovakiaRomania

Russia

Israel

25,000 Engineers & Researchers

25,000 ActivePatents

€ 2.7B R&D Investment in 2006

Experts in 130 Standards Bodies


Research Domains

Physical TechnologyQuantum SystemsNano-componentsHS Electronics

Bio-mimeticsOptical ComponentsThermal Manag.

Algorithmic SciencesMath SciencesComputer Sciences

Signal ProcessingSecurityStatistical Mining

Computing Technology

MIMOSatellite

AntennaRadioPHY/MAC

Radio Access

Home NetworkingIn-building

DSL / CopperxPON / OpticalVideo

Fixed Access

PolicyAutonomous NetsRouting Protocols

ArchitectureFlat IPSoftroute

Networking & Networks

IMS/SIP Infra.P2P

Policy ManagementMessagingManaged Services

Service Infrastructure

Social NetsWEB 2.0Gaming

MediaGeo

Applications

Wavelength Manag.Optical Mesh NetworksOptical Switching

Optical Transmission

Optical Networks


Commercializing Innovation

Business Partnership VPResearch VPGlobal

Operations VP Ventures VPChiefScientist

Bell Labs President

Venture … VentureService Infrastructure

Radio Access

PhysicalTechnology

Optical Networks

France

Belgium

India

Germany

Ireland

North America

China

Applications Fixed Access

ComputingTechnology Networking

ALV

BusinessDevelopment

Centers

Asset Creation

Asset Integration

Enabling

Market


ALV Project

BusinessDevelopment

Centers

High ROIElevated RiskSignificant Prospects

Target Market Opportunity Characterized by:

Alcatel-Lucent Ventures

Business Expertise

IncubatorSupport Commercialization

FocusSelection Process Managed by ALV Staff and Decision by ALV Council

Identify Game-changing Ideas, Incubate them into Products, and Find the Right Mechanism to Bring them to Market

Market


Recent Breakthroughs and Recognition

ISAM IP Access Platform:2005 IEC InfoVision Award

Software Defined Radio: World 1st radio base-station hardware with simultaneous multi-band & multi-standard operations

MIMO: Invention of MIMO, WIMAX MIMO demo at 2007 3GSM & CTIA

Metro Networking Platform Alcatel-Lucent 1850 Transport Service Switch: 2005 IEC and InfoVision award, Light-Reading award best product of the year

Digital Home Care Solution: 2006 International Engineering Consortium (IEC) InfoVision Award

World 1st - 100 Gbit/s Ethernet transmission through tests over 2000 km

2007 World record: 25.6 Terabits per second (Tb/s) of optical data over a single fiber strand , using 160 WDM channels

Personal Interactive IPTV Applications: 2006 International Engineering Consortium (IEC) InfoVision award

IMS Service Enhancement LayerInternet Telephony Excellence award: 2005 Product of the Year

Applications and Services

Broadband Access

Networking


Research Partnerships

Cooperative Research

AcademicPartnerships

CustomerPartnerships

JointLaboratories

FP6 / FP7 / Eureka

Technology Platforms: NEM, eMobility, NESSI

DARPA, ARPA, NSF (US), ANR (Fr), BMBF (Ge), IWT (Be), 863 (China)

French competitive clusters: System@tic, Image et Réseaux

Agence de l’Innovation Industrielle: Unlimited Mobile TV

Alcatel-Thales III-V Lab

New Jersey Nanotech Consortium

Alcatel-Lucent Research Partner Program: close long-term relationships with major universities & research institutes

France Telecom for convergent fixed/mobile services

British Telecom for IMS and Triple Play applications

Telecom Italia for ambient services

Korea TeleCom for next generation network architectures

TeleCom New Zealand for mobile networking

Direction and Sample Projects


Wireless Projects: Beyond Shannon

Link capacity of current systems is quickly approaching the Shannon limit regardless of technology – within 3dB

Further improvements require techniques beyond the air-interface –for example:

• Cognitive Radio to maximize use of spectrum

• Extending MIMO into networks

• Re-architecting networks

• Optimizing models for use in network topographies

2

4

-5 +5 +15

EV-DO

802.16

Peak Data Efficiency (bps/Hz)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB)

Most WAN wireless technologies are within 10% of fundamental limits

Shannon-bound

Infeasible Region

HSDPA


Requires channel information and user data to be known by all coordinated bases.

Bases transmit simultaneously to many users in a coordinated manner by carefully adjusting phase, timing, and amplitude of signals.

Interference becomes useful signal

“Network MIMO”

Inter-base Coordinated Network (Lemonade from Lemons)

Each base station transmits to a user associated with its cell

Signals form other cells’ bases causes interference

Interference is the main limitation to performance

Conventional cellular network


Learning from SpidersAdaptive / Self-configuration Networks

S. Ramanathan, S. Simon

How do they build a “perfect” web that is so much bigger than they are?

Spiders have very small brains

Must be a SIMPLE Algorithm (like cellular automata)

Spiders have poor eyesight andpoor viewpoint to “see” what they have built.

ωφφ =∇2


Wireless: Learning from Spiders

Self-deployment with uniform

user distribution

Add user hotspot

Remove user hotspot

Base stations shown as red squares

Mobiles shown as yellow circles with line to the connected base station

Pilot power illustrated by contour plot in background

Reference: Fixed base station positions (deployed area: 10´10 km) with load-balancing to achieve the same capacity at each BS

Base station failure

Autonomous self-configuration network


TeleSensing:Supporting Context

Applications include health-related remote monitoring and emotional / physiological context

Can Measure Precise Displacement of the Chest via RF Signals From a Cell Phone

Range of a few meters (chart below is based on 1 meter)

Subject

Heart

Respiration

Doppler Effect

-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.1

00.10.20.30.4

0 2 4 6 8 10

-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.1

00.10.20.30.4

0 2 4 6 8 10

-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.1

00.10.20.30.4

0 2 4 6 8 10

f = 2.4 GHz, Psource= 10 dBm

Raw

BP Filter

Reference


Project: 100 GbEIP-Video Networking Requires 100GbE – the New Network Currency

Access Network

VHEVHE

VHOVHOVHOVHO

VHOVHO

100%100%ServerServer 100%100%

ServerServer

100%100%ServerServer

MANCore

NationalCore

VSOVSO

VSOVSO

VSOVSO

X%X%ServerServer

X%X%ServerServerX%X%

ServerServer

COCO

COCO

COCO

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.01

0.1

1

10

100

Spee

d [G

b/s]

Year

Ethernet Evolution


Project: Optical Packet Switching Coloring 40Gb/s Optical Packets

Efficiency of Packet Switching with theScalability of Optical Transport

Simple, but Elegant- Signal wavelength, controls the signal route

AWG

Line Card Racks

Interconnect Multi Rack Routers

Upgrade PONs

Transport Optical Packets over Network


Project: Planar Ion TrapQuantum Encryption: a Wholly Different Dimension for Securing Information

Today: Quantum Secured Communicationswith a Range of ~50km

Next Step: Quantum Repeater (~20 qubits) for Worldwide Secured Internet

Qubit: Trapped Fluorescing Cd ion


Bell Labs: The Future• In the post war era, three types of institutions led the US scientific enterprise:

Universities, National Labs and Industrial Labs.

• In the 21st century, large industrial labs are an endangered species:

-Wall street cares mostly about EPS as a way to value a stock

-Growth through acquisitions rather than internal innovation is less risky

-IP is leaky, the inventor is not always the one who profits

-All technology companies are dealing with commodity pricing from low cost regions

-The average length of time for stock ownership in the US is ~18 months

-The average tenure for a CEO in the US is also relatively short

• A few intrepid companies have started such labs in recent years but it takes a company with extraordinary financial resources to do this. Most companies are not this strong.

• In the next five years or so the industrial lab innovation model will either prove itself or it will go the way of the pension and lifetime health care. “Proof” is a 10X return.


Conclusions

Bell Labs has had a long and venerable history. Despite the vast changes in the world of technology and the

serious challenges facing it in the marketplace, Alcatel-Lucent remains committed to Bell Labs as its innovation

engine for the future.


www.alcatel-lucent.com

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