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Environmental Management Plan August 2015

VAN: Port Vila Urban Development Project

GEORGE KALSAKAU DRIVE

Prepared by Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities (MIPU), Government of Vanuatu Bank

for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental management plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed

herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff,

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GOVERNMENT OF VANUATU

PORT VILA URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

REPORT NUMBER: 15

Asian Development Bank Loan No.2832-VAN (SF)/G0275-VAN/G0276-VAN

SITE SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEMP)

GEORGE KALSAKAU DRIVE

August 2015

Site Specific Environmental Plan – Rehabilitation and Improvements of George Kalsakau Drive

Port Vila Urban Development Project

Contract No: 42391

Name of project: PORT VILA URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (PVUDP)

REPORT TITLE: SITE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEMP)

FINANCED BY: • THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)

• THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS & TRADE (DFAT)

• THE GOVERNMENT OF VANUATU

CONTRACT REFERENCE:

VAN005

DATE: AUGUST 2015

NOTICE This report has been: Prepared By: Vanuatu Project Management Unit (VPMU)

Prepared For: Ministry of Finance & Economic Management (MFEM) – the Executing Agency – (EA).

Ministry of Infrastructure & Public Utilities (MIPU) – a key Implementing Agency – (IA).

Public Works Department (PWD) – a key Implementing Agency – (IA).

Department of Environmental Protection & Conservation (DEPC) – a key Implementing Agency – (IA).

This report may not be amended or used by any person other than by the MFEM’s expressed permission. In any event, MFEM’s accepts no liability for any costs, liabilities or losses arising as a result of the use of or reliance of the contents of this report by any person other than the MFEM and the project donor agencies, the Asian Development Bank and DFAT

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (June 2015)

Currency unit - Vanuatu Vatu (Vt) USD 1.00 = Vatu 102.09

Vatu $1.00 = USD$0.0097

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Metric system except for land areas (1 acre = 0.4 hectares)



Contract No: 42391

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 7

1.0 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 12

2.0 GEORGE KALSAKAU DRIVE SUB COMPONENT (GKD) ....................................................... 13

2.1 Scope of Works ....................................................................................................................... 13

2.2 GKD Drainage ......................................................................................................................... 14

2.3 GKD Roads .............................................................................................................................. 18

2.4 Legislation .............................................................................................................................. 21

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATED WITH THE GKD WORKS .................... 22

3.1 Terrestrial Environment .......................................................................................................... 22

3.1.1 Existing Terrestrial Environment ................................................................................................ 22

3.2 Projects Impacts on Terrestrial Environment ........................................................................... 23

3.3 Coastal and Inshore Marine Environment ................................................................................ 24

3.3.1 Coastal Environment .................................................................................................................. 24

3.3.2 Marine Inshore Environment ..................................................................................................... 25

3.4 Central Business District.......................................................................................................... 28

4.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION & PARTICIPATION .................................... 30

4.1 National Government Level Consultations for the GKD ............................................................ 30

4.2 Provincial, Municipal and Community Level GKD Consultations ............................................... 30

4.3 Project Disclosure ................................................................................................................... 31

4.4 Project Communication Plan ................................................................................................... 32

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................. 33

5.1 Screening of Potential Impacts ................................................................................................ 33

5.2 Environmental Risk Management Framework (RMF) ............................................................... 33

5.3 General Impact Assessment .................................................................................................... 33

5.4 Hazardous Material and Waste Disposal .................................................................................. 34

5.5 Air Quality .............................................................................................................................. 35

5.6 Noise Levels ............................................................................................................................ 36

5.7 Water Quality ......................................................................................................................... 36

5.8 Construction Material and Spoil Waste Management .............................................................. 37

5.9 Safety Issues ........................................................................................................................... 38

5.10 Construction Site .................................................................................................................. 39

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) .............................................................. 41

6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ..................................................................................... 44

6.2 Environmental Management Plan: Mitigation Table (EmiT) ...................................................... 47

6.3 Environmental Management Plan: Environment Monitoring Table (EMoT)............................... 55

6.4 Reporting ............................................................................................................................... 60

6.4.1 Construction Period Environmental Monitoring Report ........................................................... 60



Contract No: 42391

6.4.2 Operating Period Annual Environmental Monitoring Report .................................................... 60

6.4.3 Contractor Monthly Monitoring Reports ................................................................................... 60

6.4.4 Construction Completion Report ............................................................................................... 60

7.0 CONCLUSIONS and RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................... 61

8.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 62

9.0 APPENDICES .................................................................................................................. 63

ANNEX 1: List of Government and NGO Persons Consulted, 2011 - 2014. ....................................... 64

ANNEX 2: List of GKD Business Stakeholders Consulted November 2014. ....................................... 66

ANNEX 3. GKD Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Roads & Highways CHECKLIST. .................. 69

ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales & Risk Management. ........................................ 72

PLATES Plate 1 a & b. Clogged surface water inlet and flooded drain during a rain event within the GKD project site……………..…………………………………………………………………………………15 Plate 2 a & b: Partly submerged drainage outlet at low tide and outlet discharging during a rain event adjacent to the GKD site within the Port Vila Harbour………............................................16 Plate 3: Diagrammatic representation of the proposed central collector drain within the GKD..20 Plate 4 a, b, c & d: Current condition of the road located within the GKD project site………….21 Plate 5 a & b: Current condition of the pedestrian footpaths located within the GKD project site………………………………………………………………………………………………………...22 Plate 6 a & b: CBD building rainwater drains entering the road and the location of the Centre Point Petrol Station adjacent to the GKD....................................................................................23 Plate 7 a & b: Location of the Poinciana and Casuarina trees adjacent to the GKD road and footpath.......................................................................................................................................24 Plate 8 a & b: Location of the Poinciana tree to be removed from the GKD…………………….25 Plate 9: The foreshore wall adjacent to the GKD, looking north and south, respectively...........26 Plate 10 a & b: Destructive waves breaching existing sea wall and structural damage to the seawall caused by storm events located in close proximity to the drainage outlets along the foreshore Park……………..……………………………………………………………………………26 Plate 11 a & b: Benthic substrate located in close proximity to the drainage outlets along the foreshore Park..………………………………………………………………………………………….26 Plate 12 a, b, c & d: The long spine sea urchin (a) (Diademia savignyi), hard coral colonies, Porities sp.) (b), Acropora sp. (c) and the soft coral Sarcophyton sp (d) located along the foreshore adjacent to the GKD…….............................................................................................28 FIGURES



Contract No: 42391

Figure 1: Current Municipal Boundary of Port Vila marked in red including the urban residential areas in dark purple and Central Business District in pink..........................................................80 Figure 2: George Kalsakau Drive Proposed Area of Work……………………..………………….93 Figure 3: Location of the GKD site to the nations port facilities, Port Vila..................................96 Figure 4: General Grievance Mechanism Flow Chart for the PVUDP……………………………96 TABLES Table 1: Risk Management Framework Risk Level 1 (very low) to 10 (very high)…………….80 Table 2: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales….……………………………………………..93 Table 3: Likelihood Table………………….………………………………………………………….96 Table 4: Risk levels and Management Action (example)..……………….……………………….96



Contract No: 42391

ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank CBD Central Business District CLO Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan CEWP Construction Environmental Work Plan CGPS Community and Gender Participation Specialist CSE Construction Supervisor Engineer dB Decibel DEPC Department of Environmental Protection & Conservation DGMWR Department of Geology, Mines & Water Resources DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Australian Government DSCD Design, Supervision and Capacity Development. DSC Design and Supervision Consultant EA Executing Agency EMCA Environmental Management & Conservation Act EMMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan EMiT Environmental Mitigation Table EMoT Environmental Monitoring Table ERLI Environmental Risk and Likely Impact ERMF Environmental Risk Management Framework GKD George Kalsakau Drive GoV Government of the Republic of Vanuatu GPT Gross Pollutant Traps GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism HS&E Health, Safety and Environment HSP Health and Safety Plan IA Implementing Agency IEE Initial Environmental Examination IP Indigenous People IR Involuntary Resettlement MFAT Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand) MFEM Ministry of Finance & Economic Management MIPU Ministry of Infrastructure & Public Utilities MOU Memorandum of Understanding MPA Marine Protected Areas MSMP Materials and Spoil Management Plan NES National Environmental Specialist NZAP New Zealand Aid Programme NGO Non-Government Organization OH&S Occupational Health and Safety PEA Preliminary Environmental Assessment PPE Personal Protective Equipment PRL Primary Risk Level PVMC Port Vila Municipal Council PVUDP Port Vila Urban Development Project PWD Public Works Department REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RMF Risk Management Framework



Contract No: 42391

SEMP Site Specific Environmental Management Plan SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SRL Secondary Risk Level UNELCO Union Electrique du Vanuatu Limited. VPMU Vanuatu Project Management Unit VTIP Vanuatu Tourism Infrastructure Project



Contract No: 42391 Page 7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Background 1. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) using Australian Aid (DFAT) funds are assisting the Government of Vanuatu (GoV) to improve urban infrastructure and services in Port Vila urban area and the peri-urban areas. The objectives of the Port Vila Urban Development Project (PVUDP) include:

a. Improvement to the Road Network and associated infrastructure such as footpaths, street lighting and signage boards;

b. Improvement of the drainage system; c. Construction of a sludge treatment plant; d. Construction of new multi-purpose multi-user sanitation facilities; and refurbishment of

existing public sanitation facilities; e. Building hygiene awareness program among communities with greater Port Vila Urban

area; f. Capacity development for the Government Agencies to handle Project Management in

roads, drainage and sanitation; and g. Prepare regulations for the collection and treating of septic tank sludge.

2. The overall PVUDP will cover improvements to 22 km of roads, 25 km of improved drainage, including sediment and pollutants traps at strategic points, handling flood prone areas, the construction of a septage sludge collection and disposal system/s, refurbishment of existing public and community sanitation facilities, and provide hygiene and health education to the community. 3. The majority of urban roads within Port Vila area, including George Kalsakau Driver (GKD) are in need of re-surfacing as they contain large numbers of pot holes and are deteriorated due to the poor maintenance of the carriage way, associated drainage systems and direct effects of seasonal flooding. 4. All roads associated with the PVUDP, including GKD currently have no drainage manholes or access points other than the drain inlets greatly restricting cleaning and repair functions. Through the PVUDP provision has been made for new access manholes and trapped gully inlets in all drainage systems associated with the project. Where technically feasible, it is proposed to locate interceptor chambers on the main drainage outfalls. Within the GKD sub component site the interceptor chambers will be constructed at the start of the outfall drains that are located directly adjacent to the road associated with the flat gradient of the foreshore reclaimed area. The chambers, in concept, are approximately 1.5m wide, 2.5m long and 1m deeper than the drain invert and will collect and store sediment from upstream areas and include a baffle to store any incoming petrochemical, oils and fats together with floating debris. 5. The GKD is one of the PVUDP sub component scope of works. The GKD SEMP has been prepared to provide an account of the baseline environmental conditions and to describe and evaluate likely impacts caused by the proposed road and drainage infrastructure upgrade improvements that have been identified for Port Vila as part of the PVUDP environmental due




diligence. The environmental evaluation and subsequent management, mitigation and monitoring of the GKD scope of works are detailed in this SEMP. Categorization 6. The GKD subcomponent project was separately categorized, through the ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for Roads and Highway checklists, as environment Category B. This SEMP refers directly to the PVUDP work required within the GKD sub-component that falls under Output 1: Government has improved the road network and drainage system in greater Port Vila. Project Description and Scope 7. The GKD subproject is situated within the Central Business District (CBD) of Port Vila and as such, the terrestrial environment has been highly modified, with most of the land being reclaimed with little if any resemblance to its original natural state. The coastal foreshore and shallow water tidal and intertidal marine habitats adjacent to the proposed project site have also been significantly modified through land reclamation so reducing their original natural state. 8. The project activities will include improvements over a total length of approximately 289 meters constituting the road, parking, footpaths, and associated works at GKD and the three unnamed access lanes that enter GKD from Lini Highway in the Seafront Precinct of Port Vila. The road network includes drainage, sediment traps, parking and footpaths that will improve the sea front Precinct. The Construction-phase activities will consist primarily of existing roadwork replacement and up grading, excavation replacement and upgrading of drainage structures, footpath replacement and associated lighting and road signage. 9. All construction activities will be carried out according to international best practices intended to avoid and minimize adverse environmental impacts and based on the information presented herein through the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans (EMMP’s). These plans present the likely impacts caused by the construction and operational phases of the project and outline best practices mitigation measures to manage and lessen the impacts of these activities. These activities will be detailed in the construction companies Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP). Environmental Impacts 10. The SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The upgrading of the GKD road and associated drainage systems will result in a marked improvement to the environment. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, very localized, and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigation measures set out in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Key Impacts include:

• The proposed road and drainage system upgrades are located within the Port Vila CBD on urban land that has been highly modified (cleared, filled and built on) and does not support any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity;




• The project site does not have any freshwater (rivers, streams), forests, mangroves or agriculture activities associated with the area, however the site does include a highly modified reclaimed coastal strip of park land (Sea Front Park) that is not impacted by the proposed works.

• The proposed road and drainage system upgrade, during periods of excess rainfall, will discharge freshwater into the near shore tidal and sub-tidal coastal and marine environment. Impacts on this ecosystem (flora or fauna) are expected to be minor. The project’s area of influence does not impact any coral reefs, sea grass systems nor does it support marine ecological or biological (flora or fauna) that is endemic, endangered or of significant biodiversity;

• The proposed road and drainage system upgrade does not impact any terrestrial, coastal or marine conservation and/or protected area, sites of cultural, customary or heritage significance nor any national or international endangered or protected species.

• Due diligence and proactive management of all construction aspects of the road and drainage upgrade will ensure limited disturbance to the daily business activities undertaken in Port Vila (e.g. traffic, noise, dust), and the collection, storage and correct disposal of waste material generated during construction.

• Vanuatu laws and regulations associated with labour, employment, Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) will be adopted, enforced and monitored during all construction and monitoring activities associated with the project.

• Climate change adaptation measures have been included in the project design. 11. The EMP identifies potential environmental impacts arising from the project along with a corresponding schedule and monitoring of mitigation measures to ensure potential impacts are maintained at insignificant levels. It also includes the institutional arrangements for implementing the EMP to ensure its effectiveness. 12. The SEMP, including the EMP is considered sufficient to meet GoV and ADB’s environmental safeguard requirements. No further or additional impact assessment is considered necessary at this stage. Environmental Benefits 13. The proposed works have been designed to ensure a substantial improvement to the GKD road network and associated infrastructures such as footpaths, street lighting and signage boards and direct improvement to the associated drainage systems. These infrastructure improvements will result in decreased water retentions and associated siltation issues currently experienced throughout the GKD and through the use of silt and pollutant traps will allow the management of water and pollutant discharge into the neighbouring environment, resulting in greatly improved environmental conditions within the GKD area. Environmental Management Plan 14. The GKD EMP, mitigation measures, environmental monitoring and capacity development are all required to minimize the environmental impacts in the pre-construction, construction and operation phases of the project. The Design, Supervision and Capacity Development (DSCD) consultant and Contractor will be asked to finalize the detailed design and compilation of an updated CEMP and the contractor will be responsible for implementing the EMMP’s. The




mitigation actions identified in this report need to be implemented by the contractor. The EMP is presented as section 6 of this report. 15. The EMP provides a set of mitigation, monitoring and management measures to be applied during GKD implementation to avoid, reduce, mitigate, or compensate for adverse environmental impacts. Most important during the pre-construction phase will be the distribution of the environmental documentation, including the EMMP to all stakeholders including the successful contractor(s) and the completion of a pre-construction briefing/workshop for Vanuatu Project Management Unit (VPMU). During the construction period, environmentally responsible construction practices and management of all wastes will be essential. 16. Implementation of internationally recognized environmental practices for construction form the basis of the EMMP which covers issues such as erosion and sedimentation control, materials sourcing and spoil management, waste management, minimization of habitat disturbance, and worker and community health and safety. The EMMP will form part of the construction contract documents and the contractor will be required to prepare a site-specific CEMP based on the contract EMP. The main environmental controls incorporated into the design of the project are:

i) Ensuring minimum environmental impacts into the Port Vila Harbour; and ii) Design criteria based on available climate change modelling data used to ensure

drainage capacity is sufficient for high rainfall events. Implementation Arrangements 17. The Executing Agency (EA) for the PVUDP will be the Ministry of Finance and Economic Management (MFEM) and the projects Implementing Agencies (IA) include the Public Works Department (PWD) under the Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities (MIPU) and the Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation (DEPC). The DEPC is the lead agency for implementing the Environmental Management and Conservation Act (EMCA) 2010 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2011 and issuing development consent for project development. 18. The PVUDP is managed by the VPMU assisted by the Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC), Roughton International in association with Qualao Consulting Ltd. The role of the VPMU is to;

i) Administer, manage, coordinate and oversee the implementation of major Vanuatu Government Infrastructure Projects, including the PVUDP; and

ii) Coordinate and Facilitate projects funds between funding partners, the Government of Vanuatu and various stakeholders.

Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 19. The project shall comply with requirements of the Environmental Management and Conservation (EMCA) Act 2010 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2011 that requires that for all major developments projects, a development clearance and development consent (and other permits) must be obtained from the DEPC before any work can




commence. The development consent application must include an environment assessment and an EMMP. 20. This SEMP as part of the PVUDP Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is intended to comply with the requirements of a Preliminary Environmental Assessment (PEA) as required under GoV regulations and meets the requirements of the ADB for Category B projects as described in the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS). 21. The objectives of the SEMP (PEA) are to: (i) assess the existing environmental conditions; (ii) identify potential environmental impacts; (iii) evaluate and determine the significance of the impacts; (iv) develop an EMP detailing mitigation measures, monitoring activities, reporting requirements, institutional responsibilities to address adverse environmental impacts; and (v) carry-out public consultations to document any issues/concerns and (vi) to ensure that such concerns are addressed in the GKD project design. Conclusion and Recommendations 22. The potential environmental impacts arising from design, construction, operation and maintenance of the project will be relatively minor, localized and acceptable provided that the mitigation measures set out in the GKD SEMP are implemented properly. The findings of the EMMP evaluation suggest that improvements to the drainage infrastructure systems of the GKD will be improved and provide much-needed services within the population and business center and providing environmental quality in the Port Vila area. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 23. The GKD road and drainage subcomponent of the PVUDP planning and environmental concerns were discussed with relevant GoV Ministries, Departments, Provincial and Municipal Governments, business owners and the general public stakeholders resulting in an agreement for the support of the scope of works of the GKD project. The stakeholder consultation process follows the PVUDP communication plan and disseminated information to key stakeholders detailing the scale and scope of the Project and the expected impacts and the proposed mitigation measures. The process also gathered information on relevant concerns of the stakeholders and where relevant incorporated into the GKD SEMP. 24. The final draft SEMP will submitted to VPMU who will forward the document to the relevant GoV Ministries and Departments for their evaluation and clearance and to the ADB and will ensure their safeguard policies are met. The final approved document will be disclosed to the public and included into the DEPC document register and up loaded on the ABD web site. Grievance Redress Mechanism 25. A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for the PVUDP has been developed and has been established to receive, evaluate and facilitate the resolution of affected people’s concerns, complaints and grievances about the environmental and social performance of the project. The GRM is based on accepted practices and government protocols in Vanuatu and provides an accessible, time-bound and transparent mechanism for the affected persons to voice and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to all projects undertaken within the PVUDP infrastructure development activities. The GRM is presented as section 6.1 of this report.




1.0 BACKGROUND

26. The PVUDP IEE provides a detailed description of the existing environment and the project’s potential environmental impacts associated with the scope of works to be undertaken in the Port Vila urban and per-urban areas. This report provides the background information for the GKD SEMP and should be referred for additional information. 27. The expected impact of the PVUDP is the sustainable urban development of Port Vila. The project has 5 outputs with Output 1: “The Government has improved the road network and drainage system in the greater Port Vila” is directly relevant to the Rehabilitation and Improvement of the George Kalsakau Drive (GKD). This includes the construction of about 289 metres of concrete/bitumen urban road and associated pedestrian facilities and drainage works along the GKD drive including the three small feeder lanes that connect the GKD to the Lini Highway. 28. Port Vila’s major infrastructure, including the roads and storm water drainage systems has received minimal capital support since the time of independence in 1980. Major surfaced roads including the GKD are heavily potholed and deteriorated due to deferred maintenance and absence of a system to drain the storm water resulting from frequent heavy downpours. The runoff from these downpours causes flooding and chaotic conditions for vehicle and pedestrian traffic resulting in considerable financial and economic losses. In addition, a proportion of road debris such as silt, grit, garbage, waste and oil may reach the sea impacting on the environmental conditions of coastal waters.




2.0 GEORGE KALSAKAU DRIVE SUB COMPONENT (GKD)

2.1 Scope of Works 29. The scope of works that will be undertaken as a part of the PVUDP for the GKD sub component includes:

a. Resurfacing of the road on the GKD and the three small feeder lanes that connect to the Lini Highway;

b. Roadwork’s and excavation for installation of drainage structures; c. Installation of drainage pipes, catch pits and sediment traps, pollution and

petrochemical traps; d. Upgrading of all footpaths and car parks; e. Amend the layout of the car park by reducing car park numbers to increase the area of

foot path (109-78 cars); f. Raised speed tables for people to cross and to slow the traffic; and g. Improve signage.

30. All land, within the GKD project area (Figure 1) is the sovereign territory of the Republic of Vanuatu and is either government or publicly owned. The GKD project site is located within the declared municipal boundaries of the City of Port Vila, resulting in all construction and operational activities of the road and drainage infrastructure developments subjected to all relevant national laws of Vanuatu and by-laws of the Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC). The by-laws of the PVMC include:

(i) The Municipal Town Plan (1979), which provide zoning for developments within the municipal boundary; and (ii) The Municipal Council’s also administers the Physical Planning Act No 22 of 1986 within town limits and the Building Permits referred to under section 2.2 will need to be applied for through the Municipal Council.

31. The GKD project scope of works includes a proportion of the Port Vila Central Business District (CBD) that includes a wide range of buildings and business and terminates at the edge of the footpaths directly adjacent to the Sea Front Park. Therefore, the PVUDP construction responsibilities for the drainage component terminate at the point of the road footpaths. All additional drainage construction from this point to the sea wall passing underground of the Sea Front Park is the responsibility of the Vanuatu Tourism Infrastructure Project (VTIP). All environmental assessments pertaining to this work is referred to this project. Coordination of construction activities between the PVUDP and the VTIP is an integral component of both projects to ensure compatibility of infrastructure upgrades and improvements are met.




Figure 1. George Kalsakau Drive Proposed Area of Work.

2.2 GKD Drainage 32. The drainage system associated with the of GKD is the receiving hub of all storm and waste water from the Lini Highway, Rue Winston Churchill, General de Gaulle, Bougainville and Mercet streets (refer Figure 1) before it is discharged into the coastal waters through a number of outfall pipes. 33. The drainage infrastructure in the Port Vila urban and peri-urban area including the drainage systems associated with the GKD are woefully inadequate to meet current demands and requirements of the population. Where it exists, drainage infrastructure associated with the GKD is for the most part in a state of disrepair (Plate 1a & b). The existing road condition of the GKD during rainfall events creates considerable sediment laden runoff, which currently discharges directly into the coastal shores via the outfall pipes. Resulting in an undesirable environmental situation of increased sediment load (refer Plate 2b) in the nearby coastal waters, reducing water visibility, increasing turbidity effecting the ecosystem and flora and fauna associated with it. 34. There are no drainage manholes or access point other than the drain inlets associated with the GKD that greatly restricts regular maintenance (cleaning and repair) functions, which has significantly compounded drainage issues. Many drainage outlets along the coast lie below the mean tide level (likely due to a combination of land subsidence and sea level rise), thus often becoming “tide-locked,” which reduces the hydraulic ‘head’ that enables rapid drainage of water from the land (Plate 2a & b). A visual inspection of all existing outfalls has revealed that most have adequate capacity across the park to the sea wall. A number of the older pipes are




either corrugated steel pipes often with a half round profile or constructed from old oil drums surrounded in concrete. These and other conditions have resulted in several recurring and chronic problems including frequent inundation of low-lying areas and damage to roadways and other structures associated with GKD and surrounding areas.

Plate 1a & b: Clogged surface water inlet and flooded drain during a rain event within the GKD project site.

Plate 2a & b: Partly submerged drainage outlet at low tide and outlet discharging during a rain event adjacent to the GKD site within the Port Vila Harbour. 35. As part of the PVUDP dealing with the CBD roads and drainage, Gross Pollutant Traps (GPTs) will be installed upstream of GKD on the Lini Highway. The GPTs cannot be installed in GKD because of high groundwater levels. The GPTs will collect sediment, petrochemicals, debris and other pollutants. Whilst not part of the planned GKD works, these GPTs will have a significant improve the current the stormwater quality entering the GKD in the future. 36. The proposed GKD road upgrade will be constructed with a vee-shaped profile with central collector drain leading to catch pits (Figure 2). The catch pit with the sumps for the collection of localized sediment in the GKD connect directly to four outfall pipes that discharge runoff for the




urban catchment and drain directly to the sea (Figure 3). During periods of high rainfall and water catchment discharge street runoff flows directly over the existing sea wall into the coastal environment of Port Vila.




Figure 2. Diagrammatic representation of the proposed central collector drain within the GKD




2.3 GKD Roads 37. The GKD has a total overall length of approximately 289 meters constituting the road, parking, footpaths and includes the three unnamed access lanes that enter GKD from Lini Highway. Construction-phase activities will consist of replacing the existing road and the upgrading, excavation and replacement of drainage structures. Footpaths will be replaced and associated lighting and road signage developed. The pavement surface of GKD and the footpaths is proposed to be concrete due to the high use of the nature of this area. The car park numbers will be reduced to 78 formal marked car parks. 38. The PVUDP design brief (February 2015) and its summary in the PVUDP IEE provides the international standards and protocols that will be implemented for the upgrading of the road systems for the GKD and should be referred to for additional technical details. The GKD roads have been designed and follow a conventional, modern design process using the latest modeling software. The design requires an ongoing, iterative process of review and possible minor adjustments, as the model changes with the emerging opportunities and constraints. This process typically optimizes the major storm water flows, and in addition minimizes civil works and potential disruption to neighboring landowners.




Figure 3. George Kalsakau Drive Proposed Drainage Outfalls including the location of catch pits and sumps for sediment control




39. The roads surface of the GKD (Plate 3 a, b, c & d), the access feeder lanes, associated footpaths (Plate 4 a & b) and parking areas are in need of resurfacing. The roads have been poorly maintained are in very poor condition, consisting in the most part, of a coral limestone surface interspersed with small sections of old road. The carriage way is dominated by a significant number of surface pot holes and road depressions which hold water causing flooding during all rain events creating chaotic traffic and pedestrian conditions. The resulting debris, silt and grit have posed issues for the urban drainage systems, much of which associated with the GKD, CBD and peri-urban areas terminates into the coastal waters of Port Vila Bay.

Plate 3a, b, c & d: Current condition of the road located within the GKD project site.




Plate 4a & b: Current condition of the pedestrian footpaths located within the GKD project site.

2.4 Legislation 40. As part of the PVUDP IEE report, an in depth regulatory review was undertaken of the nation’s environmental legislation and permitting processes to identify the regulative approvals that are required to ensure the projects sub-components can be undertaken. Detailed information pertaining to the legislation and permits has been articulated in this report and should be referred to for further information. Relevant environmental legislation and permits required for the GKD scope of works are provided below.

i) The principal national legislations for drainage and road infrastructure development associated with the GKD project includes:

ii) Environmental Management and Conservation Act No. 12 of 2002 (EMCA) which provides for an affordable framework for environmental protection and compliance within Vanuatu;

iii) Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations (Order No. 175 of 2011) which outlines the process for which an national environmental impact assessment is to be undertaken to seek government approval;

iv) Water Resources Management Act No 9 of 2002 for the construction, operation and/or maintenance of any physical works related to the protection, management and use of water, including any storm water and/or wastewater works;

v) Waste Management Act No 24 of 2014 which provides for the protection of the environment through encouragement of effective waste services and operations;

vi) Public Roads Act No 35 of 2013 which provides for the designation, planning, administration, construction, and maintenance of public roads; and

vii) Control of Nocturnal Noise Act (CAP 40) JR 14 of 1965) which prohibits excessive noise in Port Vila between 9pm and 5am.




3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATED WITH THE GKD WORKS

41. The section below provides a brief summary account of key baseline conditions pertaining to the physical and biological environments directly associated with the GKD sub-project site. Detailed information pertaining to these baseline conditions has been articulated in the PVUDP IEE report and should be referred to for further background information. It is not the intension of this SEMP to duplicate information reported in the IEE, but to identify the existing environments associated with the GKD and the potential environmental impacts directly related to the work activities associated with the GKD that need to be addressed.

3.1 Terrestrial Environment

3.1.1 Existing Terrestrial Environment

42. The GKD site location, its past and current usage (urban CBD) and highly modified environment (cleared and built on land reclamation,) is mainly devoid of terrestrial flora and fauna (CBD area) or a highly modified terrestrial ecosystem dominated by introduced vegetation in the foreshore Sea Front Park. Therefore the project area has extremely low terrestrial flora and fauna populations and biodiversity. The foreshore park, which is directly adjacent to the GKD project site and is situated on a reclaimed parcel of land comprised of medium dense gravelly sand with coral limestone cobbles and occasional boulders (up to 1m in diameter). The foreshore Sea Park area is dominated by mowed grass and a number of large royal Poinciana trees (Delonix regia), Casuarina/sea-oak (Casuarina equisetifolia) and mature coconut trees (Cocos nucifera). 43. In addition, during the original reclamation project, a number of Poinciana and Casuarina trees were planted along both boundaries of GKD road with a number of trees located within the existing footpaths (Plate 5a & b). 44. The trees in the project location, including those of the foreshore park, do not support roosting nor nesting sites of vulnerable or endemic birds or bats. The paucity of flora and fauna at the project is as expected and is consistent with a highly developed urban location adjacent to an industrial port. 45. The GKD site has no freshwater (e.g. rivers streams), forests or mangrove ecosystems, within the area of the project’s influence.




Plate 5 a & b: Location of the Poinciana and Casuarina trees adjacent to the GKD road and footpath.

3.2 Projects Impacts on Terrestrial Environment 46. All but one Poinciana tree due to its location within the GKD will be retained during the GKD scope of works (Plate 6a & b). All work undertaken in close proximity to the existing trees located along the boundary of the GKD and footpaths need to ensure due care is exercised during excavation activities to reduce or avoid damaging the trees’ underground root systems. 47. All works undertaken within the foreshore park including any upgrading of the areas drainage systems associated with the GKD road and drainage improvements are not part of the PVUDP GKD sub component and therefore are not included in this report. 48. Therefore, this project’s road and drainage system upgrades will not have any significant impact on the terrestrial ecosystems within the area of influence for the GKD project.

Plate 6a & b: Location of the Poinciana tree to be removed from the GKD.




3.3 Coastal and Inshore Marine Environment

3.3.1 Coastal Environment

49. The GKD site directly borders the foreshore park (Sea Front Park) that is situated on a reclaimed coastal strip of land that terminates into the shallow coastal intertidal environment of Port Vila bay. The GKD site lies approximately 2km to the north of the nation’s commercial shipping docks and port, which are currently undergoing major refurbishment under a coastal and marine expansion project (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Location of the GKD site to the nations port facilities, Port Vila. 50. The coastal foreshore directly adjacent to the GKD has been highly modified through past reclamation activities including tidal and sub-tidal dredging and the construction of a concrete foreshore sea wall (Plate 7). The sea wall, foreshore park and associated land-based infrastructure will be upgraded and improved through the VTIP, which includes the upgrade activities of the storm water discharge outfall pipes that originate from GKD and terminate through the concrete foreshore wall. Therefore, the GKD sub component scope of works of the PVUDP will not involve any physical construction activities associated with the foreshore park nor the coastal or marine environments. But the works will result in a significant reduction of the current sediment washed from the existing GKD roads and parking that, as described in section 2.3 and 2.4 are in poor repair.




Plate 7 a & b: The foreshore wall adjacent to the GKD, looking north and south, respectively. 51. There will no discharge of wastewater entering the coastal environment during the construction phase of the GKD as the entry points of the exit drainage pipes will be blocked during construction activities. 52. However, once the GKD scope of works has been completed wastewater discharge resulting from rainfall will enter the rehabilitated and up graded drainage systems associated with the GKD and the CBD and discharge into the coastal waters of Port Vila bay. Although the current GKD sediment and contaminant discharges will be reduced by the works, the storm water collected from the CBD roads and drainage system will still be directed through the GKD drainage systems and will discharge through the four outlet pipes into the coastal waters (Figure 3). Therefore the current water quality and potential impacts to the coastal and marine environments discharged by drainage system catchments upstream of GKD will remain unchanged until this part of the catchment is also upgraded.

3.3.2 Marine Inshore Environment

53. The project’s environmental team undertook a preliminary visual ecological assessment of the shallow water coastal marine areas directly adjacent to the four drainage outlets associated with the GKD area of influence. Results are discussed below. 54. The coastal waters within Port Vila bay are subjected to diurnal tides (1.5m height), site specific current and weather patterns that ensure waste water entering this area is diluted and quickly dispersed. 55. All four GKD drainage outlet sites possess similar sub tidal horizontal benthic profiles comprised of a hard substrate with varying levels of finer sediments located on the sea floor interspersed with a number of small size reef derived rocks that are located directly on the substrate. These rocks originate from external sources used for the original land reclamation activities, were naturally present in the area during the construction or moved into the area during periods of inclement weather events (Plate 8 a & b).




Plate 8a & b: Benthic substrate located in close proximity to the drainage outlets along the foreshore Park. 56. Ecosystem diversity and invertebrate and vertebrate population numbers and diversity is very low within the area directly adjacent to the drainage outlets, however percentage live coral cover increases further offshore and adjacent to the drainage outlets. The shallow water inshore environment including directly in front of the drainage outlets supports a healthy population of the long spine black tropical sea urchin Diademia savignyi (Plate 9a). This sea urchin is located in considerable population numbers along the sea wall huddling together during day light hours and feed at night on algae attached to hard rock substrates. Hard and soft coral benthic coverage in close proximity to the outfall areas is less than 5 percent and is dominated by the hard corals Porities sp. (Plate 9b) and Acropora sp. (Plate 9c) and the soft coral of the family Alcyoniidae (e.g. Sarcophyton sp.) (Plate 9d). Several large Porities sp. coral “bommies” are located within the area and all hard and soft coral colonies in general are attached to a hard substrate elevated of the sea floor. Hard and soft coral coverage percentage is similar along the entire length of the sea wall adjacent to the GKD.




Plate 9a, b, c & d: The long spine sea urchin (a) (Diademia savignyi), hard coral colonies, Porities sp.) (b), Acropora sp. (c) and the soft coral Sarcophyton sp (d) located along the foreshore adjacent to the GKD. 57. Low finfish population numbers and species were seen during the rapid assessment with the algal feeding Acanthuridae family (e.g. surgeon fish) the most dominate. Although it is fully acknowledged that the assessment was neither comprehensive nor undertaken at different temporal scales. Several species of marine seaweed (e.g. Padina. sp. Sargassum sp.) were recorded in very low populations and percent benthic coverage attached to the substrate in the areas close to the drainage discharge pipes. Nevertheless the areas adjacent to the GKD possess healthy marine life that, with improved water quality resulting from the GKD and PVUDP scope of works should ensure improvements to this ecosystem. 58. The endangered marine turtles and the rare dugong are reported to utilize Port Vila bay, however these sightings are rare and the scope of works associated with the GKD will have no direct or indirect impact on these animals. There are no marine or coastal protected areas, heritage, and historic or customary sites within the GKD project site or within the project’s area of influence. Nor will the projects construction activities impact or directly affect local fishers or marine tourist operators using the surrounding waters for their daily activities. 59. The paucity of flora and fauna at the proposed site is as expected and is consistent with a highly developed urban location adjacent to a CBD and in close proximity of a commercial port. Therefore, in general terms, the scope of works for the road and drainage systems upgrade will result in no biological impacts of any significance on the near shore coastal marine ecosystems adjacent to the area of influence of the GKD project. Moreover, the proposed scope of improvement works will have a direct positive impact on the wastewater entering the coastal environment through the drainage pipes through the significant improved collection of sediment, pollutants and rubbish. 60. Climate Change adaptation measures have been considered and integrated into the design and program of works for the GKD sub component as well as the PVUDP. Increases in extreme weather patterns and events specifically associated with increased precipitation events will have a direct impact on the GKD roads and drainage system capacity to manage these events and




have been factored into the design. The PVUDP IEE should be referred for any additional Climate Change related information.

3.4 Central Business District 61. The GKD includes a proportion of the Port Vila CBD and includes a wide range of buildings and businesses. All of these are connected to the Port Vila town water system and use septic systems to collect sewage which when holding facilities are full are pumped empty by mobile collection companies and disposed of at the town’s designated waste reception facility. 62. Potential accidental spillage and/or illegal connection from the sewage systems could occur within the CBD, resulting in sewage discharged into the drainage system associated with the GKD. This potential risk is considered low, as all business owners view the management of sewage a high priority for their operations and are required by law to meet the national water and sewage standard, which are monitored. 63. All water used within all building within the CBD including rainwater discharging from roofs is released directly into the drainage system or onto the roads (Plate 10a) Thus, all used water and contaminates are released directly into the environment. Contaminants vary widely and include kitchen and washing wastes (e.g. oils, detergents etc), building and road sediments and petrochemical based products. The potential risk of environmental degradation is a concern and improvements to the management of wastewater within the CBD are required to meet national standards. 64. The town’s power company (UNELCO) operates a power generation plant in the vicinity of the GKD and the Centre Point Petrol station (Pacific Petroleum Company) is located directly adjacent to the GKD (Plate 10b). Both operations have the potential for accidental spillage of petrochemical products to the drainage system within the area. The potential risks are seen as low due to a result of the business operator’s internal operational procedures and government requirements. 65. Many businesses and buildings within the CBD have standby generator systems that are powered by petrol and/or diesel and therefore have the potential through accidental spillage of petrochemical products to enter the drainage system within the area. Although the potential risks are low it could be expected that petrochemical products from generators could enter the drainage system. 66. Currently, these storm water and pollutants directly entering the drainage systems within the CBD are discharged directly into the coastal waters and thus degrading the coastal environment. The proposed sediment, pollution and petrochemical traps (Gross Pollutants Traps) that will be deployed within the CBD area have been designed to contain the above mentioned contaminants and once collected, will greatly reduce current levels of pollution and sediments entering the local marine environment.




Plate 10a & b: CBD building rainwater drains entering the road and the location of the Center Point Petrol Station adjacent to the GKD.




4.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION & PARTICIPATION

67. The PVUDP IEE provides a detailed account of the formal and informal stakeholder consultations that have been undertaken with National, Provincial and Municipal Governments, businesses, NGO’s, communities and wider public which should be referred to for additional information. Information discussed and obtained during these consultation activities were relevant and have been incorporated into the projects design, including the GKD. Continued dialogue through formal and informal meetings will continue throughout the duration of the project to ensure information is exchanged and constructive dialogue is maintained with all stakeholders. Key GKD consultation activities include;

4.1 National Government Level Consultations for the GKD 68. BECA International Consultants Ltd began work on the Project in 2012 and a number of concept design options were prepared from which consultation was undertaken (with a number of Government of Vanuatu Departments, Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC), other stakeholders and the general public). The preferred options for the precincts were confirmed in 2013 and final project designs have been drafted (May 2015). The final draft design has been used to inform the findings within this report. 69. Consultations at the national level were undertaken on a one on one basis with relevant government agencies and Non-Government Organizations (NGO’s) associated with the GKD. The purpose of the consultations was to i) briefly outline the key features of the GKD scope of work (location, road, drainage up grades etc) ii) ascertain key stakeholders’ views and concerns in relation to the proposed developments and iii) obtain information from the national level stakeholders on environmental and social characteristics of the site that would assist in the preparation of the environmental compliance reports for the project. 70. A list of key national stakeholders consulted is provided in Annex 1. Relevant information obtained and comments made during the consultations relating specifically to the CBD and GKD have been internally discussed and incorporated into the SEMP where appropriate. No significant environmental constraints on the proposed project were identified through the national level consultations with all those consulted being supportive of the project. The most significant comments came from business and individual island communities of Port Vila who expressed the importance of project in ensuring that the drainage, roads and sanitation infrastructure of Port Vila are upgraded.

4.2 Provincial, Municipal and Community Level GKD Consultations 71. Shefa Provincial Government, Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC) and community/business consultations in respect of both environmental and social issues associated with the GKD were undertaken in Port Vila between the months of September and November 2014. The purpose of these consultation were to (i) disseminate and communicate an overview of the project and its specific goals and objectives including the areas the project will operate in, (ii) initiate dialogue to discuss and gather information pertaining to the project in general and (iii) to any environmental issues/concerns relating to the project. 72. The project team met specifically (15.10.2014) with the Town Clerk (Mr. Ronald Sandy), Acting Town Planner (Mr. William Frank), and the Sanitation Officer (Mr. Rodger Tari) of the




PVMC and held initial meetings with the business community (particularly building owners) associated with the GKD to (i) introduce and explain the project, including specific activities, requirements and time lines of work activities, (ii) environmental safeguard requirements of the project and its subcomponents, specifically the GKD, (iii) initiate dialogue to discuss and gather information pertaining to the project in general and (iv) to any environmental issues/concerns relating to the project, (v) to initiate a professional working relationship and open communication lines with the PVMC and (vi) to request the PVMC assistance in supporting the projects consultation process. 73. Throughout the GKD project design phase informal discussions have taken place with key community, business, street vendor and government stakeholders that centred around the disclosure of information on the project, which included descriptions of the potential environmental impacts, and to seek feedback relating to the project and any concerns. 74. A specific formal consultation with the owners (Lessee) of the business along GKD was undertaken on the 17th of November 2014 to disclose the specific information associated with the GKD sub component project and to discuss and document valid concerns and issues that were raised. Ten business owners were interviewed (Annex 2). 75. Key concerns raised in respect to the current issues associated with GKD included; (i) poor drainage, road condition and how this affects their livelihoods included; (ii) difficulties associated with accessing the GKD area during periods of high rainfall both for vehicle and pedestrian access, vehicle parking and subsequent loss of income, (iii) health and sanitation concerns especially during periods of poor weather (heavy rain). 76. All stakeholders met were unanimously in support of the project with the general concerns associated with the number and placement of car parks in the new design. A number of stakeholders clearly indicated that they would like to have designated car parking places set aside for their business customers. In addition, all stakeholders raised concerns associated with interference of their daily business activities, customer assess, general safety during the construction phase of the project and awareness of the project among the community. All stakeholders clearly indicated their support for the project, their willingness to work with the contractors to expedite the work, that they perceived no negative environmental issues associated with the project and unanimously indicated the outcomes of this project are positive both in terms of their businesses, environment and the general aesthetics for the public. 77. Continued individual discussions and information exchange with business owners (e.g. 23.01.2015; Ms. Patricia Joli, Manager, Paris Shopping, Mr. Paul Phelan, Owner of the building housing the Jungle Café and Mr. John Tonner – Owner of Jungle Cafe) within the GKD occurred during the month of January, 2015 with all discussions focusing on the long term access and car parking concerns of the business owners.

4.3 Project Disclosure 78. The initial disclosure of the GKD subproject to key government, NGO, institutions and local communities stakeholders was undertaken during the community consultation and participation process delivered during the months of September – November 2014 and follow up consultations (2015) during the delivery of the scope of works. This included a detailed description of the project verbally (language used was targeted to the audience) using a range




of visual communication tools (e.g. maps, diagrams) to ensure an understanding of the project was fully appreciated and included potential social and environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures. 79. The SEMP for the GKD sub component of the PVUDP will be disclosed appropriately to the communities in accordance with the government requirements as per EIA Regulations Order No. 175 (2011). The development of this document has included verbal discussions with appropriate stakeholders and invitation for comment on draft versions to ensure full understanding and compliance to national and municipal regulations. Equally important the ADB will review and comment on the draft report and all comments and recommendation will be reviewed and relevant information incorporated into the final document. 80. The PVUDP communication plan for project is relevant to this SEMP and will provide guidance on the content and spatial delivery of the communication package of the road and drainage sub components. 81. During the construction phase of the GKD, the contractor will, as part of their contract, disclose information on the location and duration of all construction operations. The contractor will assign a liaison officer who will be responsible for receiving, and acting on complaints associated with the GKD sub component. Consultation meetings will be held every month for the duration of the project (expected to be 6 months) to gather feedback and give the opportunity for community members to air any concerns that need to be addressed during construction.

4.4 Project Communication Plan 82. The PVUDP communication plan has been developed and is discussed in detailed in the project IEE and should be referred for additional information. The projects communication plan has two objectives, which are both relevant to the GKD scope of works. This includes:

a. At the project level, internal and external stakeholders are engaged and informed routinely of GKD project outputs and outcomes to contribute, as necessary, for the effective delivery of the sub component; and

b. For the civil works component, the objective is to ensure that the necessary communications are established to manage the contract in accordance with each party’s contractual obligations. Further, to engage, involve and inform communities and other local stakeholders (local business owners) adjacent to the project sites and to provide all parties with a process to deal effectively with complaints arising from the civil works activities.




5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1 Screening of Potential Impacts 83. The SEMP GKD is categorized, through the ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for Roads and Highway checklist as Environmental Category B in accordance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 (ABD, 2009). Therefore as part of the GKD SEMP process, a number of potential impacts and mitigation measures were identified (Annex 3) and thus were screened by the project’s environmental team to determine the level of environmental risk. These potential impacts were analysed through a standard Environmental Risk Management Framework (ERMF) and key issues documented in this report. The risks can be summarized as potential impacts associated with the (i) pre construction (ii) construction and (iii) operation/management phases of the project. 84. In addition, a summary of the potential environmental issues and their likely impacts on physical, biological, socio-economic and physical cultural resources and specific mitigation measures were identified to ensure all such environmental impacts can be avoided or managed to reduce impacts to acceptable levels. These are documented in sections 5.4 through 5.10. 85. The immediate goal and main effect of the sub-project component is to upgrade and modernize the existing vehicle roadway, adjacent footpaths and drainage systems associated with the GKD. This is expected to enhance the experience of the local population and tourists who use the areas shops and other businesses inside and adjacent to the GKD. Increasing the attractiveness of the area to tourists is expected to increase tourism expenditures resulting in more jobs and more income for the local people. 86. Through the screening assessment process there were no social impacts identified for GKD project, however it was identified that public awareness, understanding and information exchange associated with the project is required to ensure community support and compliance. The ADB IEE requirements of Indigenous People (IP) and Involuntary Resettlement (IR) issues associated with the GKD sub component are extremely low and require no additional investigation or reporting.

5.2 Environmental Risk Management Framework (RMF) 87. The environmental risk for the GKD is based on international best practices. Annex 4 provides a detailed description of the processes undertaken to evaluate the risk associated with the GKD and provides a risk assessment matrix presenting the assessment results.

5.3 General Impact Assessment 88. The impact assessment is based on an Environmental Risk and Likely Impact approach (“ERLI”). This approach is used to justify the risk ratings assigned to each of the elements identified. For each potential construction phase impact on the environment identified in this report, two key areas in the impact assessment process have been addressed:

i) Environmental Risk - This essentially considers the risk of irreversible change to natural ecological processes and community interaction; and




ii) Likely Impact - This considers the likely impact of the proposal, as modified and undertaken in accordance with mitigation strategies (including any environmental management plan).

89. The significance of the impacts is placed in an appropriate context in which to justifiably determine the impact’s significance. In particular, the duration of the impact (temporary versus permanent) and reversibility has been considered and the ability of natural systems (including population, communities and ecosystems) to accept or assimilate impacts is addressed. Mitigation strategies are listed for each aspect recording a risk level, these factors have been pre-determined by the REA. 90. The Risk Management Framework (Annex 4) identified that there are no identifiable significant environmental risks for the GKD project scope of works, however a high level of risk was recorded for the construction phase associated with the potential of site contamination due to the use of land based hazardous materials. This is due to the standard materials used during road construction activities, specifically bitumen and concrete used to lay the new road carriageway and petrochemicals (e.g. Fuel, oils) used associated with the machinery. The use of these materials triggers this risk level; however due diligences and standard road building management and monitoring protocols that will be implemented will greatly reduce the potential environmental risk. 91. Of the other ten (10) construction phase risks assessed four (4) recorded medium levels of risk, all of which are associated with elevated noise, dust and vibration levels during construction, the removal of one tree and potential waste materials resulting from the work, 3 recorded low levels and 3 recorded very low levels of environmental risk. The three operational environmental risks assessed resulted in one recording a low level of risk whilst the remaining two recorded a very low potential level of environment risk. 92. The environmental risks identified to be high and of medium risk values including mitigation actions are discussed below. In addition the below section includes a description of safety issues and concerns required to manage the construction phase, which includes protocols and guidelines required to ensure the construction site is managed and meets the requirements to the GoV. Those risks identified as low, very low or no risks are not discussed. Through due diligence and compliance to GoV building and environmental standards will ensure these potential risks remain very low.

5.4 Hazardous Material and Waste Disposal

Impact: Use of hazardous substances during construction, such as oils and lubricants can cause significant impacts if uncontrolled or if waste is not disposed correctly.

The contractor through the CEMP will articulate mitigation measures that will control access to and the use of hazardous substances such as oils and lubricants and control waste disposal.

Detailed information is articulated in the PVUDP IEE however key issues pertaining directly to the GKD project are discussed below.

Mitigation Measures:

The contractor shall ensure implementation of such measures to include; Safe storage of fuel, other hazardous substances and bulk materials are

agreed by DEPC and follow internationally recognized good practice;




Hydrocarbon and toxic material will be stored in adequately protected site/s consistent with national and local regulations and codes of practice to prevent soil and water contamination;

Segregate hazardous wastes (oily wastes, used batteries, fuel drums) and ensure that storage, transport and disposal shall not cause pollution and shall be undertaken consistent with national regulations and code of practice;

All storage containers are in good condition with proper labelling; Regularly check containers for leakage and undertake necessary repair or

replacement; Store hazardous materials above possible flood level; Discharge of oil contaminated water shall be prohibited; Used oil and other toxic and hazardous materials shall be disposed of off-site

at a facility authorized by the DEPC; Adequate precautions will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hydrocarbon

contamination of drainage channel beds; Spill clean-up materials will be made available before works commence (e.g.,

absorbent pads, etc.) specifically designed for petroleum products and other hazardous substances where such materials are being stored;

Spillage, if any, will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces; and

All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations complying with all the applicable statutory stipulations; and

Provided the Materials and Spoil Management Plan (MSMP) is prepared, approved and implemented in accordance with the above recommendations the environmental impacts associated with hazardous waste management are expected to be negligible.

5.5 Air Quality

Impact: Air quality conditions within the GKD project area are expected to be temporally reduced during the construction phase of the project through increased dust production resulting from construction activities and vehicle movements. Impacts will be sporadic and subjected to the existing weather conditions during the construction period.

The implementation of best practices mitigation and management measures will greatly reduce potential impacts.


The contractor shall ensure implementation of such measures to include; Reduce the speed of all vehicles within the GKD site to 30 Km/h and a

reduction of speed through settlement areas; Speed limit signboards to be erected and fixed within the GKD site; The material carrying trucks should be covered with a tarpaulin so that the

construction material will not be spilled while transporting to the project site from the construction yard;

Facility for regular cleaning and wetting of the corridor should be provided to limit the dust emission were required;

Regularly cleaning (washing) of construction vehicles in a dedicated location to reduce dust;

The construction equipment and all vehicles used should be well maintained




and emission level should be kept low; Stockpiles of construction material where possible should not be placed in

the vicinity of the coastal shoreline to avoid possible contamination. If stockpiles are required they are to be placed in areas away from the coastline, covered by tarpaulin and proper care will be taken that the material will not be washed in to the coastal waters; and

The construction debris will not be left on the construction site but it will be removed to a dedicated waste disposal sites.

5.6 Noise Levels

Impact: Temporary impacts in the immediate vicinity due to noise generating from construction activities superimposed by existing vehicular noise and other activities within the Port Vila CBD is of utmost importance. Noise levels in this area will increase due to the activities of the project and are expected to range between 80 to 90 dB (A). The magnitude of impacts will depend upon specific types of equipment to be used, the construction methods employed and the scheduling of the work.

The largest noise impact will be generated from construction site traffic transporting materials and equipment to the site and operation of machinery at the site. This will be temporary and sporadic over the construction period.

Implementation of good practice construction methods such as using well maintained powered mechanical equipment equipped with silencers would ensure impacts are minimized and acceptable.

All construction operations will be scheduled to coincide and abide with the Port Vila Control of Nocturnal Noise Act which restricting all associated work activities of this project between the hours of 5 AM and 9 PM daily.


Machinery and vehicles will be maintained regularly, with particular attention to silencers and mufflers, to keep construction noise levels to minimum;

Protection devices (ear plugs or ear muffs) will be provided to the workers operating in the vicinity of high noise generating machines; and

All construction and vehicle movement that may increase noise levels will be restricted to the hours of 5 am to 9 pm daily.

5.7 Water Quality Impact: During the construction phase of the project there is the potential, if not

correctly managed, for localized and short-term water contamination resulting from runoff including suspended sediments and construction contaminants entering the surrounding environment and possibly the inshore coastal marine areas. There is also the potential of hazardous chemicals (e.g. petrochemicals) resulting from the construction activities being involved (see section 6.4 above).

Construction activities that may result in degrading the water quality include; Clearance of the project site and temporary stockpiling of excavated

materials; Excavation and resurfacing works associated with construction of:

• Access roads in the project area; and • Site drainage systems.

Spoil disposal from excavation works.




Implementation of good practice construction methods will ensure impacts are minimized and acceptable.


A range of proven mitigation measures associated with good construction practice will be implemented during the up grading of the road and site drainage to avoid or minimize sedimentation impacts in the project area. As a minimum these mitigation measures will include: Minimizing the vegetation clearance; Cover/stabilize all exposed surfaces and excavated materials during

construction; Implementing effective construction site drainage such that runoff is

directed to sediment traps before discharge to the environment and Port Vila harbour;

All waste water should not be directed nor spill onto the green areas associated with the foreshore park;

Close construction supervision to ensure the above measures are implemented; and

Provisions of stop work during periods of rainfall and avoid the construction during the nation’s wet season wet (January - April).

Effective implementation of the above mitigation measures will ensure that the potential short term impacts on water quality resulting from the construction phase of the Project will be of reduced and managed.

5.8 Construction Material and Spoil Waste Management

Impact: Moderate amounts of limestone aggregates, sand and cement and other equipment and materials will be required for the up-grade and replacement construction of the roads and drainage systems. It is envisaged that a dedicated borrow pit /quarry will not be required for the GKD project and that aggregates can be sourced from existing sources on Efate Island. Excavation activities will be limited with a corresponding limited volume of excess spoil needing to be disposed of.

Materials sources will be identified by the contractor and will be detailed in MSMP as part of the CEMP. Both these management plans are articulated in the PVUDP IEE however key issues pertaining directly to the GKD project are highlighted below.

The contractor will be required to prepare and implement a MSMP to minimize the use of non-renewable resources and provide for safe disposal of excess spoil. As a first priority, where surplus materials arise from the removal of the existing surfaces these will be used elsewhere on the project for fill (if suitable) before additional rock, gravel or sand extraction is considered. The MSMP will include as a minimum consideration of the following: Required materials, potential sources and estimated quantities available; Impacts related to identified sources and availability; Excavated material for reuse and recycling methods to be employed; Excess spoil to be disposed of and methods proposed for disposal

endorsement/Permit from PVMC and DEPC for the disposal of excess spoil; and




Methods of transportation to minimize interference with normal traffic.

Moreover the contractor will be responsible for;

Identifying suitable sources and obtaining all agreements associated with the sources;

Fill requirements to minimize need for aggregates from other sources; Managing topsoil, overburden, and low-quality materials so they are

properly removed, stockpiled short term near the site (covered to prevent runoff), and preserved for reuse; and,

Arranging for the safe disposal of any excess spoil including provision for stabilization, erosion control, drainage and re-vegetation provisions at the disposal site.


Contractor to prepare MSMP as part of CEMP; Construction materials, such as sand, aggregate needed for concrete should

come from existing quarries, in compliance with government regulations; All excess spoil and construction waste material not to be dumped;

On wetlands, forest areas, coastal and other ecologically sensitive areas; On private property without written consent of the owner;

In to any water course and should not contaminate any water course; The vehicles used should be fitted with spill proof equipment; There should be direction boards that are easy to read and accessible to

all construction staff providing route to be used to the disposal site, conformity using this route needs to be ensured.

All workers at the disposal yard should be provided with; Safety attire (Personal Protective Equipment – (PPE); Proper training and knowledge associated with health hazards associated

with the work. Effective implementation of the MSMP by the contractor as outlined above

will ensure that potential environmental impacts associated with the management and disposal of construction materials will be negligible.

5.9 Safety Issues

Impact: A Health and Safety Plan (HSP) as part of the CEMP is required to be developed by the contractor to establish; (i) routine safety measures and reduce risk of accidents during construction; (ii) include emergency response and preparedness; and (iii) accidental spill procedures highlighting the sizes and types of spills that may occur, and the resources (onsite and/or offsite) that will be required to handle and treat the spill.

The HSP will cover both Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) (workers) and community health and safety. The HSP will be appropriate to the nature and scope of construction activities and as much as reasonably possible meet the requirements of good engineering practice and national regulations (OH&S Act, 2002). The HSP will include agreement on consultation requirements (workers) established in the PVUDP Communication Plan, establishment and monitoring of acceptable practices to protect safety, links to the complaints management system for duration of the works (in accordance with agreed




GRM, and system for reporting of accidents and incidents. Mitigation Measures:

Before construction commences the contractor will conduct training for all workers on environmental safety and environmental hygiene. The contractor will instruct workers in health and safety matters as required by good engineering practice and national regulations;

Ensure an adequate spill response kits are provided, accessible and that designated key staff are trained in its use;

Ensure that first aid, including the provision of trained personnel, is available on site and arrangements in place to ensure the removal for medical attention of workers who have suffered an accident or sudden illness at the construction site;

The manner in which first aid facilities and personnel are to be provided should be prescribed by national laws or regulations, and drawn up after consulting the competent health authority and representative organizations of employers and workers concerned;

Regular meetings will be conducted to maintain awareness levels of health and safety issues and requirements;

Legal working hours and official holidays to be respected; Vanuatu minimum wage requirements to be observed; Workers shall be provided (before they start work) with appropriate PPE

suitable for civil work such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective clothes, goggles, and ear protection at no cost to the workers. Instructions on their use around the construction site will be delivered as part of the safety introduction procedures and site agents/foremen will follow up to see that the safety equipment is used and not sold on;

The site office and works yard will be equipped with first aid facilities including first aid kits in construction vehicles;

Provision of potable water supply at the work site; Child labour laws are to be strictly enforced at all work sites; Work place labour laws are to be strictly enforced at all work sites; All signage are to be in Bislama (local language) and repeated in either/or

English and French, the two official national languages of Vanuatu; and All measures related to workers safety & health protection shall be free of

charge to workers. The workers OH&S plan is to be submitted by the contractor before construction commences and should include public safety and be approved by the VPMU.

5.10 Construction Site

Impact: The workforce is expected to be small and it is unlikely that there will be need for accommodation at the site. However, a site storage/maintenance area is likely to be established for the duration of the construction period.

Workers access to portable toilets and associated sanitation facilities will be provided at each work site.

The contractor will be required to adopt good management practices to ensure that both physical impacts and social impacts associated with a storage/maintenance area are minimized. All fuels, raw sewage, wastewater effluent, and construction debris associated with the construction storage/maintenance area is disposed of appropriately. Social impacts have




not been identified as an issue with the GKD project, however measurers need to be in place to address potential conflict issues between (i) workers, (ii) workers and the contractor and (iii) the contractor and works with the general public. The GKD is located within the CBD of Port Vila and therefore interaction between the general public and contractor/workers is high. Public understanding and support is required to ensure the success of the project.

Road and drainage upgrades will require some shallow excavation work which may potentially affect water and to a lessor degree power supply lines (power poles above ground are generally used).


The contractor will put up notice boards regarding the scope and schedule of construction, as well as certain construction activities causing disruptions or access restrictions;

The facilities (storage and maintenance) will be fenced and sign-posted and unauthorized access or entry by general public will be prohibited;

All notice board to be written in Bislama and/or English and French; For unskilled activities and labour, ever effort to hire local people (including

women) for these positions should be a priority: Accidental damage to utilities will be minimized by (i) obtaining plans from the

Public works identifying locations of pipelines and power cables and (ii) consultation with local business owners and staff on the location of utilities prior to commencing excavation operations.

93. In summary, the SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The upgrading of the GKD road and associated drainage systems has a very low environmental footprint. When completed there will be a marked improvement to the environment due to markedly better quality stormwater discharge, improved access for business owners/operators and the general public. 94. The GKD as part of the VTIP will greatly improve the general amenity and appearance of the CBD area of Port Vila. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, very localized, and are acceptable providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the EMP are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Due diligence during the construction phase and careful monitoring is essential to ensuring environmental impacts are minimal.




6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

95. An EMP addresses the environmental impacts during the design, construction and operational phases of a project. It outlines the key environmental management and safeguards that will be initiated by the project proponent to manage the project’s key environmental impacts. They provide tools for mitigating or offsetting the potential adverse environmental impacts resulting from various activities of the project and management measures that are to be applied during the projects implementation to avoid, reduce and mitigate adverse environmental impacts. 96. The purpose of the GKD subproject EMP is to; Encourage good management practices through planning and commitment to environmental

safeguarding and management; Provide rational and practical environmental and social guidelines that will assist in

minimizing the potential environmental impact of activities; Helps in minimizing disturbance to the environment (physical, biological and ecological,

socioeconomic, cultural, and archaeological); Combat all forms of pollution through monitoring air, noise, land, water, waste and natural

resources; Prevent land degradation; Comply and adhere to all applicable laws, regulations, standards and guidelines of GoV and

the ADB safeguard policy of ADB, for the protection of the environment; To adopt best practicable waste management for all types of waste (liquid and solid) with the

objective to prevention, minimization, recycling, treatment or disposal of wastes; Describe all monitoring procedures required to identify impacts on the environment and

social aspects; Train and bring awareness to employees and contractors with regard to environmental

obligations and compliance; Reduce environmental and social risk and provide better Health, Safety and Environment

(HS&E); and Prevention of marine outfalls and to sustain the marine environment to the extent possible. 97. The SEMP assessment of the GKD upgrading of roads and associated drainage systems has determined that the project will have no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. Impacts arising from the construction of the project are minor, very localized, temporal specific and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the projects EMP is adhered to. There are no foreseeable environmental issues associated with the long term operation of the GKD road and drainage systems as long as regular maintenance is undertaken. 98. This EMP has been developed to outline the measures that are to be implemented in order to minimize adverse environmental impacts associated with the construction and upgrading of the road and drainage systems of the GKD project. It serves as a guide for the contractor and the workforce on their roles and responsibilities concerning environmental management on site and outlines the potential environmental impacts their mitigation measures, roles and responsibilities and timescales.




99. The EMP has been presented in two cross referenced tables, defining impact mitigative measures needed to prevent or reduce effects (the Environmental Mitigation Table or EMiT Section 6.2) and monitoring actions to track compliance and effectiveness of the mitigative measure (the Environmental Monitoring Table or EMoT- Section 6.3). The EMP also includes location, time and responsibility information, permitting follow up investigators to track all work undertaken. 100. The GKD EMP is to be used throughout the project’s life cycle–commissioning, mobilization, construction, operation and maintenance and is to be regularly updated and amended when required, to ensure alignment with progress. It has been developed to ensure it is directly linked to the overall EMP for the PVUDP and as such the implementation arrangements, environmental management responsibilities and institutional roles and responsibilities are the same. These are summarized briefly below however the PVUDP EMP should be referred for any additional background information. 101. The GKD project will be implemented under a Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC) who will be responsible for all project works associated with the GKD subcomponent project including the management of the works contractor. Provisions have been made for a National Environmental Specialist (NES) to be engaged to ensure environmental safeguards identified in this SEMP are implemented in accordance to GoV requirements. 102. The MFEM is the executing agency for the project and the MIPU, PWD and DEPC are the implementing agencies. The DEPC, supported by the DSC, will be responsible for ensuring, on a day-to-day basis, that the EMP is implemented during each stage of the projects delivery. 103. A contractor/s will be engaged to undertake the proposed road and drainage upgrade construction activities based on the projects detailed and approved plans. The projects contractor/s will be hired through a competitive tendering process that meets GoV requirements and procedures. The contractor will be responsible for ensuring that all design and construction environmental mitigation requirements specified are properly implemented during construction. The contractor will be required to describe the contactor’s construction methodology, measures and plans for implementing the EMP and as such must prepare a CEMP and a Social Environmental Management Plan for the GKD construction site. The contractor will need to incorporate and adopt the following principles:

a. Compliance with the conditions of any approvals; b. Compliance with environmental legislation; c. Maintain a site diary and grievance registry; d. Manage environmental risks associated with the project; e. Maintain a healthy safe work practices for the workers, nearby commercial operators,

residents and the general public; f. Identify, control and where possible minimize the adverse environmental impacts arising

from the works; g. Prevent pollution, minimize waste and maximize resource use efficiency; and h. Communicate openly with the government and the stakeholders regarding the

environmental performance. 104. The CEMP shall be reviewed by the VPMU and recommended for approval by the DEPC prior to the contractor’s mobilization to the site. The contractor will be required to report on the




implementation status of the EMP to DEPC or its designator agency. The contractor’s requirements will be detailed in the scope of works and will include the following issues in no order of importance: 105. Tree Protection: to avoid damage to retained trees and maintain the health of the trees and other vegetation where possible;

Erosion and Sediment Control: To minimize the amount of sediment lost from the site; Dust Control: Responsible to control the dust emission from the construction activity; Health and Safety: to provide for safety of construction personnel and local population; Traffic Safety: To minimize the risk of accidents during the construction; Noise: Minimize the nuisance from the construction noise; Personal Protective Equipment: The contractor should provide all PPE to conform to

safety regulations; Care to be taken not to disturb the children’s park, adjacent to the GKD should not be

disturbed nor restrict children playing in the park; The labor (work force) should not interfere with the local population; Social and Community concern: to minimize social and community impacts; and Signage: The contractor should place signage in accessible location to inform the

general public about the hours of work. 106. The EMP prepared as part of this SEMP includes nine (9) preconstruction mitigative and monitoring actions, sixteen (16) construction mitigative and monitoring actions and two (2) operating mitigative and monitoring actions. 107. Most important action required during the pre-construction phase will be the distribution of the environmental documentation, including the Environment and Mitigation Plans to all stakeholders including the successful contractor(s), acquisition of all permits and consents requirements, the completion of a pre-construction briefing/workshop for the relevant government agencies, the contractor and relevant key business and community stakeholders. During the construction period, environmentally responsible construction practices, management of all wastes and proper disposal is required and will be enforced. Due diligence and consideration of the CBD business operators, their customers and the general public needs guide construction activities to reduce inconveniences as best as possible. The development and implementation of a long-term maintenance program (including the allocation of suitable funds) is required to ensure the road surfaces and drainage systems continue to successfully operate. 108. The Department of Geology, Mines & Water Resources (DGMWR) as mandated by the Water Resources Management Act 2002 will be responsible for all water monitoring (freshwater and marine) associated with the PVUDP. The PVUDP will make every effort to provide support where required to assist the DGMWR to ensure the projects water monitoring activities are undertaken. Technical assistance and funds through the PVUDP may be required. Specific freshwater monitoring activities are not required for the GKD sub-component, as these activities will be undertaken for the larger comprehensive PVUDP. Similarly, there is no marine water quality monitoring required for the GKD sub component as the project does not impact coastal waters. It is understood at the writing of this report that the VTIP project due to their direct construction activities associated with the coastal foreshore and marine areas will be developing marine waters monitoring program. Results obtained through this program will provide direct data on quality adjacent to the GKD.




109. Reporting will be completed regularly during the construction period, and will include monthly reports from the contractor to the PVUDP, and quarterly reports prepared by the PVUDP to the VPMU as detailed in the EMP- EMoT.

6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 110. A PVUDP GRM has been established to address any concerns, complaints and grievances arising during the course of implementing the PVUDP and its subcomponent projects including the GKD. Members of the public may perceive risks to themselves or their property, or have concerns about the environmental performance of the project. These issues may relate to construction and operation and therefore they will have rights to file complaints for the contractor and the VPMU to address promptly and sensitively, and for complaints to be made without retribution. 111. The GRM for the GKD includes the following; The Contractor will maintain a register of any community grievances and that register will

record the grievance and the resolution measures taken. The Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer (CLO) will be frequently on site and will receive and register complains in the first instant. The register will be made available for inspection by the authorized representatives of the Employer.

There will be a dedicated landline number installed by the PVUDP and all complaints received will be recorded using a software spread sheet that will then be attended to accordingly by the Community and Gender Participation Specialist (CGPS). This compliant spread sheet will also be made available for inspection by the authorized representatives of the Employer.

Any land grievances associated with the civil works will follow the same procedure of communication where the complaint will be registered by the CLO or by contacting the dedicated landline established by the project. In considering that the MOUs or consents would have been already executed, this should already be a mitigation measure to avoid any significant grievances.

112. For all general GRM associated with the GKD (and all sub components of the PVUDP) the following mechanisms will be used for all grievances (diagrammatically represented in Figure 5). All minor land related grievances that can be resolved immediately on the site. Other land

related grievances would be handled separately. The focus of the GRM is to resolve issues in a customarily appropriate fashion at the community level.

Community concerns, complaints and grievances will be taken and registered into the Complaints log by the Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer (CLO). Should the CLO or an individual not be satisfied with any aspect of their communication in relation to issue on site, the matter will then be taken to the Resident Engineer. If the Resident Engineer cannot resolve the issue, then it will be referred to the Engineer or higher, until the grievance is resolved.

It is unlikely that non-land related grievances would progress beyond the Engineer level for resolution. Should a grievance proceed to the Employer level and resolution not be achieved at that level, then the Employer would have no option but to withdraw the Contractor from the site and for the grievance to be handled through legal processes.




The Contractor will maintain a register of any community grievances and that register will record the grievance and the resolution measures taken. Any authorized representatives of the Employer will make the register available for inspection. The Contractor will inform the Resident Engineer of all grievances received including those that have been resolved.

Figure 5. General Grievance Mechanism Flow Chart for the PVUDP 113. For the GKD GRM the following mechanisms will be used for all grievances; For each site, a consent between VPMU and site stakeholders (including landholders) has

been signed in which the stakeholders have agreed to the construction of the road or drainage. Any minor land related grievances associated with the Contractor’s site operations will be handled using the mechanism shown above. Any other land related grievances are not the responsibility of the Contractor, Field Superintendent or Engineer to resolve.

Land related grievances, other than minor grievances described above, will be managed in accordance with the relevant legislation. The following principles have been developed to ensure the successful implementation, these include; Mechanisms and procedures will provide for two-way communication; Culturally and gender appropriate communication and consultation mechanisms will be

used; Existing communications methods will be used where they meet the individual

communication need; The contracts for roads and drainage, sludge treatment and sanitation facilities will

include Contractor obligations for communicating with project communities and stakeholders through a permanent CLO;

Complaints handling procedures will be established and will provide a process for dissatisfied complainants to take their complaints to a higher level;

Communication and consultation will be treated as a routine procedures; and Communications procedures will be refined as necessary throughout the life of the

PVUDP.

Resolution

No resolution

Individual or group

Community Liaison

Officer

Resident Engineer

Engineer

Employer




Landowners and community representatives have signed consent for both land and non-land structures for each potentially affected site agreeing to the proposed construction activity taking place. Should a dispute arise over land ownership such a dispute would only affect the works if one of the disputing parties objected to the works taking place. In that case, site works would stop and the contractor would be withdrawn from the site until the land ownership was resolved in accordance with the procedures laid down in the Act. Works at the site would only resume after land ownership was resolved and the decision from the customary meeting determined landowners agreeing to work resuming.




6.2 Environmental Management Plan: Mitigation Table (EmiT)

Environmental Issue Project Activity

Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility

Implementation Supervision

1.0 PRE-CONSTRUCTION PERIOD

1.1 Development Consent and Permit Acquisition

Consult VPMU (DEPC), submit SEMP GKD and make development consent application under statutory process.

Ensure DEPC, approved EMP and any conditions of development consent are included in Contractors contract documents including: i) requirement for Contractor to seek VPMU approval and update

EMP if significant changes are made to original design, ii) requirement for Contractor to prepare a CEMP (based on

EMP) for approval of VPMU before commencement of construction phase. The CEMP will demonstrate the manner (location, responsibilities, schedule/ timeframe, budget, etc.) in which the contractor will implement the mitigation measures specified in the EMP approved under MNRE development consent.

Disclose SEMP project documents including Communication plan and established GRM.

VPMU and DEPC

Once Contractor has been selected.

DSCD PWD

1.2 Climate Change Adaptation Measures evaluated and incorporated into GKD design.

Design criteria in respect to extreme weather events (e.g. cyclones, tsunami) resulting in flooding, strong winds. Construction material used is salt water and tropical resistant, built to withstand high rainfall and practical for local conditions, including long term maintenance and cleaning.

PWD and DEPC

Civil design specifications in tender document and contract awarded.

DSCD VPMU, PWD

1.3 General ecological principles applied to design.

Ensure design takes into account minimal disturbance of surround ecosystems and sound management of wastes associated with the GKD road and drainage upgrades.

PWD and DEPC

Incorporated into the Engineering Design Documents

DSCD VPMU, PWD DSCD Team

1.4 Environmentally responsible procurement.

Specify in tender document qualified staffs are required to implement, manage, and monitor environmental and safety issues of the project.

EMP included in bid documents to ensure that mitigation measures are budgeted and to prepare the contractor for environmental responsibilities.

Contractor to submit site specific environmental management plan (CEMP) based on contractual EMP.

PWD, Contractor, DSCD.

Specifications in tender document and contract awarded.

DSCD, PWD, Contractor

VPMU,PWD DSCD Team





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


1.5 Environmental capacity development

VPUM and/or PVUDP to commit sufficient resources for project duration to oversee EMP implementation.

VPUM and/or PVUDP funds for general training and awareness of safeguards requirements (e.g. workshops and on-the-job training).

Conduct contractor / workers’ orientation on EMP provisions.

PWD, DSCD team and contractor.

Prior to start of site works and throughout construction phase.

VPMU, DSCD and contractor

PWD

1.6 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) measures not specified in Bid Documentation

Inclusion of OH&S requirements in Bid Documentation including: Allocation of responsibility for safety inspections to a designated,

qualified and experienced Health and Safety Officer (HSO) within the Contractor’s staff;

Training of workers on safety precautions, for themselves and others and for implementing emergency procedures;

Provision of protective clothing and equipment to workers as appropriate;

Ensuring that vehicle and equipment operators are properly licensed and trained;

Arranging for provision of first aid facilities; Emergency evacuation procedures; Provision for regular safety checks of vehicles and material; Provision of hazard warning signs at the all construction sites; and Requirement for the Contractor to maintain a register of accidents

detailing date, circumstances, severity, action taken and outcomes.

GKD work site and all associated work activities.

Prior to start of works program.

Project Contractor & DSCD

PWD

1.7 Potential risk of social disruption of Port Vila CBD activities and interactions with community due to project of work.

Site office and works yard established in conjunction with business and Port Vila Municipal Office.

Municipal and community protocols discussed/ agreed and all workers informed and aware as part of induction process.

Contractor responsible to ensure compliance of all workers to municipal and community rules and codes of conduct.

Appropriate signage and security in implemented at project sites.


Prior to start of works program.

Project Contractor & DSCD

PWD

1.8 Failure to brief, understand and train VPMU and Contractor(s) in EMP implementation.

EMP provided to VPMU within the GKD SEMP. EMP included in contractors tender bid documents. Workshop and

information interactive exchange opportunity delivered Information exchange

VPMU office Prior to start of works program.

DSCD PWD

1.9 Potential risks due to public not well informed on the Grievance Redress Mechanism

A stakeholder participatory meeting is required prior to commencement of work, to ensure business and general public are aware of the GRM and how it is operated.


Prior to start of works program

DSCD PWD





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


(GRM) and how it is operated.

2.0 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2.1 Accident risks from mobilizing construction equipment.

To the extent possible, avoid the mobilization of heavy equipment’s at night.

All vehicle movements during standard daily working hours. Over-width and over-length vehicles should display adequate

warnings such as flashing lights, signs, and flags on extending parts of equipment.

Designated routes for construction vehicles, stakeholders informed, local speed limits and road rules adhered to.

Provision of signboards for the safe movement of the pedestrians. Details of any necessary road or lane closure, diversion or

deviations.

GKD work site and all associated work locations.

Continuous during the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD, Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police Force and PVMC Wardens.

2.2 Accident risk from construction activity.

Safety awareness and education will be provided to all workers and will include;

Warning and/or Precaution Signs on safety throughout the GKD area.

Safety Helmets. Instruction on health and safety for the workforce engaged in the

construction. Establishment of all relevant safety measures required by GoV

laws, donor agency and good engineering practices. Provision and accessibility of first aid facilities at the construction

sites.



Contractor PWD, Department of Labour, Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police Force and PVMC Wardens.

2.3 Accidental damage to property.

Ensuring that all works operations take place in the presence of the Contractor’s supervisor, who is responsible for ensuring all reasonable precautions are undertaken to prevent damage to property.

The contractor supervisor is fully aware of the GKD GRM.




2.4 Accidental damage to utilities

Obtaining plans from the PVMC and relevant government and public agencies showing the locations of pipelines and power cables, and mark prior to start of works program.

Consultation with local business on the location of utilities prior to commencing excavation operations.


Continuous but prior to the start of excavation works and during the Construction stage.


2.5 Construction waste

Preparation and implementation of waste management plan by contractor before start of work.

GKD work site and all

Continuous during the

Contractor PWD, DEPC, Traffic Unit of





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


disposal and wastewater from construction site.

No waste should be dumped within the GKD site nor close to any coastal line;

Waste to be immediately removed from the GKD site and disposed off at the projects dedicated and approved waste management site.

All wastewater is to be preventing as best as possible from entering the adjacent terrestrial and coastal marine waters.

Siltation traps will be placed at the construction sites to regulate and manage wastewater sedimentation issues.

associated work locations.

Construction stage.

Vanuatu Police Force and PVMC Wardens.

2.6 Improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes.

Segregation of wastes shall be observed and provisions supplied (e.g. waste collection bins).

Organic (bio-degradable) waste material shall be collected and disposed of offsite by compositing (no burning on site).

All non-hazardous wastes to be disposed off at the projects dedicated and approved waste management site.



Contractor PWD, DEPC, Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police Force and PVMC Wardens.

2.7 Pollution due to use and storage of hazardous substances.

Hydrocarbon and toxic materials to be stored in adequately protected sites to prevent soil and water contamination, while vehicle maintenance and refuelling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed to contain spilled lubricants and fuels.

Fuel depot shall be provided with impervious flooring and bund/containment wall to keep spilled fuel/lubricant within the depot;

Locate storage areas for petrochemical products including bitumen at least 500 meters from the coastline.

Used oil and other toxic and hazardous materials shall be disposed of in an authorized facility off-site.

Spill waste will be disposed at disposal sites approved by local authorities.

Employ safe practices in filling bitumen distributor tanks and in heating bitumen. Do not allow smoking or fire of any kind in the vicinity of bitumen and kerosene blending tanks. Provide a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher at the bitumen tank site for fire fighting.

Stop road asphalting and/or concreting activities during periods of heavy rainfall.

Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hydrocarbon contamination of the drainage systems. Spillage, if any, will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces.

All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat








Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


emergency situations complying all the applicable statutory stipulation.

The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization

Bitumen will not be allowed to enter drainage systems and nor will be disposed of in ditches or small waste disposal sites prepared by the contractor.

Bitumen storage and mixing areas shall be protected against spills and all contaminated soil must be properly handled according to applicable national and local laws and regulation. As a minimum, these areas must be contained, such that any spills can be immediately contained and cleaned up. Any petroleum products used in the preparation of the bitumen mixture must also be carefully managed to avoid spills and contamination of the local water table.

2.8 Noise and Vibration.

Provide information to nearby business/residents about the duration of noise generating operations.

Planning of construction operations to minimize public nuisance. All construction vehicles and machinery to have working mufflers

and they will be properly maintained and conform to GoV noise emission requirements.

Activities that will generate high noise levels will be scheduled to coincide with period when people are least likely to be affected.

All construction activities generating noise to be undertaken between the hours of 5 AM and 9 PM daily.

Enforcement of regulations subsequent to public awareness.



Contractor PWD, PVMC Wardens, DEPC, and Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police Force.

2.9 Dust and Air Pollution.

Provide information to nearby business/residents about the duration of dust generating operations.

Maintain all construction vehicles to minimize toxic vehicle emission.

Sprinkle water on the road surface to prevent dust emissions. Regular wetting or coverage of stockpiled material to ensure dust

is not given off during windy conditions. Prompt removal of waste material to reduce potential dust. Concrete batching plant shall be located at least 500 m from

settlements and market areas.




2.10 Erosion and sediment control.

Storage and reuse of top soil and stockpiles. Disposal of spoils off site. Coverage of all spoils at the site.

GKD work site and all associated

During the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD, DEPC, Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


Silt control, using sediment traps to collect and prevent the distribution of during construction.

Vegetation disturbance/removal limited. Management of sediment laden water.

work locations.

Force and PVMC Wardens.

2.11 Removal of vegetation.

Removal of one single Poinciana tree (Delonix regia) is required to upgrade the GKD road.

Care needs to be exercised during construction to avoid physical damage to the existing trees and below ground systems associated with GKD to ensure survival.

Due care needs to be exercised in situations where practical root systems are required to be removed for construction and long term management of the GKD.

If during contractors requires additional removal of trees and or root systems discussions and approval is required from the PWD before work can be undertaken.


During the Construction stage.


2.12 Traffic disruption during construction.

Provide information to nearby business/residents about the duration of traffic disruptions and describe operations that will be undertaken.

Employ “flag men” to regulate the traffic flow at every construction area.

Minimise nuisance to daily activities within the GKD.



Contractor PWD, PVMC Wardens and Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police Force.

2.13 Minimize social and community impacts.

Methods of communication with key stakeholders, affected parties and the owners/occupiers of the neighbouring properties regarding the: Likely timing and duration of work. Alternative routes. Access to properties.

Details of prior consultation and outline any measures developed with such group to manage or mitigate adverse effects.




2.14 Public Health and Safety Risks.

Barriers (e.g., temporary fence) shall be installed at construction areas to deter pedestrian access to the roadway except at designated crossing points.

The general public/local residents shall not be allowed in high-risk areas, e.g., excavation sites and areas where heavy equipment is in operation.

The tourists will not be allowed at the construction sites. Speed restrictions shall be imposed on Project vehicles.



Contractor PWD, Traffic Unit of Vanuatu Police Force and PVMC Wardens.

2.15 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S).

Workers shall be provided with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as safety shoes, hard hats, safety glasses, earplugs, gloves, etc.

GKD work site and all associated

Continuous during the Construction

Contractor PWD, Department of Labour, Traffic Unit of Vanuatu





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


The contractor shall orient workers on health and safety issues related to their activities as well as on the proper use of PPE.

Where worker exposure to traffic cannot be completely eliminated, protective barriers shall be provided to shield workers from traffic vehicles. Another measure is to install channelling devices (e.g., traffic cones and barrels) to delineate the work zone.

Workers shall be provided with potable water supply. Provision of distinguishing clothing or reflective devices or

otherwise conspicuously visible material when there is regular exposure of workers to danger from moving vehicles.

Monitoring and control of the working environment and planning of safety and health precautions should be performed as prescribed by national laws and regulations.

Workers who have received appropriate training in accordance with national laws and regulations shall operate construction equipment.

The drivers and operators of vehicles and materials handling equipment shall be medically fit, trained and tested and of a prescribed minimum age as required by the government rules and regulation.

Safety provisions shall be brought to the notice of all concerned by displaying or notice board at a prominent place at the work locations.

The contractor shall be responsible for observance, by his sub-contractors, of all health and safety provisions.

The contractor should take adequate measures for the health of workers including the control of malaria and other mosquito vector diseases.

All vehicles used in the construction yard should have reverse horns.

There should be proper demarcation of work areas with signage boards showing the work areas. The signboards should be in local language and English and/or French. .

Suitable warning should be displayed at all places where contact with or proximity to electrical equipment can cause danger.

Persons having to operate electrical equipment should be fully instructed as to any possible danger of the equipment concerned. All the electrical equipment should be inspected before it is taken into use to ensure that it is suitable for its purpose.

Water transport tanks, storage tanks and dispensing container

work locations.

stage. Police Force and PVMC Wardens.





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


should be designed, used, cleaned and disinfected at suitable intervals in a manner approved by the competent authority.

Water that is unfit to drink should be conspicuously indicated by notices prohibiting workers from drinking it.

Secure storage areas should be provided for flammable liquids, solids and gases such as liquefied petroleum gas cylinder, paints and other such materials in order to deter trespassers.

Smoking should be strictly prohibited and no smoking notices be predominantly displayed in all places containing readily combustible or flammable materials

Only suitably protected electrical installations and equipment, including portable lamps, should be used.

Oil rags, waste and clothes or other substances liable to spontaneous ignition should be removed without delay to a safe place.

Fire-extinguishing equipment should be provided at all work site locations where combustible materials are stored and other areas where fire hazards are found. Such equipment shall be properly maintained and inspected at suitable intervals by a competent person.

2.16 Failure to prepare and submit monitoring reports.

The contractor(s) will be responsible for filing monthly monitoring checklist reports, defining the mitigative measures undertaken, issues arising and future activities-based on the EMP.

NA Within 1 week of each month

Contractor DSCD

3.0 OPERATION PERIOD 3.1 Management of road and drainage maintenance and cleaning.

Continue implementation of waste management plan, including All roads inspected cleared and cleaned including road surface

wet during sweeping to reduce potential levels of airborne dust and contaminants.

All drainage system inspected, cleared of any debris and cleaned. Siltation, pollution and oil traps regularly inspected and cleaned,

with all waste material removed, separated and deposited at a certified waste reception location.

No waste should be dumped within the GKD site nor close to any coastal line.

All maintenance material stored in a secured regulated area with covering to prevent sediment discharge during period of rainfall and dust during windy conditions.

Ensure protocols are in place to address hazardous chemical spill (e.g. petrol spillage for car crash) and staff are suitable trained

GKD and Associated roads & drainage systems

Quarterly PWD PWD





Mitigation Measures

Location

Time Frame

Responsibility


with correct equipment. All maintenance work conducted according to pre-announced time

schedule in consultation with key stakeholders, preferable outside peak CBD business hours to limit inconvenience to business and community within CBD.

3.2 Health and safety risks associated with cleaning and removal of silt, oils and plastics from the drainage traps.

Ensure correct OH&S procedures developed in the GKD EMP are adopted and continued to be implemented during the operational phase, specifically including the maintenance and future repair activities of the roads and drainage systems.

Maintenance schedule is defined and costed to adequately cover the cost of maintenance is secured prior to the operation phase. Maintenance schedule should at least cover the operation life of the equipment.

GKD and Associated roads & drainage systems

When Required.

PVMC, PWD

PVMC, PWD

6.3 Environmental Management Plan: Environment Monitoring Table (EMoT) Environmental Issue Monitoring Details Timing Executing

Unit Reporting

Responsibility 1.0 PRE- CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 1.1 Development Consent and Permit Acquisition

Confirm with all stakeholders that permits and consent documentation has been acquired and received no later than 1 month before contractor mobilization

After the contractor has been selected but before mobilization

DSCD PWD

1.2

Climate Change Adaptation Measures evaluated and incorporated into GKD design.

Ensure that climate change adaptation measures are included in the GKD design and reflected in the contractors tender bid documentation.

Prior to commencement of work

DSCD PWD

1.3 General ecological principles applied to design.

Ensure that climate change adaptation measures are included in the GKD design and reflected in the contractors tender bid documentation.


DSCD PWD

1.4 Environmentally responsible procurement.

Obtain written confirmation that environmentally responsible procurement measures are included in contract documentation and contractor has signed off.


DSCD PWD




Environmental Issue Monitoring Details Timing Executing Unit

Reporting Responsibility

1.5 Environmental capacity development.

File a written record of the training session provided by CSE for inclusion in the semi-annual report to ADB.


DSCD PWD

1.6 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) measures not specified in Bid Documentation

Obtain written confirmation that OH&S measures are included in contract documentation and contractor has signed off.


DSCD PWD

1.7 Potential risk of social disruption of Port Vila CBD activities and interactions with community due to project of work.

File meeting minutes of public consultation for submission to ADB in semi-annual monitoring report.


DSCD PWD

1.8 Failure to brief, understand and train VPMU and Contractor(s) in EMP implementation.

File a written record of the training session provided by DSCD for inclusion in the semi-annual report to ADB.

Within 3 weeks of commencement of construction

DSCD PWD

1.9 Potential risks due to public not well informed on the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and how it is operated.

File meeting minutes of public consultation for submission to ADB in semi-annual monitoring report.


DSCD PWD

2.0 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2.1 Accident risks from mobilizing construction equipment.

Visual inspection of project vehicles, access route, safety, hours of operation and conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.2 Accident risk from construction activity.

Visual inspection of project sites to ensure safety requirements (e.g. signage, safety gear, first aid), compliance to EMP and information exchanged, records of grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.3 Accidental damage to property.

Visual inspection of project sites, and records of grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD






2.4 Accidental damage to utilities


Monthly, however important before construction initiated.

DSCD PWD

2.5 Construction waste disposal and wastewater from construction site.

Visual inspection of waste within construction locations to ensure;

Waste management plan is used. Construction waste are collected, separated and transported to

approved land fill locations offsite, No storage of waste on site, Sediment traps are in place managing wastewater. Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance

or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.6 Improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes.


Waste management plan is used. Waste are collected, separated and transported to approved

land fill locations offsite, No storage of waste on site, No spillage within site, Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.7 Pollution due to use and storage of hazardous substances.


Waste management plan is used. Waste are collected, separated and transported to approved

land fill locations offsite, No storage of waste on site, No spillage within site, Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.8 Noise and Vibration.

Visual inspection of project sites, and records of grievance made and actions taken and conduct interviews with closest business to establish impacts and actions taken by contractor.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.9 Dust and Air Pollution.


Monthly DSCD PWD






2.10 Erosion and sediment control.

Regular visual inspection of site for erosion and sediment issues and monitor;

Sediment pollution traps are in place managing wastewater. Sediment collected are reused within the site or transported to

approved landfill site. Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.11 Removal of vegetation.

Visual inspection and document removal of tree. Visual inspection of accidental damage or panned removal of

underground tree roots. Ensure conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-

compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.12 Traffic disruption during construction.

Visual inspection of project sites and roads used for transportation to ensure traffic is not congested, record grievance and ensure actions are undertaken. Liaise with stakeholders and community to highlight concerns and action required by the contractor to undertake.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.13 Minimize social and community impacts.

Regular informal and formal discussions with key stakeholders, identify issues and/or grievance and address through positive actions.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.14 Public Health and Safety Risks.

Visual inspection of project sites to ensure public access in the vicinity of the construction site is safe, requirements are clearly marked, accessible and readable. Record grievance and ensure actions are undertaken. Liaise with stakeholders and community to highlight concerns and action required by the contractor to undertake.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.15 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S).

Ensure OH&S EMP requirements have been fully implemented and ensure compliance for all activities and personnel are maintained.

Ensure conformity to EMP mitigation plan, record issues of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.16 Failure to prepare and submit monitoring reports.

Have available full record of monthly monitoring checklist reports.

Monthly from contractor

DSCD PWD

3.0 OPERATING PERIOD






3.1 Management of road and drainage maintenance and cleaning.

Continue implementation of a GKD waste management plan based on a regular and planned maintenance schedule including protocols for the collection and safe management of different wastes products and emergence capability for hazardous wastes.

Ensure equipment is procured and maintained to ensure maintenance and cleaning operations can be undertaken.

Quarterly PWD

PWD

3.2 Health and safety risks associated with cleaning and removal of silt, oils and plastics from the drainage traps.

Ensure OH&S EMP requirements developed and implemented during the construction phase are adopted and continued to be used when maintenance work on the roads and drainage systems are undertaken. Full compliance should be maintained.

Ensure OH&S equipment required is procured ad used during all work activities.

During Maintenance activities.

PWD

PWD




6.4 Reporting 114. The below schedule is proposed to be used by the Project to report on the activities undertaken within the GKD sub-component. Reporting timelines will be finalised once the contractor has been selected and procedures have been met.

6.4.1 Construction Period Environmental Monitoring Report

115. The PVUDP will be submitting mandatory semi-annual monitoring reports to the ADB, reporting on the EMP implementation and general environmental conditions as the construction progresses. It is expected that the CSE will be reporting on a six monthly basis and these reports will be integrated into the PVUDP semi annual reports. Copies of these reports will also be submitted to the VPMU, MFEM, DEPC and MIPU for their record and use, should they wish to conduct an audit. Reports will be submitted within two weeks of the end of each six-month period.

6.4.2 Operating Period Annual Environmental Monitoring Report

116. Once the project becomes operational, VPMU will also submit (document compiIed by the PVUDP) annual environmental monitoring and compliance reports to ADB, reporting principally on the maintenance program undertaken which ensures the long term functions of the roads and associated drainage systems. Specific information on functionality of the drainage system sediment, oils/petrochemical and pollution traps should be included. Reports will be prepared for the first three years of operation and submitted to ADB. The VPMU’s will prepare these reports, or a consultant retained by VPMU. Reports will be submitted within 4 weeks of the end of each monitoring year.

6.4.3 Contractor Monthly Monitoring Reports

117. Once the successful contractor has been appointed and at least one month before mobilization the CSE will hold a 1 day briefing and workshop session to make clear the requirements of the EMP and the contractor’s responsibility. The monitoring and reporting requirements of the contractor will also be reviewed at this time. 118. Using the EMP tables presented here in, the contractor will be required to prepare an EMP implementation timetable, integrating the tasks defined in the EMP into the daily work schedule, referred to as the Construction Environmental Work Plan (CEWP). Secondly, this CEWP, the contractor will prepare a monitoring checklist and complete these monthly confirming actions taken according to the EMP. The checklist, accompanied by a set of photographs, will be submitted to the CSE for use in the semi-annual monitoring report.

6.4.4 Construction Completion Report

119. Within three months of the end of the construction period, the contractor will be required to prepare a completion report, specifically addressing the handling and disposal of hazardous materials, construction wastes and overall management action undertaken for the project.




7.0 CONCLUSIONS and RECOMMENDATIONS

120. The SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The upgrading of the GKD road and associated drainage systems will result in a marked improvement to the environment. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, very localized, and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigation measures set out in the EMP are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Key Impacts include: The proposed road and drainage system upgrades are located within the Port Vila CBD on

urban land that has been highly modified (cleared, filled and built on) and does not support any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity;

The project site does not have any freshwater (rivers, streams), forests, mangroves or agriculture activities associated with the area, however the site does include a highly modified reclaimed coastal strip of park land (Sea Front Park) that is not impacted by the proposed works.

The proposed road and drainage system upgrade, during periods of excess rainfall, will discharge freshwater into the near shore tidal and sub-tidal coastal and marine environment. Impacts on this ecosystem (flora or fauna) are expected to be minor. The project’s area of influence does not impact any coral reefs, sea grass systems nor does it support marine ecological or biological (flora or fauna) that is endemic, endangered or of significant biodiversity;

The proposed road and drainage system upgrade does not impact any terrestrial, coastal or marine conservation and/or protected area, sites of cultural, customary or heritage significance nor any national or international endangered or protected species.

Due diligence and proactive management of all construction aspects of the road and drainage upgrade will ensure limited disturbance to the daily business activities undertaken in Port Vila (e.g. traffic, noise, dust), and the collection, storage and correct disposal of waste material generated during construction.

Vanuatu laws and regulations associated with labour, employment, OH&S will be adopted, enforced and monitored during all construction and monitoring activities associated with the project.

Climate change adaptation measures have been included in the project design. 121. The EMP identifies potential environmental impacts arising from the project along with a corresponding schedule and monitoring of mitigation measures to ensure potential impacts are maintained at insignificant levels. It also includes the institutional arrangements for implementing the EMP to ensure its effectiveness. 122. This SEMP, including the EMP is considered sufficient to meet the government’s environmental safeguard requirements in respect of the PVUDP. No further or additional impact assessment is considered necessary at this stage. Therefore this SEMP including the EMP is recommended for approval by the DEPC.




8.0 REFERENCES

ADB 2003. Environmental Assessment Guidelines. ADB Publication. 167p. ADB 2009. Safeguard Policy Statement. ADB Publication. 92p. Vanuatu Government Report 2011. Republic of Vanuatu: Port Vila Urban Development Project. Initial Environmental Examination DRAFT. 182p Vanuatu Government 1999. Vanuatu National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP). Government publication. Vanuatu Government 2010. Vanuatu’s “Millennium Development Goals 2010 report. Vanuatu Government document.




9.0 APPENDICES

ANNEX 1: List of Government, NGO & Intuitional Persons Consulted, 2011. ANNEX 2: List of GKD Business Stakeholders Consulted November 2014. ANNEX 3: GKD Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) – Roads & Highways Checklist. ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales & Risk Management.




ANNEX 1: List of Government and NGO Persons Consulted, 2011 - 2014. Name Title Agency Mr. Albert Williams Director Department of Environmental Protection and

Conservation. (DEPC) Ms. Touasi Tiwok Senior Principal Officer DEPC Mr. Trinison Tari Senior Education &

Information Officer DEPC

Mr. Livo Mele Acting Director General Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries. Mr. Moses Amos Director Department of Fisheries (DoF) Mr. Sompert Gereva Fisheries Biologist DoF Mr.Erickson Sammy Hydrogeologist Department of Geology, Mines & Water

Resources (DGMWR) Mr. Morris Stephen Senior Water Technician DGMWR Mr. Jerry Sampson Physical Planner Department of Local Authorities – Physical

Planning Unit Mr. Salesa Nihmei Manage, Climate &

Services Vanuatu Meteorological Service

Mr. Paul Gambetta Senior Cartographer Department of Lands Mr. George Borugu Director Department of Tourism Mr. Job Esau Wate Director Natural Disaster Management Office Mr. Francis Hickey Coordinator, Traditional

Resource Management Program

Vanuatu Cultural Centre

Mr. Richard Shin Resident Archaeologist Vanuatu Cultural Centre Mr. Andre Latipu Acting Director Department of Public Works Ms. Uravo Nafuki Environmental & Social

Impact Officer Engineering Support Unit

Department of Public Works

Mr. Ernest Lekelowia

Assistant Secretary General

Shefa Provincial Government

Ms. Emil Mael Physical Planner Shefa Provincial Government - Physical Planning Unit

Ms. Shirley Laban Environmental Health Officer

Environmental Health Section

Mr. Pakoa Rarua Environmental Health Officer

Environmental Health Section

Mr. Austin Leo Maintenance Officer Wastewater Treatment Plant, Vila Central Hospital

Ms. Anthea Toka Secretary General Vanuatu Association of NGOs (VANGO) Dr. Chris Bartlett Climate Change

Technical Advisor to Vanuatu

GTZ Pacific Island Regional Program Adaption to Climate Change

Mr. Peter Kelly Transport Sector Coordinator

AusAID

Mr. Marc Leopold Fisheries Scientist Institue de Recherche por le development (IRD)

Ms. Sarah Pacific Habitat Program UN Habitat




McCartney Manager Ms. Angelika Planitz Sub regional

Coordinator Pacific UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

Mr. Michael Poustie PhD candidate and Researcher Water Quality

Monash University Australia

Mr. Paul Smith General Manager Vanuatu Abattoirs Limited Mr. John Urvaru Chief Engineer Le Lagon Resort Mr. Wilson Aru Chief Engineer Palms Resort Ms. Katie Thomson Volunteer US Peace Corps - Reef Check Program




ANNEX 2: List of GKD Business Stakeholders Consulted November 2014.

1. Paris Shopping Building: Lessee: Mr. Regis Friess Manager: Ms. Pactrica Jolie, P.O.Box 248, PortVila Contacts: 24227

7777648 Email: [email protected] Comments: No parking outside our whole building, it is offloading zone for us, we don’t want any cars

parking outside our building because it is difficult for us when we bring in our container to offload.

Two doors to storage rooms- need to access for goods. Better to leave cement road outside building as it is, I spent 11 million vatu on getting it done

12 years ago, it is about 15cm/16cm height, steel and never breaks. We unload 25 tonnes on the road and it never breaks. However the two doors have to be accessed for offloading.

I have 3 land titles, the title for the building, the road and the petanque play area. 2. Ardomani Building Lessee: Mr. Paul & Ms. Sandra Phelan Manager: N/A Contacts: 22360

77772360 Email: [email protected] Comments: We have problems with parking; we have got to have access to our land. We need to keep

our off-street parking to unload our goods. Why is the area opposite the building not another parking bay? We have offices in this building, restaurant and a pharmacist and we need parking space.

The parking opposite is for the mamas market. Exit next to us is problematic when tourist boat is here. At the moment it is a two way exit but

the tree should go if it is to be a two way road, we have problems with buses and taxis stopping alongside the exit when tourist boat is here blocking other cars.

We want this road to be a one way exit only! 3. Centre Point Petrol Station Lessee: Mr. Randall Vallette Manager: Contacts: 7771373 Email: [email protected] Comments: I agree with the plans there is nothing wrong except you can leave a bit of space for

Stephane to run his quad bikes. Note: Information exchanged during consultations that there are future plans for the fuel

station to be removed and replaced with some other buildings.

mailto:[email protected]�






4. Quad bike (located within Centre Point Petrol Station) Lessee: Mr. Stephane Cattorie Manager: Mr. Stephane Cattorie Contacts: Email: Comments: Why are you blocking the access road? Why are you raising the road? Is it to slow the traffic? Parking does not matter, people come in to refill then go out. I am doing quad bike to allow access to road, safer to avoid traffic Is it one way only? I want my quad bikes to be able to take over to the other side to avoid traffic? 5. Raffea House Lessee: Mr. Geoffrey Gee Manager: Mr. Geoffrey Gee Contacts: 22067

774272 Email: [email protected] Comments: There are plans for a big complex opposite our building with several story car parks, which

they might sell car parks therefore these car parks, could supplement. Definitely car parking is a problem. During outpouring of the rain, this place gets flooded real badly. What is going to be in the space between the curb and the building? When is it going to start?

6. Jills Cafe Lessee: Jill and Greg Manager: Ms. Cindy Contacts: 771377 Email: [email protected] Comments: Need access way for unloading and loading stock to café beside the UNELCO box. 7. Kramer Ausenco (Ex Hawaiian Bank Building). Lessee: VNPF, BRED Bank Manager: Mr. Jay Jameson Contacts: 23403

5557038 Email: [email protected] Comments: Bank customers parking enough parking. We generally park at the front. Parking is not reserved for businesses. If you remove parking at the front then it’s going to be a problem.







Drainage system should link with existing drains on the main road. How does the drainage link to each other? Is this done in consultation with the Tourism development? 8. AON Insurance Lessee: AON Manager: Mr. Bob Sanders Contacts: 23089

5567855 Email: [email protected] Comments: What is inside the curbing and the building? Who is planning to do this work? We would like to involve with the contract works insurance, to insurance the work while it is

being built. 9. Westpac – Pacific Vila Mall. Lessee: Mr. Bobbo Dettkie Manager: Mr. H Mitchell Contacts: 22084 ext 8733

5580002 Email: [email protected] Comments: Agreed with the plans and looking forward to see it happen but Westpac car parking to be

designated as Westpac customers parking only. 10. ANZ Building Lessee: ANZ Manager: Mr. Ashley Karae Contacts: 22635

554348 Email: [email protected]

[email protected] Comments: Agreed with the plans Need to advice customers on the parking.








ANNEX 3. GKD Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Roads & Highways CHECKLIST. Instructions: This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorisation form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department. This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environmental Specialist in a Regional Department. This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary Resettlement, (ii) indigenous people planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development. Answer the question assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures. Country/Project Title: Vanuatu: Port Vila Urban Development Project Sector Division: SCREENING QUESTIONS Y/N REMARKS

Project Siting Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmental sensitive areas?

Cultural Heritage Site N Protected Area N Wetland N Mangrove N Estuarine N Buffer Zone of Protected Area N Special Area for Protecting Biodiversity N GKD is adjacent to Port Vila bay, which

contains coral reef ecosystem, however these systems are not within the projects area of influence.

Potential Environmental Impacts Will the project cause?

Encroachment on historical/cultural areas; disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills & quarries?

N

• The GKD project is repairing and upgrading existing road, drainage and footpaths. No new road and/or drainage systems will be developed.

Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or protected areas).

N

• GKD road and drainage works all undertaken with CBD of Port Vila, all land areas built on with a percentage reclaimed.

• No coastal work required and water discharge through drains significantly improved due to road carriage way sealed and drainage systems upgrade including




sediment and pollution traps. Alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?

N

• The GKD area of influence is not associated with any natural freshwater or estuarine ecological systems.

• Limited sedimentation increases are expected from the construction works as all works are associated with existing roads and drainage systems.

• The majority of sediment resulting from the construction will be collected on site through traps placed within the area.

Alteration of coastal and/or marine waters resulting in increased sediment in coastal environments affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?

Y

• The GKD project works are not associated with coastal or marine systems directly, however freshwater runoff from the GKD through the drainage system enters the coastal waters.

Deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff and sanitary wastes from (i) work-based camps and (ii) chemicals used in construction?

Y

• The GKD project will not have any worker camps.

• Potential chemical (e.g. petrochemicals, bitumen) may enter site runoff and enter Port Vila bay – however contained through sediment traps and due diligence using products. Temporary, site specific and mitigatable.

Increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting and filling works, and chemical from asphalt processing?

Y

• Air pollution due to construction activities will be elevated however temporary, site specific and mitigatable.

Noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works? Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people.

Y

• Increased site-specific noise will result from construction activities and use of machinery.

• No dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people required.

• Some disruption to business and customers daily operations due to construction.

Other social concerns relating to inconveniences in living conditions in the project area that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress.

N

• The GKD is located within the Port Vila CBD and thus no one is residing within this area.

• Coastal onshore winds will disperse increases in air pollution (e.g. dust).

Hazardous driving conditions where construction interferes with pre-existing roads.

N

• No hazardous conditions will be created, however traffic will be managed to ensure access to the site and construction activities to be undertaken.

Poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction camps and work sites, and possible transmission of communicable diseases from workers to local populations?

N

• No work camps. • Sanitation and waste disposal at work site

managed by contractor no perceived impacts.

• Majority of construction workers local communities- no transmission of disease perceived.

Creation of temporary breeding habitats for mosquito vector disease?

N • Work to be undertaken outside of wet season. Standing water to be removed and managed.

• Due diligence associated with mosquitoes management and subsequent malaria and




dengue. Dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way?

N • The GKD is the CBD and no people living in the right-of-way.

Accident risks associated with increased vehicular traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic material and loss of life?

N • Possible spills (e.g. bitumen) however perceived very unlikely.

Increased noise and air pollution resulting from traffic volume?

Y • Increased traffic movement of vehicle for construction phase. Temporary, site specific and mitigatable.

Increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease and fuel spills, and other material from vehicles using the road?

Y • Due to increased vehicles transporting petrochemical supplies, bunkering at the site and use on machinery.

• Accidental spillage managed through on site plans by contractor.




ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales & Risk Management. The environmental risk for the GKD is based on international best practices is detailed below including the approach and assessment undertaken to evaluate the risk associated with the GKD and a detailed risk assessment matrix presenting the assessment results. Identification of Risk The risks identified for the GKD have been identified through the REA. Identified risks detailed in the REA and key environmental impact that related to site construction and operation are the only risks are evaluated for this project. Other potential risks that were deemed not relevant to the project and score zero environmental impact risk rating have not been included. Risk Analysis An important feature is the recognition of the fact that an event’s consequence extends beyond the environment. This methodology ensures that the full consequences of events are visible to risk owners and managers, and that community effects are considered, understood and treated. Each class of consequence is rated a score of 0-5. An analysis of each risk is undertaken to determine an environmental event’s likelihood of occurrence and its consequences. A five-level qualitative description of the likelihood and consequences for each risk enables a semi-quantitative method to be used to calculate a ‘score’ for each risk. Likelihood and Consequence Definitions for Threat Criteria and Consequences are shown in Table 2 and the definitions for Likelihood are shown in Table 3. Calculation of Risk Level Two levels of risk are used: The Primary Risk Level (PRL) is a conservative measure of risk, based on the most severe consequences across all the relevant criteria. PRL is calculated according to the equation: Primary Risk Level (PRL) = Likelihood Rating X Maximum Consequence Rating. The Secondary Risk Level (SRL) is a less conservative measure of risk, which incorporates all relevant criteria, not just the most severe ones. SRL is calculated according to the equation: Secondary Risk Level (SRL) = Likelihood Rating X Average Consequence Rating. In most circumstances PRL should be the preferred measure, as it is more conservative. Risk scores are banded into risk levels which provide a ‘plain English’ view of the risk.




Scores will always be visible to enable prioritisation within bands. Table 4 shows the bands, their threshold values and indicative management action. Determination of Options for Treatment of Risks Following the analysis of a risk it is necessary to investigate the options available for risk treatment and then determine the option/s that provides the greatest cost benefit. Risks may be treated in one or a combination of ways: a) Avoiding a risk by preventing the activity that leads to the risk eventuating; b) Reducing the likelihood of the risk eventuating; c) Reducing the consequences if the risk does eventuate; d) Transfer the risk; e) Retaining the risk. Table 1 – Risk Management Framework Risk Level 1 (very low) to 10 (very high)

Environmental

Aspect Description of Risk

Consequence

Rating

Likelihood

Risk Level Controls Mitigation

Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments

Maximum Average High

(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Existing Site Location of the GKD Scope of Works.

Site close to or adjacent to any environmentally sensitive areas

• No terrestrial nor marine sensitive areas within project area of influence.

• Site is however adjacent to recreational park developed on land reclamation boarding coastal waters.

• Care needs to be exercised during construction and

0 0 0 0 0 N/A N/A N/A No impacts at all.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

operation of contaminants entering the coastal zone.

• Therefore Risk is non-existent associated with the environmental sensitive areas therefore no environmental impacts.

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Construction of the GKD Scope of Works.

Site contamination – land based hazardous materials used on site.

• Hazardous (toxic) substances used during road and drainage up grading and replacement – including petrochemicals (fuels, Oils) road bitumen and cement.

• Hazardous substances sequestered in rock and/or soil, possible but unlikely.

• No contamination found during assessment, possibly some contamination (petrochemical) in soil as legacy issues from past industrial usage

2 1 5 10

High

Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

Audit

5.4 Low Risk Additional control

provided by DEPC by

auditing the project site

on at least a monthly

basis. Expect a residual

low risk level.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

(e.g. petrol station) and/or land fill.

• Potential risk very minor if managed correctly.

Site contamination – land based hazardous material off site

• Hazardous substances transported to site from landfill material (rock, soil), unlikely.

• Landfill transported to site from regulated/permitted quarry site.

• Potential risk unlikely, very minor if any environmental impact.

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

Risk

1

Very

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4 Very Low

Risk

No Change.

Site Contamination - construction material

• Construction material used during road and drainage up grading and replacement – including limestone aggregates, blue metal, sand, cement and steel.

• Construction material acquired from existing permitted sources.

• Reuse & recycle construction material to reduce wastage

2 1 3 6

Medium

Risk

3

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Low Risk Low Risk level expected

with Standard Controls.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

and improve sustainability.


Site Contamination – Spoil and waste Disposal

• Construction material • Construction material

used during road and drainage up grading and replacement – including limestone aggregates, blue metal, sand, cement and steel.

• Construction material disposed of in existing permitted locations.

• Reuse & recycle construction material to reduce wastage and improve sustainability.


2 1 2 4

Low

Risk

2

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Low Risk No Change.

Site contamination - Fresh Water quality – turbidity & pollution

• Increased surface water runoff on site and adjacent areas, especially during road and drainage preparation/construction.

1 1 2 2

Low

Risk

2

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.7 Low Risk No Change.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

• Storm water volume and sediment load potential to increase during construction phase.

• Legacy issue relating to sediment build up in existing drainage systems, requires cleaning and removal before construction.

• Pollutants entering freshwater lenses very low as water contained within drainage system, except in period of heavy rain.

• Area required to be cleared very small, restricted to existing road and drainage, footpaths. Runoff expected to remain on site, water expected to pool (intensive rainfall), percolate through site ground. Use of sediment traps will mitigate.

• Potential risk very minor if managed




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

correctly.

Site Contamination – Coastal waters – turbidity & pollution.

• Increased surface water runoff on site and adjacent areas, especially during road and drainage preparation/construction entering coastal waters through existing waste water pipes.

• Storm water volume and sediment load potential to increase during construction phase, especially in heavy rain periods. Construction to take place outside of wet season.

• Legacy issue relating to sediment build up in existing drainage systems, requires cleaning and removal before construction – reduce contaminates entering shoreline.

• Pollutants entering coastal waters possible however collection in traps and managed

1 1 3 3

Low

Risk

3

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.7 Low Risk No Change.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

during construction. Greatly reducing any contamination.

• Area required to be cleared very small, restricted to existing road and drainage, footpaths. Runoff expected to remain on site, water expected to pool (intensive rainfall), percolate through site ground. Use of sediment traps will mitigate.

• Potential risk minor if managed correctly.

Site Contamination – Land Based – Sewage – septic.

• Toxic release of sewage due to damage to sewerage or system failure during construction.

• No evidence of septic system on site, however possible legacy issue.

• Potential risk unlikely, very minor if any environmental impact.

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

Risk

1

Very

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4 Very Low

Risk

No Change.

Flora – terrestrial

• One single tree within the GKD site 1 1 5 5 5 5.4 Low Risk Potential low risk to all




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

vegetation removal.

removed. • Site vegetation

removed, limited to small area and small volume, predominately non endemic grass and weeds in close proximity to road, drainage and footpaths.

• Cleared land to receive land fill/aggregate or cement.

• Potential risk low, very site specific and minor if any environmental impact.

Medium

Risk

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

but one tree provided

standard controls

applied.

Noise and Vibration _ Construction period.

• Increase ambient noise level and ground vibration will occur during construction due to transportation of materials and construction machinery.

• Restricted to 5 am to 9 pm daily and due diligence relating to noise suppression through maintenance

1 1 5 5

Medium

Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.6 Low Risk Risk can be reduced to

low, if standard

operational controls are

used.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

of vehicles and machinery.

• Potential risk low, very minor if any environmental impact.

Air Pollution – Construction period.

• Increase ambient dust level and pollution will occur during construction due to transportation of materials and use of construction machinery.

• Restricted to 5 am to 9 pm daily and due diligence using water suppression and covering of construction material during period of hot, dry and windy conditions.


1 1 5 5

Medium

Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.6 Low Risk Risk can be reduced to

low, is standard

operational controls are

used.

Site Contamination – Acid Sulfate soils.

• Soils containing iron sulphides may be exposed during construction (e.g. soil under footpaths) resulting in acid

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

1

Very

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.8 Very Low

Risk

No Change.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

leaching. • Any leaching will be

very small, contained on site, potential leaching into water table but no evidence of sulphate soils existing.

• Potential risk unlikely, very minor environmental impact, if present.

Risk

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Operation of the GKD Scope of Works.

Cleaning and maintenance activities of road & drainage systems – Increased noise and air pollution.

• Potential increase in • Increase ambient dust

(air pollution) levels will occur during street & drainage cleaning activities.

• Potential increase in noise levels if machinery is used.

• All cleaning activities restricted to 5am to 9pm daily and due diligence using water suppression and covering of waste material during before disposal at designated

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

Risk

1

Very

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Very Low

Risk

No Change.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

waste reception locations.


Cleaning and maintenance activities of road & drainage systems – Increased pollution, sediment & plastics in drainage traps.

• Increase levels of sediment, petrochemicals and plastics caught in drainage traps will need to be regularly cleaned for the traps to function and prevent environmental contamination.

• Correct disposal of collected items to designated and permitted waste reception facilities.

• Potential of contaminants discharging into coastal waters if regular maintenance and cleaning not undertaken – nullifying the positive environmental benefits of the project.

• Potential low, very

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

Risk

1

Very

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Very Low

Risk

No Change.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

minor if any environmental impact.

Site contamination – Coastal waters – turbidity & pollution.

• Increased surface water runoff through drainage system entering coastal waters due to effective upgraded drain system.

• Sediment and potential pollutant contaminate in storm water entering coastal environment greatly decreased due to (i) sealed road significantly reducing sediment on roadways (ii) new sediment and pollution drainage traps preventing contaminants entering coastal waters (iii) increased and regular maintenance and cleaning of new road and drainage systems.

• Potential risk very low and very minor environmental impacts if managed correctly. Significant

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

Risk

1

Very

Low Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Very Low

Risk

No Change.




Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

improvement over situation before project.




Table 2 – Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales

Rating Capability & Mission Environment Community & Sustainability

Safety (Staff & Public)

Compliance & Reputation

Financial

5

Cata

str

op

hic

All activities cease. No resumption for at least 12 months. Major unacceptable delays in delivery of capability occurring at critical times. Unable to conduct missions. Failure to achieve critical performance goals.

A long term environmental harm. Permanent irreparable damage is caused to the environment.

Significant, extensive, detrimental long-term impacts on the community or public health. Irreparable damage to highly valued structures or locations of cultural significance or sacred value. Permanent and significant loss of scarce environmental resources.

Multiple fatalities, large number of major injuries or occupational illness (acute or chronic). Public exposed to a severe, adverse long-term health impact or life-threatening hazard.

Sustained detrimental national or state media reports. Subject of parliamentary committee hearing. Sustained community outrage. Potential large-scale class action or prosecution with significant fine or imprisonment.

Extreme financial loss (>$10m) to remedy.

4

Majo

r

All normal activities curtailed. No resumption of normal activities for between 6 - 12 months. Major delays of capability delivery but at non-critical times. Unable to conduct missions. Failure to achieve some performance targets.

Significant environmental damage with widespread impacts. Damage may be permanent.

Significant detrimental impacts on the community or public health. Major damage to highly valued structures or locations of cultural significance or sacred value. Significant loss of scarce environmental resources.

Single fatality or serious non-recoverable injury, several major injuries. Permanent disablement. Public exposed to a hazard that could cause injuries or moderate adverse health effects.

Numerous detrimental national or state media reports. Subject of a number of parliamentary questions or ministerials. Organised community concern. High profile legal challenge or prosecution with heavy fine.

Major financial loss ( $0.5-10m) to remedy.




3

Modera

te

Most activities affected. No resumption of normal activities for up to 6 months. Significant delays resulting in some reduction in performance.

Moderate violation of regulation or guideline with moderate damage to the environment and significant clean-up cost.

Detrimental impacts on the community or public health. Damage to valued structures or locations of cultural significance or sacred value. Loss of scarce environmental resources.

A number of safety incidents requiring treatment by a physician. Exposure of public to a hazard that could cause minor injuries or minor adverse health effects. Illness requiring treatment.

Detrimental national or state media reports. Subject of parliamentary questions or ministerials. Community concerns and complaints. Some legal constraints imposed minimal fine.

Moderate financial loss ($0.05-0.5m) to remedy.

2

Min

or

Modification to planned activities can be expected. Minor delays. Minor performance degradation.

Minor violation of regulation or guideline with minimal damage to the environment and small clean up. Immediately contained on-site.

Minor impact on the community or public health. Minor damage to valued structures or locations of cultural significance or sacred value. Minor loss of environmental resources.

A number of safety incidents requiring treatment by a qualified first aid person. Exposure of public to a hazard that does not cause injury or affect health adversely.

Detrimental local media reports. Subject of local government action. Random substantiated complaints from the community. Minor technical legal challenge or breach.

Minor financial loss ($0.005-0.05m) to remedy.

1

Insig

nific

ant

Some minor modification to planned activities may be necessary. Insignificant delays. Negligible performance impact.

Negligible release or damage that is contained on-site and is non-reportable. The damage is fully recoverable with no permanent impact on the environment.

Negligible social impact. Negligible damage to valued structures or locations of cultural significance or sacred value. Negligible loss of environmental resources.

Minor of safety incidents only. Negligible impact on staff or the public. No lost work time.

Possibility of detrimental local media reports. Trivial substantiated complaints from the community. Negligible legal impact or breach.

Insignificant financial loss (<$0.005m) to remedy.

0

Nil

No impact on schedules.

No environmental impact.

No social impact, damage to valued structures or locations of cultural significance or sacred value or loss of environmental resources.

No incidents. No impact. No cost impact.




Table 3: Likelihood Table Rating LIKELIHOOD

The potential for risks to occur and lead to the assessed consequences 5 Almost

certain Very high, may occur at least several times per year

Probability over 0.8 A similar outcome has arisen several times per year in the same location, operation or activity

4 Likely High, may arise about once per year

Probability 0.5 - 0.8 A similar outcome has arisen several times per year in Defence

3 Possible Possible, may arise about once in a one to ten year period

Probability 0.1 - 0.5 A similar outcome has arisen at some time previously in Defence

2 Unlikely Not impossible, likely to occur during the next ten to twenty-five years

Probability 0.04 - 0.1

A similar outcome has arisen at some time previously in Defence, but action has been taken to reduce the chance of recurrence

1 Rare Very low, very unlikely during the next twenty-five years

Probability less than 0.04

A similar outcome has arisen world-wide

Table 4: Risk levels and Management Action (example) Risk Level (PRL or SRL)

Descriptor Indicative Management Action

16-25 Extreme Immediate action required, senior management will be involved 9-15.9 High Senior management attention needed and management responsibilities specified for

further action 4-8.9 Medium Manage by specific monitoring or response procedures, develop more detailed actions

as resources allow 1-3.9 Low Manage by routine procedures, unlikely to need specific application of resources