port management an overview

8/9/2019 Port Management An Overview

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PORT MANAGEMENTPORT MANAGEMENT

AN OVERVIEWAN OVERVIEW

By:

M.M.KAMATH

Former Chief Engineer, Ne M!ng!"ore Por#


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$HIP TON$

%WEIGHT&

Load displacementLight displacement

Deadweight dwt

%CAPACIT'&

Gross Tonnage GT

Net Tonnage NT


7/101

A MO(E) PORT


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$OME COMPARI$ON$ OF MO(A) CO$T$

Mo*e Commo*i#y !n* ro+#e $ -en# /er#onne 0 mi"e

Sea Capesize with iron ore

from Ausralia toRotterdam 0.0!

Air Australia to "urope#$.0

Rail Coal %& rail in the 'SA $.#!


11/101

COMPARI$ON OF TRAN$PORT MO(E$

Mo*eEnergyeffi-ien-yin*e1

$/ee*

A2er!geh!+"

%$A&

(e!#h/er 344mi""ion/!engermi"e

(!#ein#ro*+-e*

Vehi-"e "ifeye!r

Air 1 400* 1,000 0.23 1958(Jet) 22

Truck 15 55* 265 2.4 1920 10

Rail 50 20

(200)

500 0.1 1830

(1970)

20

Barge 64 5.5 330 Ver "#all 17t$ % 50

&i'elie 75 4.5 300 egligile 1856

(1970)

+

$i'(-ier)

100 16.5 1,500 #all 1870

(1970)

15

* t$e "'ee/ clu# t$e igure" are "'eciic t t$e A


12/101

EFFECT OF PORT TIME ON $HIP$5 $PEE(

$hi/5

$/ee*%Kno#&

Por# Time

%(!y&

Voy!ge

Time%(!y&

To#!"

Time%(!y&

6 Ch!nge

7yIn-re!ing

$/ee*

#0 (0 #0 )0

$0 (0 * (* #$.*

#0 # #0 ##

$0 # * )*.*


13/101

POINT$ OF VIEW FOR CHOICE OF PORT

(e-ri/#ion Per-en#!ge

Geographical +osition ,

-reuenc& of Departure

+ersonal Relation ,

Cargo /olume #$

Cargo andling Cost #$

1ualit& of Ser2ice #!

Transport Cost (*


14/101

WHAT $HIPPER5$ WANT MO$TWHAT $HIPPER5$ WANT MO$T

3n time Deli2er& #

32erall Responsi2eness $+rice (

3n Time +ic4up )

Transit Time *

Ser2ice Territor&

5illing Accurac& !

Correct "uipment 6

Degree of Control ,

Claims +rocessing #0

Tracin Ca acit ##


15/101

TOTA) CO$T IN TRAN$PORT CHAIN

+R" CARR7AG" $8

+3RT ANDL7NG !8

S"A -R"7GT (!8

+3RT ANDL7NG ,8

3N CARR7AG" $#8


16/101

THE BREAK P OF $HIP$ CO$T AT A PORT

Cost of marine facilities *8

Cost of shore facilities #08

Cost of cargo handling at shore $*8

Cost of cargo handling on %oard $*8

Ships time in particular (*8


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NAVIGATIONA) AI($


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TRANSIT MARKS


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TRANSIT TOWER


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NAVIGATIONA) BO'


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VESSEL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


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VESSEL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


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C)A$$IFICATION OF PORT$

The American Association of +ort Authorities

classif& the ports under the following three

groups %ased on their functional reuirements

Land lord +orts

Tool +orts

3perating +orts


25/101

PORT ATHORIT' RE$PON$IBI)ITIE$

Por# Ty/e Infr!#r+-#+re $+/er#r+-#+re $#e2e*oring

Landlord 9es No No

Tool 9es 9es No

Ser2ice 9es 9es 9es


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7ndia has a long coast line of a%out

!)0 4m:out of which $*0 4m is on the

"ast Coast and ((0 4m on the ;est

Coast and the %alance in Andaman

Nico%ar and La4shadweep islands.


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7n the 7ndian Conte ?a@or

> Non ?a@or


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-7G'R" #= L3CAT73N 3- ?A3R +3RTS 3- 7ND7A

N"; ?ANGAL3R"


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)OCATION AN( TOPOGRAPH' 8 MA9OR PORT$

PORT L3CAT73N "NTRANC" CANN"L T'RN7NGC7RCL"

T9+" 3-D3CB+3RT

Latitude

Longitude

Distancefromhar%our

entrancein 4mE

?inimumdepth

inmtrs.E

?inimum;idth

in mE

Num%er

Diameterin mE

Ri2erine withimpoundeddoc4s and

ri2er side @ett&

Bol4ata

$$

((FN

88

#,F"

$($ (.* $00 $ #,0 $66

Ri2erine withimpoundeddoc4s and

ri2er side @ett&

aldia $0

02FN

88

06F"

##* .! )! # *), do

+aradip

20

#*FN86

40F"

$.0 #$.6 #0 # *$0 Artificiallagoon port

/isa4 Natural


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/isa4hapatnam

7

317

)#FN

83

#6F"

$.$

0.)

#0.!

#!.*

,).#$$

$00

#

#

(

#0

Naturalhar%our

"nnore

13

#*F(0HN

80

2#F"

(.!!* #.0 $*0 # 00 Artificialhar%our

Chen

nai

13

06FN

80

#6F"

.! 7

#6.3#,.$

$)) # *)6 Artificial

har%our withwet doc4s

Tuticorin

8

)*FN

78

#(F"

).0 #0.) #$ # )66 Artificialhar%our

Cochin

9

*6FN

76

#)F"

#0.* ##.6 #6* $ $0 Lagoon port

New?ang

alore

12

5FN

74

)6F"

!.* #*.) $)* # *!0 Artificiallagoon port

?orm 25 73 * 0 #( # $*0 $ )60 3pen


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?ormugao

25

15FN

73

)!F"

*.0 #(.# $*0 $ )60 3penprotectedhar%our

?um%ai

18

54FN

72

),F"

,. #0., ( # ( Naturalhar%our withimpoundedwet doc4s

N+T 18

56.4

3FN

72

56.

24F"

#!.0 ##.0 (*0 All weathertidal port

Bandla

23

01N

70

13F"

$*.0 ). $00 "stuar& port

/adinar

3otE

6.0 $(.* #*00 Single %uo&mooring off

shore oilterminalE

Note= 7=ar%our up to Dufferin Light. 3=3uter ar%our %e&ond Dufferin Light

Source= ?a@or +orts of 7ndia I A +rofile I $00(0): 7ndian +orts Association:

New Delhi.


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(EC)ARATION OF MA9OR PORT$

NAME OF THE

MA9OR PORT

MARINTIME

$TATE

(EC)ARE( A$

AMA9OR PORT

Calcutta ;est 5engal #6!0

5om%a& ?aharashtra #6!*

?adras Tamil Nadu #66#

/isa4hapatnam Andra +radesh #,((

Cochin Berala #,(

Bandla Gu@arat #,*,

?ormugoa Goa #,(


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+aradeep 3rissa #,!

New ?angalore Barnata4a #,!)

Tuticorin Tamil Nadu #,!)

aldia ;est 5engal #,!!

awaharlal Nehru ?aharashtra #,6,

"nnore Tamil Nadu #,,,

MA9OR AN( NON MA9OR PORT$ OF IN(IA


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MA9OR AN( NON MA9OR PORT$ OF IN(IA

)ENGTH OF THE COA$T)INE


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)ENGTH OF THE COA$T)INEBE)ONGING TO EACH

MARITIME $TATE OF IN(IA

M!ri#ime $#!#e )eng#h of Co!#"ine in mGu@arat including Daman J DiuE #!00

?aharashtra !$0

Goa #0)

Barnata4a $60

Berala *0

Tamilnadu including +ondicher&E ,60

Andhra +radesh ,0

3rissa )($

;est 5engal $60

Andaman and Nico%ar islandsappro


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$TATEMENTWI$E (I$TRIBTION OF

INTERME(IATE AN( MINOR PORT$

$TATE INTERME(IATE MINOR

Gu@arat ## $6

?aharashtra $ )

Goa Daman Diu

Barnata4a $ ##Berala ( #0

Tamil Nadu $ *

Andhra +radesh $

3rissa #

+ondicherr& # #

To#!" ;< 33=


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$#!#+#e A//"i-!7"e #o #he M!>or Por#

> 7ndian +orts Act #,06

> 7ndian ?a@or +ort Trusts Act #,(

> Doc4 ;or4ers Regulation J "mplo&mentE Act

#,)6> Doc4 ;or4ers Safet&: ealth J ;elfareE Act

#,6

> ?erchant Shipping Act #,*6

> 7ndustrial Dispute Act

> Customs Act #,$

TRAFFIC HAN()E( AT MA9OR PORT$


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TRAFFIC HAN()E( AT MA9OR PORT$

Sl. No. Port 2003-04 2004-05 (P

1 Kolkata 8.69 9.942 Haldia 32.57 36.21

3 Paradip 25.31 31.10

4 Visakhapatnam 47.74 50.15

5 Chennai 36.71 43.81

6 Ennore 9.28 9.48

7 !ti"orin 13.68 15.81

8 Co"hin 13.57 14.10

9 #e$ &an'alore 26.67 33.89

10 &orm!'oa 27.87 30.66

11 (.).#ehr! 31.19 32.81

12 &!m*ai 30.00 35.13

13 Kandla 41.52 41.54

All !ort" 344.#0 3#3.$3

+P, - Proisional

/o!r"e- &aor Ports P

+&illion onnes,


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GROWT% OF TRAFFIC IN

MA&OR AN' NON-MA&OR PORTS OF IN'IA

Y)r"Port"

1961 1981 2001 2002 2003 2004

&aor Ports 33.13 80.27 281.11 287.6 313.6 344.8

&inor Ports 9.40 6.73 86.90 96.27 105.2 115.3

otal 42.53 87.00 368.01 383.85 418.8 460.1

CAPACIT' OF MA9OR PORT$


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CAPACIT' OF MA9OR PORT$

A$ ON


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! N"; ?ANGAL3R" (0.(0

6 ?3R?'GA3 $(.*0

,A;AARLAL

N"R'((.#0

#0 ?'?5A7 )0.)0

## BANDLA )*.00

TOTA)


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COMMO(IT'?WI$E CAPACIT' OF

MA9OR PORT$ A$ ON


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PORT A(MINI$TRATION

The +ort Administration is responsi%le for=

> "fficienc& of operation

> +roper maintenance and up4eep of the

ph&sical propert&

> Adeuate financing of +ort impro2ements

> Allotment of tas4s to %e performed %& thela%our

MANAGEMENT TEAM


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MANAGEMENT TEAM

Chairman =C.".3 of the +ort

D&. Chairman =Assist Chairman

Chief "ngineer Ci2ilE =Ci2il "ngineering

Chief ?echanical "ngineer =?echanical

"lectrical and

?arine

"ngineering


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Traffic ?anager =Cargo operations

Railwa& ?anager =Railwa& operations in some ports

this is loo4ed after %& the Traffic

managerE

Deput& Conser2ator = +ilotage and ?arine acti2ities

?arine Director including dredging e


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Secretary : Boards s subjects (in

some Ports, legal,

industrialrelations and public

relations are also looked

after)

Industrial Relations anager : Industrial

relations

!egal "d#iser : !egal matters

$inancial ad#iser and : $inance "ccounts


47/101

Chief ?edical 3fficer = ?edical

+ort Securit& 3fficer = Securit&

Director +lanning J = ?anagementResearchE S&stems

"state ?anager = "state ?anagement

PORT OPERATION$


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PORT OPERATION$

The +ort operations can %e %roadl&

grouped under the following four

disciplines=

> ?arine

> Traffic

> "ngineering and

> Securit Safet J Ser2ices


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MARINE OPERATION$

The marine operations include=

> +ilotage and Towage

> Na2igation

> Conser2anc& DredgingE


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TRAFFIC OPERATION$

The traffic operations mainl& relate to =

> Cargo andling

> Ste2edoring

> ?ar4eting

> 7nfrastructural facilities

> 7nformation s&stem etc.


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ENGINEERING OPERTION$

The "ngineering operations in a +ort can %roadl& %e

classified under the following four groups=

> Ci2il "ngineering

> ?echanical "ngineering

> "lectrical "ngineering including "lectronics

> ?arine "ngineering


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PORT FINANCE

The income earned %& the +ort are generated

from=

> Cargo handling and storage charges

> +ort and doc4 charges including pilotage fee> Railwa& earnings

> "state rentals

> -inance and ?iscellaneous income


53/101

The eCargo: handling J Storage

>+ort J Doc4 facilities for shipping including pilotage

>Railwa& ;or4ing

>Renta%le Land 5uilding

>?anagement J General Administration

>-inance and ?iscellaneous "


54/101

The finance for capital in2estment in the +orts are

drawn from=

> Loans and ad2ances %& the Go2t

> " De%entures and

> 7nternal Reser2es

REVENE$ V. EDPEN(ITRE FOR


55/101

ROTTER(AM 34

$o+r-e of Re2en+e

+orts Dues $8Rental income ((8

3ther *8

To#!" 3446

$o+r-e of E1/en*i#+re

+ersonnel #(.8

+ort maintenance #0.08

3ther maintenance #0.#8Depreciation $,.$8

7nterest ((.68

3ther (.(8

To#!" 3446

REVENE$ V EDPEN(ITRE FOR


56/101

REVENE$ V. EDPEN(ITRE FOR

$INGAPORE 34

$o+r-e of Re2en+e

Container handling *).08

Cargo handling #0.08

?arine ser2ice #$.(8Commercial ser2ices ##.!8

Sundr& ser2ices #$.08

To#!" 3446

$o+r-e of E1/en*i#+re

Authorit& 6,.)8

Su%sidiaries ##.8

To#!" 3446


57/101

T* +,) +or )!,t)l ,/"tt , t*

Port" )r 1r) +ro

> Aid from Central Go2ernment

> " De%entures and

> 7nternal Reser2es

P)ANWI$E INVE$TMENT OF THE


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P)ANWI$E INVE$TMENT OF THE

MA9OR PORT$ IN IN(IA

P"!n Perio* In2e#men#

%R. in Crore&

-irst -i2e 9ear +lan #,*#*E $

Second -i2e 9ear +lan #,*#E )

Third -i2e 9ear +lan #,#E ,(

Annual +lan #,!E $)

Annual +lan #,!6E $

Annual +lan #,6,E )0

-ourth -i2e 9ear +lan #,,!)E $6,

Annual +lan #,!6 !,E *(


59/101

Annual +lan #,!6!,E *(

Annual +lan #,!,60E )6

Si


60/101

g y

(re*ging in In*i!n M!>or Por#

=4@To#!"

Ni"Ni"T+#i-orin

343.Chenn!i

343.Vi!h!/!#n!m

;44;.P!r!*i/


61/101

> 3perating Areas = 1ua&s J etties> Cargo Storage = Liuid Tan4s

Dr&=

Co2ered Shed

'nco2ered 3pen storage

> +ort Side 7ndustr& = Con2e&or

+ipe line

Road J Rail

" Communication = RailRoad+ipeline


62/101

Con2e&or

= ?arshalling Areas

> +ort Ser2ice = To Ships

7ndustr& = To +ort 3perator

= To +ort 'sers


63/101

$TORAGE CAPACIT'


64/101

Shiploading and unloading #.* to $.* times ma


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AREA REIREMENT$ FOR

(IFFERENT IN($TRIE$

3il Refiner& $0 ectares upwards

per ?illion Tonne

+etro Chemicals *000 to !000 Tonnes

+er ectare

7ntegrated Steel $$* ectare +er ?illion


66/101

7ntegrated Steel $$* ectare +er ?illion

;or4s Tonne of 3re

Aluminium $ ectares per

#00:000 Tonnes of Raw?aterial and *0:000

Tonnes of +roduction

C)A$$IFICATION OF CARGO


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The sea %orne trade is mainl& classified

into the following three %asic groups=

> General Cargo 5rea45ul4E

> Liuid 5ul4 Cargo

> Dr& 5ul4 Cargo

C)A$$IFICATION OF CARGOC)A$$IFICATION OF CARGO

GENERA) CARGO % BREAK ? B)K&


68/101

The general cargo trade accounts for a%out $08of

the 7ndian Sea %orne traffic.

The specialised ships deplo&ed for the carriage of

general cargo can %e classified under the following %asic

categories=

> -ull& Cellular Container ships

> Rollon Rolloff ships and

> 5arge carr&ing 2essels


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The a2erage size of General Cargo ships is in the

region of $0:000 to (0:000 D;T and the

Container ships 2ar& from !*0 to :000 T"'Fs.

Ir)", ", o+ t* Cot),r S*,!"


70/101

((6)% #(m

draft

$(6:000thGeneration

(#0 )$.6%

#)m draft

:000*thGeneration#,,*

$!*(0*$():000*:000)thGeneration#,66

$0$60$((:000):000(rdGeneration#,6*

$#*$($:000$ndGeneration#,!0#,60

#60#Less than

#:000

#stGeneration#,0#,!0

)eng#h%me#re&

$/ee*No. ofTE

Gener!#ion(!#e

Ir)", ", o+ t* Cot),r S*,!"


71/101


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)II( B)K CARGO


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The liuid cargo represents a%out )08 of the

7ndian Sea%orne trade. The Liuid %ul4 can %e classified

into the following groups and the percentage the&represent are as under=

> Crude 3il = 608

> 3il deri2ati2es in = #)8

#0 groups

> L.+.G: L.N.G etc.> Liuid: Ammonia = 8

> Chemicals

The Ty/i-!" ie of #!ner referre* #o in #he


76/101

"i#er!#+re !re ! +n*er:

in D;TE

General purpose #*00

$),,,

?edium range $*000 I )),,,

Long range 7 )*000 I !,,,,

Long range 77 60000 I #*,,,,/er& large crude carrier #0000 I ($0000

'ltra large crude carrier a%o2e ($0000


77/101


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(R' B)K CARGO(R' B)K CARGO

Dr& 5ul4 cargo represents a%out )08 of the

sea%orne trade. The %ul4 cargo is di2ided into=

> ?a@or %ul4 and

> ?inor %ul4

The cargo co2ered under the ma@or %ul4 and the


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percentages under each classification are as

under=

> 7ron 3re = )*8

> Coal = $08

> Grain = $08

> 5au Roc4 +hospate = !8


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The cargo co2ered under minor %ul4 are

fertilizers: cement: sulphur: sugar: iron and steel

products etc.

The coal is commonl& transported in *0:000 to

60:000 D;T%ul4 carriers.

;hile 7ron 3re is freuentl& carried in #00:000 to

$00:000 D;TShips.

The -ommon #ermino"ogy +e* in #he"i# # " #i # i i f hi


86/101

"i#er!#+re re"!#ing #o 2!rio+ ie of hi/

%(WT& !re ! +n*er=and& Size $!000

and& ?a< )*000

+anama< !0000

Cape size #*0000

+roduct A2erage )*000

Aframa< ,*000

Suez ?a< #)0000

/LCC $60000

THE APPRODIMATE CORRE)ATION


87/101


BETWEEN $HIP (RAFT AN( TONNAGE

GRT (r!f# in fee# (r!f# in*e-ime#re

#:000 #!., *).*

$:000 $0.0 0.,(:000 $#.6 .)*

):000 $(. !#.,(

*:000 $*.) !!.)$:000 $. 6#.06

!:000 $!.) 6(.*$

APPRODIMATE CORRE)ATION



88/101


$MA))ER $HIP$

GRT(r!f#

in Me#re

#000 *.)*

$000 .0,(000 .)

)000 !.#,

*000 !.!)000 6.#0

!000 6.(*

APPRODIMATE CORRE)ATION

$ O G


89/101


)ARGE MO(ERN $HIP$

(e!*eigh#(r!f#

in Me#re

#0000 !.,

$0000 ,.#*0000 ##.

#00000 #).

$00000 #6.((00000 $#.,

*00000 $!.)



90/101



GRT (r!f# in fee# (r!f# in*e-ime#re

#:000 #!., *).*

$:000 $0.0 0.,(:000 $#.6 .)*

):000 $(. !#.,(

*:000 $*.) !!.)$:000 $. 6#.06

!:000 $!.) 6(.*$


91/101

A2er!ge Ann+!" Thro+gh/+#


92/101

A2er!ge Ann+!" Thro+gh/+#

C!rgo Thro+gh/+#in m#/!

G"N"RAL CARG3 5"RTS 0.#$* I 0.$*0

C3NTA7N"R 5"RTS 0.00 I #.$00

RoRo 0.*00 I #.*00

5'LB 5"RT 3R"C3ALE 6 T3 #0

5'LB 5"RT GRA7NE 0.* T3 $.*

37L 5"RT $ T3 #0

MANAGEMENT OF PORT$MANAGEMENT OF PORT$


93/101

Generall& ports ma& %e managed %& an& one

of the following authorities=

> Go2ernment

> ?unicipalit&

> 5oard of Trustees

> +ri2ate owners

> 7ndustrial enterprise

EDAMP)E$ OF (IFFERENT T'PE$ OFMANAGEMENT$


94/101

MANAGEMENT$

PORT Ty/e of A+#hori#y

5ristol Local Authorit&

?anchester +ri2ate Compan&

London A +u%lic Trust-eli


95/101

Rotterdam State owned: managed

Antwerp Directl& or through

am%urg Local Authorit&

7ndian +orts Go2ernment ownedmanaged %& 5oard ofTrustees

$ING)E POINT MOORING $'$TEM


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MOTHER$HIP 8 (AGHTER$HIP TRAN$FER


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)NG VE$$E) 8 3


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KENAI )NG EDPORT TERMINA) A)A$KA


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port management an overview

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