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PopVote Security & Privacy Mr. Jazz MA (IT Manager of Public Opinion Programme) eVoting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 1

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Page 1: PopVote Security Privacy -   · PDF fileVoting system log ... Based on the finding of the log checking Identified IP addresses Block ... eVoting_HKUPOP.ppt Author:

PopVote Security & Privacy

Mr. Jazz MA(IT Manager of Public Opinion Programme)

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 1

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PopVote

Topic: CE Election on 25 March On‐site

Voting station

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 2

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PopVote

Off‐site Website, Mobile 

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 3

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Risk

Open to public Allow public trial

1st stage: 16th – 20th March 2012  2nd stage: 21st March 2012

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 4

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ID card no. + SMS verification

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 5

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Protection

SSL authentication & encryption ID & Phone number hashing (SHA‐512) Virtual keyboard CAPCHA validation code

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 6

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Cloud servers

Off‐site request (website, mobile)

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 7

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Physical servers

On‐site request (station) 

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 8

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Firewall & IPS

The University of Hong KongInformation Technology Services Annual Report 2010‐2011e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 9

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Flow of voting

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 10

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Flow of voting

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 11

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Flow of voting

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 12

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Voting station

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 13

Page 14: PopVote Security Privacy -   · PDF fileVoting system log ... Based on the finding of the log checking Identified IP addresses Block ... eVoting_HKUPOP.ppt Author:

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 14

Page 15: PopVote Security Privacy -   · PDF fileVoting system log ... Based on the finding of the log checking Identified IP addresses Block ... eVoting_HKUPOP.ppt Author:

Total number of voters: 222,990 Onsite voters: 85,154 Offsite website voters: 66,005 Offsite mobile app voters: 71,831

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 15

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Image from MingPaoe‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 16

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Battle & Analysis

Mr. Jazz MAIT Manager of Public Opinion Programme

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 17

Mr. Kenneth LAMManager, Research and Development

3TECH Engineering Limited

Page 18: PopVote Security Privacy -   · PDF fileVoting system log ... Based on the finding of the log checking Identified IP addresses Block ... eVoting_HKUPOP.ppt Author:

Pictures from AppleDaily e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 18

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Pictures from HKUPOP e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 19

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Pictures from HKUPOP e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 20

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e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 21

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Battle

Suspected DDoS 21st March 2012 3:52PM Over 1million packets 

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 22

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Battle

Blocked foreign access at ISP level

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 23

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Battle

Email accounts being compromised 22nd March 2012 10:00AM & 8:00PM

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 24

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Google Apps – Domain management ‐ Reportse‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 25

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Battle

Email spoofing & virus spreading 23rd March 2012 Attachment :“「3.23民間全民投票」階段投票結果.rar”

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 26

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Battle

Traced the source from email header

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 27

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Battle

Suspected DDoS 23rd March 2012

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 28

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Battle

Downtime 23rd March 2012 07:00 – 21:00

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 29

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Battle

Checking: Programme code Checking: System log analysis Action: Block suspected IP Action: System optimization Other Action: IGP IP Black Hole

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 30

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Checking: Programme Code

Review system page flow / data flow Quick check of critical (slow) steps Identify potential attack points in the system Check system log and related source code Fine tune program (update source code)

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 31

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Checking: System Log Analysis

Objective Identify problems Find attacking source

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 32

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Checking: System Log Analysis

Log files Voting system log Web server access log Web server error log

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 33

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Action: Block suspected IP

Based on the finding of the log checking Identified IP addresses Block

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 34

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Action: System Optimization

Optimize program to reduce loading Remove graphic files from the voting pages Web server session and connection limit Database server optimization Update server firewall Add new servers to serve on‐site voting station

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 35

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Other Action: IGP IP Black Hole

Update DNS Apply filtering at DNS lookup state Not reply IP lookup result to overseas query Since HKU Computer Centre has blocked the overseas access, the IGP IP Black Hole service is not used

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 36

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After 24th March, 2012

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 37

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Web Access Log Analysis

Hints of DoS attack a large amount of accesses small packet size, exhaust the connection limits a bot running script, so the user agent may not be any browser, e.g. "‐"

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 38

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Web Access Log Analysis

Total no. of accesses (off‐site) 23‐Mar‐2012 & 24‐Mar‐2012 Total = 22,441,681 (22.4 million) Top 10,000 IP  = 5,240,010 (23.4%) Top  100 IP = 1,869,722 (8.3%)

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 39

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Web Access Log Analysis

Top 1      = 243,174 access Acunetix scanner scanning

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 40

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Web Access Log Analysis

1,335,577 access (5.951%) has size= “‐“ (i.e. 0 bytes) Attack? Congestion?

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 41

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Web Access Log Analysis

If useragents is “‐“, count=664,199 Proxy?

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 42

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e‐VotingChallenges

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e‐Voting Challenges

Design Risks Assessment Implementation Testing Production Environment

e‐Voting Security and Privacy Seminar, 19 May 2012 44

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Thank You