populations section #2: how species interact with each other
TRANSCRIPT
Populations
Section #2:How Species Interact
With Each Other
Niche
•the unique role of a species within an ecosystem
•the pattern of use of its habitat
•the job a species plays in an ecosystem
Ways in Which Species Interact
• competition• predation• parasitism• mutualism• commensalism• symbiosis• coevolution
Competition
• attempts to use the same limited resource
• within or between species (niche overlap)
• indirect – one feeds a night, other during the day
• niche restriction – use less than they are capable of using
Predation
•predator feeds on prey•prey have evolved
mechanisms to avoid or defend predators–camouflage–warning coloration–mimicry–protective covering
Parasitism
•organism lives on or in another and feeds on the host
•host rarely is killed by parasite because its better for the parasite to keep the host alive – host just weakens or is exposed to disease
Mutualism
•a close relationship between 2 species where each provides a benefit for the other
•often survival depends on this relationship
•ex. = bacteria in our intestines
Commensalism
•relationship where one species receives benefit while other species is neither helped nor harmed
•ex. = sharks & remoras
Symbiosis
•relationship in which two organisms live in close association
•in most, at least one species benefits
Coevolution
•over time, organisms with symbiotic relationships coevolve
•where the species develop adaptations that improve the benefits received
•ex. = flowering plants & insects
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