~

~

~

"

'1"~,

;:\

,~

The following expression ofgrati-tude was written by Ms. Shirley Mit-chell, a White medical technician III.Houston, Texas, and appeared ori-ginally in the Texas State SocietvAmerican Medical TechnologistsJournal, June, 1973.

Dear EdIt...",

ThIs Is just a short note to let you know how much1 enJoy reldlng your weekly paper. 11IE BLACK

PAN'niER.1 flrKl It very dIrect and Informstlve In dealing

wJlil community, notional IIKI Intern8tlonal news th8twe 88 Black. poor and oppressed people In thls nstlonshould be aware of.

It baa alwa ys been of ~moat Imponance. In myopinion. th8t Black IIKI other poor and oppo-essed peo-ples here In thls country have a viable, effectIve news-paper service whose Impetus and dIrection serve 88 thevoice of the common people. ThIs Is of no concern tothe establIshed modia, who Is supposedly doIng thIs.

What the Black Panther Party Is doIng In Oakland Is

panlculariy beautIful .Imply because the peoples need.are tryIng to be ~t. ThIs Is always Important becauseIf Black and poor people don't have s motivating forceto revolve around. whlcb the Panther Party serve. 88.theIr exploltstJoD by thIs Inhumane social order wI1lcontInue indefln8tely.

Once agaIn. In closIng. 1 really enjoy 'niB BLACKPANniER and hope that the Black Panther Pony willcontInue to be a servant of the peoples needs/alwaysl

Sincerely,FrederIck ClarkSt. l.ouls, Ma.

Dear Brothers aOO SIsters,

1 would like '0 commen, briefly on on article youwro'e pertaIning '0 the fourteen-year-old SIster shotby on Atlanta, Georgia, pIg. Ir shows once aga1n howdegenerce aOO ruthl..s dIe animals are. FIrst, thebarbarIc murder of young 8rod1er ClIfford Glover lastmondl bY the terrorls,s In New York, Now the Inddentwkh dIe Sister.

Mony more of us will feel some of dIe fasdst wrathbefore the lnevllable desrruttlon of the western hemIs-phere, To my Black Brothers and SIsters everywhere,1 plead wkh you. Get yourselves together , because wedon', have much rIme.

WIth uMy~ love for my peoplelAll power to the oppres.edl

Thorn.. Msthews. Jr .NewOrleans. La.

t..

WHY BOYCOTT SAFEWAY?

I do not believe most people areaware of the constant struggle thatBlacks face in America. One needfor survival in the Black communityis to be aware of and to fight SickleCell Anemia.

Through my employers, The FourthWard Clinic, and by assisting theHouston Branch of the Black PantherParty in their free Sickle Cell An-emia testing program, I have had thehonor of addressing, onnumerousoc-casions, the student body of the TexasSouthern University Pharmacy Schoolon the topic of Sickle Cell Anemia.The students asked to help the Pan-thers in two neighborhood screeningprograms this spring. In the process,we taught about thirty students to ad-minister the screening tests. There-after, the stUdents asked the Panthersand me to help them organize a cam-pus-wide Sickle Cell screening pro-gram for the 5,000 students at TexasSouthern University.

Our program consists of the fol-lowing: (I) making people aware ofwhat Sickle Cell Anemia is; (2) ad-ministering the solubility screeningtest; (3) drawing a Hgb. Electro-phoreses on the spot for all positivescreening tests; ( 4) giving follow-upgeneti~ counselling in the patient'shome through a team of students andPanthers. We have tested over 7,000people to date following the above pro-gram.

We have benefitted from the co-operation of many people. Mr. NeilRawlinson, Nivalo Institute of Medi-cal Technology, does our Hgb. Elec-trophoreses at no charge and Dr.Jim Guilford, T .S.U. School of Phar-macy, makes our reagent, whichcosts only $40 for 5,000 tests in-stead of the $2,500 we would haveto pay for a commercially preparedproduct. They, along with others whosaved disposable blood bank tubes,have helped cut the cost of screening5,000 people from $7,200 to$140.

My part in a screening program isto organize the necessary equipmentand personnel, to teach people to ad-

CONTINUED ON PAGE .

No single group of laborers inAmerica are as fiercely exploited asfarm workers, The e Kploitation arisesout of the rapid and widescale growthof giant, mechanized agro-business,absentee land ownership by hugecor-porations, the seasonal nature of agri-culture and massive racism,

In California and throughout the.Southwest, farm workers are pre-

dominantly Mexican-American, Butin many parts of the country they areBlack and poor White, This is no ac-cident. It is part of the pattern ofexploitation,

Depending on the high level of un-employment and under -employment ofMeKican -Americans and Blacks inareas of their high concentration,owners and managers of agro-busi-nesses offer starvation wages and 19thCentury working conditions to thosewho harvest much of the produce thatthe American people eat,

Throughout the rural South Blackmen, women and children have beenexploited for decades as tenant far-mers as well as farm laborers, Today,as the individual small farm of A-merican tradition is rapidly beingreplaced by the new, modern, giantfarm "plantation", the Black andsmall farmer is either being pushedoff the land or forced into a newslavery little better than that theCivil Warwas supposed to have ended,

The federal government and stategovernments bordering on Mexico

.make a pretense of maintaining bor-jer controls to prevent hard-pressed\1exicans traveling north in search

.)f a better life than they have known.n their homeland. In fact, however,:he evidence is overwhelming proof

.)f the complicity of government withagro-business to import cheap Mexi-:an labor to work in the fields,

All this helps to explain why theBlack Panther Party has launched a

.Eull-scale boycott of Safeway super-llarkets in Oakland, and has aligned

: i.tself wholeheartedly with the strug-.~le of the United Farm Workers Union.UFWU), led by the indomidable Ce-

.~ar Chavez.

.The UFWU's dedication to ending.:he oppression of America's farm-.Norkers has resulted in vicious re-' )ression. Corrupt elements in the

: 'eadership and from the ranks of the: Ilready discredited Teamsters Union: lave joined hands with the corporate: ~rowers to stop and break the UFWU

n its efforts.In the interests of farm workers and

111 oppressed and exploited of thisand, we urge all Americans: OON'T;HOP AT SAFEWAYI OON'T PUR-::HA...'E NON-UFWU PICKED LET -rucE OR GRAPES ANYWHEREI;UPPORT THE UFWUI

THE BLACK !,ANTHER, SA'ItJRDi\ Y , JULY 28, 1'T13 PAGE 3

PONTIAC PRISON, ILL. lined a number of plans whichhepro-mises will be implemented by Sep-tember ISth. Two key programs hesaid would begin before that date area Prisoners' Rights committee and aLegal Rights committee. The Pri-soners' Rights committee is to be agrievance committee to which prisoninmates can go for redress of pro-blems they have.

According to Brierton, the LegalRights committee would provide fora legal consultant on the staff of everystate prison. Brierton says that a ma-jor change will be making prisonsoperate under a .'unit managementsystem, which breaks down the totalprison system into separate depart-ments...Most of the money from nowon will go into training mid-manage-ment people so that we can begin todeliver and support services for theprisoner".

Brierton's promises sound good,but only the actual implementation ofthese programs and by fulfillinghis promise to work closely with thecommittee, can he prove his sincerity .It is doubtful that any of these pro-grams would be implemented, or evendiscussed at a meeting like this, ifthere was no strong community sup-port for our incarcerated brothersand sisters in Illinois by progressivegroups like the Community Involve-ment Committee. Their worthy ex-ample will undoubtedly be followed inother communities allover this coun-try.

,c

" ."-

PHIL COHRAN (le6tl be~~de MA ROU~w~th Pont~a~ p~~~on o66~~~al~.

number of positive programs to aidthe prison population here.

The lj-member committee, whichincludes Black musician Phil Coh-ran, PUSH community organizer MaHouston, and such organizations asChicago Connections, Search forTruth, Inc. and the Black PantherP arty , met for over three hours withDave Brierton, assistant director ofthe Ulinois Department of Cor-rections, Pontiac Warden JohnJ.Pet-rilli, and Assistant Warden DonaldHarvey. The three officials mademany promises to the group, but failedto r~spond adequately to the group'squestions about the penal institution'slatest violations of prison inmaterights, an illegal lock-up and unjusttransferrals.

The meeting followed the com-mittee's successful June 4th Com-munity Prisoners Conference. At thatconference, for the first time, prisoninmates and community supportersmet in workshops to outline programsto remedy prison ills.

The committee demanded that theofficials explain why prison inmateswere being transferred to other pri-sons without the notification of theirfamilies? Why prisoners were notbeing afforded an opportunity for re-ligious services? Why prisoners wereput on lock-up following the l;om-mittee's June 4th conference? Why theratio of Black guards doesn't nearlyapproach the percentage of Black in-mates?

Warden Petrilli only gave piece-meal answers to these questions,

men, women and children. However,this repression only increased thedetermination of the demonstrators,caused the demonstration to growandultimately resulted in welfare case-workers joining in.

By mid-day some of Philadelphia'spoverty programs tried to quell theanger of the demonstration by pro-viding food. But, whenthedemonstra-tors saw the bent, unlabeled, rustycans donated by the Campbell SoupCompany, they were outraged. ThePhiladelphia Chapter of the BlackPanther Party added sandwiches, hotdogs and sodas to the food and blan-kets provided the demonstrators. Asdarkness fell over the crowded in-tersection, support shown thedemonstrators had increased evenmore.

Just after midnight, a policemanallowed a friend to drive through theblockaded intersection. As the demon-strators moved to stop the car andask the driver his reason for runn~the blockade, the car sped up and justmowed through the crowd, crushingthe legs of an elderly man lying on a

blanket.The demonstration ended when

police waded into the tiemonstratorsand arrested 18 persons. ThreeCONTINUED ON PAGE 15

ral hun-a protestbecause10 V leeksj up by[ld could~islatureanwhile,!re hard'ood andcalcare.!d at thelowntown:30 a.m.Ithoriza-1k loansThe of-

ting line!rsection

s had all!rsectioIilses andlrresting

PRISON OfflCIA

(Chicago, Ill.) -The CommunityInvolvement Committee of PontiacPrison met with top ranking prisonofficials at the facility on July Istto discuss the implementation of a

LS

demagogically stating that! .there wasa lot of hostility between the pri-soners" after the conference, andthat was the reason for the lock-up.p etrmi added that some prisoners

-l:J\!J

TON OF P.U.S.H. at meeting

were transferred because of threatson their lives.

Dave Brierton, who has held theposition of assistant director of theIllinois Department of Corrections foronly three and one-half weeks, out-

PH ILLY

WELFARE

CHECK DELAY

PROTESTED

(Philadelphia, Pa.) -Sevedred welfare recipients held idemonstration here last weektheir welfare-checks were t\1late. The checks were hellstate capital bureaucracy aJnot be released until the le~passed a new budget. Memany welfare recipients WEpressed to find money for 1other essentials,such as medi,

Welfare recipients arrivewelfare assistance office in dPhiladelphia as early as 7on July llth to receive autions for interest-free batand emergency food stamps.fice was closed, and the waioverflowed into the large inteof two busy streets.

Soon the welfare recipienttraffic through the inteblocked. Police arrived in blriot wagons, brutalizing and a

rnB SLACK PANntBR, SATURDAY, JULY 28,1973 PAGE 4

PRESIDENTIAL POLLS REVEAL

KENNEDY/WALLACE

FRONTRUNNERS

LARRY J.USTJ.CE

(Marin, Ca.) -SuperiorCourtJudgeJoseph Wilson has denied all motionsfor a new trial in the case of EarlGibson and Larry Justice, two Blackprisoners unjustly convicted of mur-dering a prison guard and assaultingan inmate in San Quentin Prison. Wil-son made this ruling despite muchevidence and testimony clearly in-dicating their innocence and the pro-ven and admitted evidence of jurymisconduct.

Two jurors have admitted re-searching the case illegally after thejury was excused for the day. Anotherjuror del iberately lied during the juryselection process. Judge Wilsonmaintained that this. 'may not haveaffected'. the trial results.

There was no factual evidence atall linking the defendents to the crime.Fingerprints found on the murderweapon were proven not to belong toeither defendent. Three civilian pri-

EARL GIBSON

son employees, reliable witnesses,confirmed that the two men runningfrom the scene of the stabbings werenot Justice or Gibson. Both de-fendents had several witnesses to thefact that they were somewhere elseat the time.

The only prosecution testimony wasthe word of ex-Inmate Herman John-son, who Judge Wilson acknowledgedwas an unreliable, non-credible wit-ness, and who is considered a.'snitch" by other prlsone~s at SanQuentin. Nevertheless. Judge Wilsoncallously denied Brothers Justice andGibson a new trial.

The defense Is raising $5,000 foran appeal. Send all contributions to:The Glbson-Justice Defense Fund.c/o Joe Scharlln, 2963 MagnoliaStreet. Berkeley, California 94705.

GRATITUDE TO B.P.P.

CONTINUED FROM P.\GE 2

minister the tests, to supervise and

draw blood at the testing location and

to teach genetic counseling.

I thank the Panthers for showing me

the. 'struggle" and involving me in it,

the clinic for giving me encourage-

ment and time off to work in these

programs, and the T .S.U, Pharmacy

School for all their help and interest.

Mo~t of all I thank all the people\V ho h~ve help~d gnj be~n in'!olved

with :1\e rrogr lm. ~, ii P~i!' ,1 rre-

menduus l')iJOrtunity for Jll ji 0.;; to

serve the peo?le.

(Princeton,N.J.) -Edward M. Ken-nedy and George C. Wallace of Ala-bama are the two front-runners forthe Democratic Presidential nomina-tion in 1976, according to a Galluppoll reported iast week. However, aquestion designed to test the public'sidentity awareness, showed GeorgeWallace edging Kennedy with 94 per-cent, to Kennedy's 93 percent, bothleading the list.

The Massachusetts Senator is thefirst choice of 40 percent of thosepolled. Wallace is second withl6per-cent. Senator Edmund S. Muskie ofMaine is next choice with 9 percent,followed by Senators Hubert H. Hum-phrey of Minnesota and George Mc-Govern of South Dakota with 8 per-cent each.

The poll was based on a nation-wide sample of 1,566 adults, but onlythe views of the 659 persons labelingthemselves as Democrats were usedfor the nomination choices.

Although the question of whetheror not Kennedy will be a presidentialcandidate in 1976 is reportedly stillup in the air, his recent sojourn in-to Wallace's racist territory to testthe lay of the Southland indicates heis rapidly making up his mind to run.He recently announced he will revealhis plans shortly after the 1974 con-

gressional elections.w ALLACE AND BLACKS

Meanwhile, the Associated Pressreported last week that Georgia StateR~presentative Julian Bond and Go-vernor Wallace will be among thespeakers this weekend at a Democra-tic party delegate selection con-ference in Atlanta, Georgia.

The stage is being set. This Gal-lup Poll result, coming hard on theheels of Kennedy's appearance inDe-catur, Alabama, as guest of Gover-Qor George Wallace, the symbol ofAmerican racism, is part of the pat-tern.

The appearance of Wallace on thesame platform as Black Georgia StateRepresentative Julian Bond, is meantto suggest to Blacks, and to theAmerican people as a whole, thatWallace isn't so bad on Blacks, afterall. He's speaking on the same plat-form with one, isn't he?

But Black Americans will not befooled. We know who George Wal-lace is, and we know now who Ken-nedy is. Kennedy and Wallace in 1976,will make it impossible for us to ex-ercise our right to vote unless we are~i.,en a real alternative to the Nixons.f ',': ac~r:;,-e. TQ Ji!f:;'. .,."; r;1~ vo..e .I.

::;'0 .:::!c;!.c:..l '\.1) i.;; t:'J.,Jn:",!fi\oJ-;3te:; for f.lsci~m in ,\me(lc.1.

..

WASTE"A

SOUTHERN U. MURDERS

SPECIAL INVESTIGA TION

OF TIME"(Baton Rouge, Louisiana) -' , A Haqulia said after the commission's

waste of time" is the way in which released its report July 10, .'theyone Black member of the Attorney could have passed down indictmentsGeneral's Special Commission of In- in November". It is similar to thequiry described the commission's in- Kent State and Jackson State studentvestigation of the November 16, 1972, massacres, in 1970, Sister Kuji toldfatal shootings of two Black students THE BLACK p ANTHER, .'they hadon the Baton Rouge campus of South- investigation commissions and in-ern University .quiries to look into exactly what hap-

If they were going to indict any- pened, but no indictments were everone for the murders Sister Kuji made against the murderers who

HAYWARD

BROWN

WINS THIRD

AQUITT AL

actually fired the shots", Sister Kuji

said that from films commission

members saw and visits they made

to the scene of the shooting, they

could have determined which police-

men shot the brothers,

The commission report, released

last week by Attorney General WU-

liam J, Guste, Jr" states: ..Leon-

ard Brown and Denver Smith were

shot as they were running away from

the entrance of the administration

building, They were not under arrest

and were not armed, They were shot

as they ran along the escape route

which the law enforcement agencies

had planned in the event gas was used,

There was no justification in law en-

forcement for their being shot, The

entire confrontation of November 16,

1972, should never have occurred,"

y et, the confrontation did take place,

instigated by an insensitive school

administration and racist White state

police; as a result Brothers Leonard

Brown and Denver Smith were killed,

Referring to these findings of the

commission, Sister Kuji explained

that these unjust police actions "had

to come out, becausetherewasnowaythey could justify the fact that they

valued property over the brothers'

lives",STUDENT FRUSTRA TION

The report further states, "South-

ern University is a Black school

under the control of a State Board of

Education which has no members who

are Black, This fact evidently caused

much of the student frustration, con-

fusion and distrust that led to the

unrest on the campus in October ana

November of 1972, The commission

determined that there was a general

feeling of helplessness on the part of

the students","

Although the commission alleges it, 'recognizes the intensity and scope of

the Southern students' frustration",

it contradicts itself contending that:, 'the student demonstrations at South-

ern University were beyond the bounds

of constitutionally guaranteed protest

and created disorder on the campus,

This escalation of student grievances

to student disorder did, in fact, dis-

rput the normal function of the uni-

versity," What they do not mention,

however, is the frustration and rage

of being Black in racist America,

The commission report also

recommends reforms, They include a

greater student voice in campus af-

fairs, a better student relationship

with administrators, and a student bill

of rights, However, the commission

contradicted itself again by prQPOsingpolice state policies such as use of

outside police on campus and more

riot control training by state police,

Once again, despite overwhelming

evidence establishing police res-

ponsibility in the deaths of the tWo

brothers, those responsible remain

free,

Haywa~d B~own'4 ju~y 6o~e-lIIan STANLEY LEON."Cahalen is trying to show we were

biased. He shouldn't try to find biasin our minds just because he feelswe should return a guilty verdict.What did he want us to do, railroadsomeOOdy?"

In contrast, Brother Leonfoundde-fense attorney Kenneth V. Cockrel'scase intelligent and convincing. Brownhad twice before been attacked with-out provocation by police. PoliceCommissioner John F. Nichols hadsent his men on the most intensivemanhunt in Detroit's history to getthe "mad dog killers". Said Bro-ther Leon, ' 'Here was a young man

who'd ventured into danger. He wasbeing hunted like a slave with a pcic~on his head...When you're huntedyou're afraid. He (Brown) had severalopportunities to shoot the policemen-one said Brown even pointed his gunstraight at him but didn't shoot, hedidn't kill anyone.'.

Brother Haywood Brown acted inself defense because he was afraidfor his life. One month after his cap-ture two of his companions, JohnBoyd and Mark Bethune were gunneddown by pursuing police, proving thevalidity of his fears. We are notsurprised with Attorney Cockrel'sstatement, "There has never been aconviction (in Detroit) of a Whiteofficer for a homicide against aBlack man"--we know the reasonswhy.

(Detroit, Michigan) -Controversysurrounds the July 6th, acquittal ofBrother Hayward Brown on two countsof assault with intent to murder twoWayne State University policemen.The jury of one Puerto Rican, tenBlacks and one Japanese-Americanbrought the ten-day trial to a closeafter two hours of deliberations. Asjury foreman Stanley Leon announcedthe unanimous, first-vote verdict ofthe nine man, three woman jury,Judge Samuel Gardner's court wasfilled with cheers. It was the thirdacquittal Haywood Brown has receivedrecently; the other two coming in con-nection with cases associated with thenotorious killer-cop squad, STRESS.

However, Assistant Wayne COUBtyProsecutor James T. Lacey did notshare the spectators' jubilation. Hewas, .'very disappointed by the ver-dict". The next day, Wayne CountyProsecutor William Cahalan told thepress that the third acquittal of Bro-ther Brown on charges of shooting atpolicemen was a .'miscarriage ofjustice" and declared thar. .'Thereshould have been a guilty verdict".

When Brother Stanley Leon, the 57year old jury foreman, saw the pro-secutor's remarks in Sunday's news-papers he felt compelled to respondto the criticism. "We were told thelaw says we should not find him guiltyif there was any reasonable doubt inour minds. I can tell you we all hadso many doubts.

"It was no fault of the jury's thatthat man went free. There were somany holes in the case and too muchconflicting evidence. Among otherthings, the jury found discrepanciesin the ballistics evidence. Some ofus work in plants and we're not stu-pid about how guns work", BrotherStanley Leon said.

PEOPLE'S

PERSPECTIVE

TALK SHOWS BUGGED

(New York) -The Secret Serviceand FBI are tuned in on people whophone radio talk shows with remarkscritical of President Nixon. Tapes oftheir calls are being provided to thegovernment. "We've been gettingthese requests every two or threemonths from Secret Service or theFBI", said R. Peter Straus, presi-dent of New York station I WMCA,"particularly when the President iscoming to New York...they monitor usvery carefully for the voices."

PRISONERS UNION CALLED"RADICAL FRONT"

(Washington, D.C.) -Two Ohiopolice intelligence officers last weektold the House Internal Security Com-mittee that a prison labor union mo-vement in Ohio is a' 'front' , for groups

seeking to radicalize inmates. Detec-tive Robert Hislop of the Columbus,Ohio, Police Intelligence Bureau anda former undercover agent, claimedthat the Ohio Prison Labor Unionformed last April is actually a frontfor what he called the "radical"Prisoners Solidarity Committee. Bothorganizations are involved in effortsto gain improved prisoner conditionsand prison reform.

BERKELEY COUNCIL

SUPPORTS U.F.W.

they didn't have to come to his houselate at night and surround it.

Six days after this arrest BrotherRon was arrested again, this time ona downtown street as a result of thecity power structure's policy of at-tacking distributors of newspapersthey consider controversial. In onerecent incident, in June, police mur-dered a young Black Muslim whilehe was selling papers. A police of-ftcer was killed in the incident andseven Muslims were arrested.

Two eyewitnesses to Brother Ron'sarrest (who were later arrested them-selves} said that he was standingpeacefully on the street circulatingpapers and not bothering anyone whenpolice arrested him. When he was ef-fectively under police control, twomen in dungarees, who were ap-parently undercover police, camerunning across the street and beath im up. Brother Ron received lacera-tions on one arm, a swollen lip and abruise on the side of his head. He wascharged with creating a turmoil, vio-lation of the Safe Streets and Side-walk Act, and inciting a riot, How-ever, Atlanta police were the onlyones who were guilty of these charges.

Brother Ron spent the weekend injail after his friends were told hisbail was set at $10,000, when it wasactually $1, 700. He was released thefollowing Monday, after a hearingwhich .'reduced" his bail to $1;600.

(Berkeley, Ca,} -The BerkeleyCity Council last week moved to dem-onStrate support for the United FarmWorkers Union led by Cesar Cha-vez and the struggle of farm workersby ordering city officials to purchaselettuce and table grapes picked onlyby unions that have agreed to ..im-mediate, free and open elections",The Teamsters Union, claiming torepresent farm workers in southernCal ifornia, have repeatedly refused toagree to open elections,

VETERANS TRIAL TO BEGIN

(Gainesville, PIa,} -The Gaines-ville 8, seven members of the Viet-nam Veterans Against the War (VV-AW) and a supporter of the organiza-tion, victims of Watergate/Gemstoneprovocation and conspiracy, go ontrial on July 31 in Gainesville, Florida,for "conspiracy", A five day demon-stration of support, from July 31st toAugust 4th, is scheduled in Gaines-ville, including rallies, marches, mu-sic, guerrilla theater, courthouse

watch and people's assembly/camp-sites,

(Brooklyn, New York) -Prison in-mates in New York City's BrooklynHouse of Detention, a pre-trial de-tention center for men, are staginga month-long court boycott. They areprotesting the denial of their constitu-tional and human rights by the city andstate of New York. Scheduled to endon July gist, the boycott involvesabout 65% to 8~ of the facility's1,200 detainees.

The prison inmates seek an end tothe practice by King's County Dls-trict Attorney Eugene Gold of over-indicting defendents. This is the actof deliberately charging a defendentwith more crimes or more seriouscrimes than the D.A. has any evi-dence that the defendent has actuallycommitted. This practice is used to

New Yo~k p~~4On ~nmate4(t~ke the one above) a~e p~o-te4t~ng aga~n4t eond~t~on4that have e~~4ted 6o~ yea~4.

give the D.A. a stronger negotiatingposition in the treacherous game ofplea bargaining. The D.A. can pro-CONTINUE NEXT P,\GE

(Atlanta, Georgia) -As part of anobvious scheme to harass and/ordestroy the Atlanta Chapter of theBlack Panther Party, police here havearrested Party member Ron Cartertwice in one week.

Brother Ron was arrested on June23rd at his home and held in FultonCounty Jail to await extradition oncharges stemming from a New Jer-sey arrest for alleged arms viola-tions. Ron's house was completelysurrounded by police, who wereheavily armed. Several days later,on June 29th. Brother Ron was ar-rested while he was peacefully circu-lating THE BLACK P ANTHER news-paper on an Atlanta street.

When police entered Brother Ron'sapartment in the first arrest, theyhad no warrants or extradition pa-pers. The police went so far as tosay that he may have been involvedin the New Orleans shootout of Jan-uary in which Mark Essex was killed.The columns of Atlanta's establish-ment press took up this far-fetchedcry and tried to implicate BrotherRon in the shootout.

At a June 26th hearing, BrotherRon's case was postponed for twoweeks while New Jersey preparedextradition papers. He was releasedon $1,000 bond. Brother Ron's at-torney, AI Horn, said that the casewas "a total political arrest, totalpolitical harassment". He said thatif the police wanted Carter so bad.

THE BLACK PANTHER.SAWRDAY. JULY 28,1973 PAGE 7

Att~ea de6endent4' ~uppo~te~~ out~~de Wa~~aw, New Yo~keou~thou~e.

COURT

REPRESSION MARKS PROCEEl

(Buffalo, N. Y .) -Last month saw theopening of pre-trial hearings in thecase of 60 prisoners and former pr~-soners who were indicted by the stateof New York in the attermath of theAtticl1 Prison rebellion and the sub-sequent massacre.

Meanwhile, in Washington, D.C.,the House Select Committee on Crimereleased a report condemning theneedlessness of the use of shotgunsin retaking the prison. The senselessslaughter of 39 men including hostageprison guards, and the maiming ofliterally hundreds more resulted fromthe use of shotguns on that day.

Despite this. 'lip service' , by the

government, not one of the govern-ment's agents, troopers or state of-ftcials, have been indicted. All 60 de-fendents at the Buffalo trial are sur-vivors of the unarmed prison popula-tion, who were attacked because oftheir demand for human rights,cl\usingtheir oppressors to lose their prestigeof power; senseless, inhumaneretali-ation killing innocent men who soughtonly their dignity .

Amid rigid security arrangements,Judge Carmen Ball'g court was thescene of striking revelations as pro-ceedings began on June 18. Defenseattorney Don Jellirek, legal coordin.ator of the At tic a cases, charged that"Watergate-type surveillance"of278members of the legal defense team isoccuring. Attorney Arthur Kiney'sphone has been tapped 26 times bythe U.S. Justice Department's ownadmission. Attorney Jellirek's officewas mysteriously broken into severaltimes in the weeks beforethehear-

ings began.Although the government has al-

ready squandered over $3 million re-searching and gathering evidence to beused in the trial, defense lawyers havenot even been allowed to view the mas-

)/NGS

sacre site or read the ballistics and

autopsy reports.One defendent was beaten on the

second day of the hearings by theguards and Erie County sheriff's de-CLJNTL"'LED UN P\GE 1:3

N .C .ACTIVIST RE CEIVES

SUSPENDED SENTENCE

(Wilmington, N.C.) -"Even though1 won't have to serve any time, I'mnot content with this sentence. I'm in-nocent.'. These words were spoken byMs. Mollie Hicks, Black communityactivist, after she received a three-year suspended sentence on June 29th.She along with Rev. Ben Chavis andher 19-year old daughter, Leatrice,were accused of being accessoriesafter the fact in the 1971 accidentalkilling of Clifford Wright. (See theJuly 7, 1973, issue of THE BLACKp ANTHER.)

A mistrial was declared againstLeatrice. Charges against Rev. Cha-vis were dropped on June 22nd becauseof the flimsiness of the case againsthim and because of community sup-port from throughout North Carolina.MB. Hicks apparently was chosen asthe scapegoat of the trial.

Ms. Hicks was accused of the "ac-cessories'~ charge after claiming thatCllftord Wright, who was accidentallyshot by Donald Nixon while both wereguarding her apartment, was shot bya white man as he opened the door ofher apartment. However, DonaldNixon, the chief prosecution witness,reversed his previous statement andhas now confessed to accidentallyshooting Clifford while engaging inhorseplay, as both were guarding Ms.Hicks' apartment during a period ofracial violence in the city.

BOYCOTT

CONTINUED FROM P.~E 6

mise to drop this or that charge, or

reduce a charge to a less serious

count, if the defendent will agree to

plead guilty to the remaining charges.

It is a viclous "game" and failure

to play, or play well, has resulted

in lengthy sentences for unfortunate

victims.Poor defendents must accept legal

counsel from the court because they

can not pay for private attorney.

The court-appointed attorney can only

provide inadequate and ineffective de-

fense for the victim. The average

"Legal Aid Society" lawyer is

handling aOOut 100 cases at a time.

These attorneys rarely see their

clients for more than five minutes

before going to trlal. This inadequacy

and the slowpaceofthecourtprocess,

with some defendents waiting up to two

years before going to trial, comprise

vlolations of the prisoner's Sixth

Amendment rights to "a speedyand

public trial" and"assistanceofcoun-

Bel for his defense".

The ridlculously high bails that

are set keep many defendents, par-

ticularly the poor. in jail for up to

two years before going to trial. This

practice flagrantly ignores the Eighth

Amendment provision that "excessive

bail shall not be required..." There is

no question that the condltions at the

Brooklyn House of Oetentionalsovio-

late the Eighth Amendment clause

prohibiting "cruel and unusual

punishments".The removal of six judges, the Chief

Clerk and O.A. Gold, all particularly

unfair and repressive officials, is

another prison inmate demand. The

prison inmates also demand a federal

investigation of their grievances, in-

cluding irregularities in the Grand

Jury proceedings, arbitrary denial of

defense motions, and unnecessary

transportation of inmates back and

forth to court.

At least two national organizations

have announced their support for the

prisoner's OOycott. The Congress of

Racial Equality (CORE) recently held

a mass rally in front of the jail. The

Black Panther Party fully supports

the prisoners' just demands.

I 11\ c, ,

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THE BLACK PANTHER, SAruRDAY, JULY 28,1973 PAGE 8

JOHNNY SPAIN DESCRIBES COURTROOM

locked to the seat, and another chatnis looped through our leg shacklesand padlocked to the floor. To stt sixhours tn tiJat posttlon ts rtdtculous, touse no lesser -term. When we getback from court our elbow and should-er joints are extremely sore becausethey have been out of use and badlysituated for 8 or 9 hours. I refuse tosit there and accept that. When in theholding cell, though stilI chained up,1 can at least lay down on the woodenbench.

"(3) San Quentin guards jump uswhen they please, I'm not going to sitiri the courtroom all chained up asif 'peace is normal', because it'snot when the people are not able tosee. The guards take the liberty toadminister severe beatings whilewe're chained up, (we haven't leftthetr "Adjustment Center" sinceAu-gust 21, 1971, without being chainedup), so the court scene is a show,a circus. When the chains come offI'm sure you won't see any of thoseguards in the courtroom. In orderfor the situation to be "orderly",as they say, those chains will haveCONTINUED ON PAGE 16

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TORTURE OF SAN QUENTIN SIX

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"On Friday. June 29th. 1973, the" ix had an appearance, in San Rafael'snfamous Courthouse. for what wasaIled a "pre-trial hearing". Whenre left the prison that morning every -

: !1ing seemed more tense than usual.-fote: We are not the ones who made.'1ingS tense because we are very"1Oroughly search and even moreloroughly chained up. It is only too

: bvious that the San Quentin guardsreate the atmosphere of extra ten-

" ~ness. Add: we are unarmed. They-re armed, excessively and unnec-isartly."The shackeling and chains should

" ! explained. Mter being stripped and;kin-searched". we are" "chained-,". which means literally that. There

a waist chain, padlocked aroundtr waist; there are tWo single hand-;ffs on each side of the waist chainItch, once the chain is around ourlist. our hands are cuffed to ourjes; there are the leg shackles, and

finally there is a chain looped aroundour necks and padlocked to the waistchain in back of us. The most move-ment we have with our hands is holdingour legal material--very little else.We even have to strain in leaningover to smoke a cigarette. It is vir-tually impossible to comb our hairwhile in chains and, in fact, one couldnot even blow his nose ifhe wanted to.

, 'Opoosed to what the Right media

has been saying, I have not been inthe courtroom during any of the pro-ceedings since they started earlierthis year. Some reasons for this are:'(I) I have wrist injuries of the mo-

tor and sensory nerves as a re-sult of the handcuffs tightening anddamaging them when the prison guardsattacked me September 7th, 1972, anddespite medical record of this as wellas doctor's orders for protective ban-dages to go between my wrists andthe handcuffs, the court refuses to en-force the doctor's orders and allowsSan Quentin guards to prevent mefrom wearing these bandages. (I re-fuse to sit in the courtroom pretend-ing that the cuffs are not damagingmy wrists further when the fact is,they are!)

"(2) When we go in the court-room we are put in more chainslThere is a chain placed around ourwaist (a second chain) that is pad-

,

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'ART I

The following, written by San Q!ten-tin Six defendent Johnny Spain, hasbeen excerpted from a lawsuit filedby Brother Spain in Marin CountySuperior Court. The suit "seeks tohalt all proceedings and matters re-lated to this case until such mattersas will be described below are heardand given disposition'.. Charging thattheir human rights have beenneglected and denied, Johnny Spainvividly depicts the cruel and viciousbeatings that the San Quentin Six aresubjected to; recounting the chainingand torture of the defendents as onlyhe can--from the point of view of theSan Quentin Six themselves.

Drastically restricted in their legalmoves, and denied counsel of theirchoice, the San Quentin Six are alsoplanning to file a $1,000,013,000 civilrights suit on these grounds.

In view of the fact that the Nixon-controlled media continues to hidefrom the public view the truth behind'he case of the San Quentin Six,white-cashing the State's ruthless assassin-Ition of Comrade George Jackson on\ugust 21, 1971, THE BLACK PAN-"HER is proud to reprint Brother

, -ohnny Spain's acount of the events at"e Marin County Courthouse at the"une 29th pre-trial hearing. In speak-'tg out in his own defense, and in theefense of the San Quentin Six, Johnnypain speaks for us all.

THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, JULY 28,1973 PAGE \

BY HUEY p, NEWTON

~£ttJLI/fiONA1tf

S"ICIDE

"CHINA"

PA.T 1

On October 8, 1971, in a press con-.ference held at San Francisco Inter-national Airport, Huey P. Newton an-nounced that hehadjustreturnedfroma IO-day visit to the PeoPle's Republicof China. Accompanying Brother Hueyon the trip were fellow Black Pan-ther Party members Elaine Brownand Robert Bay. Below, THE BLACKp ANTHER reprints excerpts from thechapter entitled "China" from HueyP. Newton's brilliant new book,Re-volutionary Suicide. Find out why Hueysays: "We felt that we were free forthe first time in our lives."

B~othe~ HUEV P. NEwTON ~n Tien atBROWN and ROBERT BAV.

Today, when I think of my experi-ences in the People's Republie ofChina -a country that overwhelmedme while [ was there -they seemsomehow distant and remote. Timeerodes the immediacy of the trip;the memory begins to recede. Butthat is a common aftermath of travel,and not too alarming. What is im-portant is the effect that China andits society had on me, and that im-pression is unforgettable.

"FELT AT HOME"While there, I achieved a psycho-

logical liberation I had never experi-enced before. It was not simply thatI felt at home in China; the reactionwas deeper than that. What I experi-enced was the sensation of freedom -as if a great weigh~ had been liftedfrom my soul and I was able to bemyself, without defense or pretenseor the need for explanation. I feltabsolutely free for the first time inmy life -completely free among myfellow men.

This experience of freedom had aprofound effect on me, becauseitcon-firmed my belief that an oppressedpeople can be liberated if their leaderspersevere in raising theirconscious-ness and m struggling relentlesslyagainst the oppressor .

Because my trip was so brief andmade under great pressure, therewere many places I was unable to visitand many experiences I had to forgo.Yet there were lessons to be learnedfrom even the most ordinary and com-monplace encounters: a questionasked by a worker, the response of aschoolchild, the attitude of a govern-ment official. These slight and seem-ingly unimportant moments were en-lightening, and they taught me much.For instance, the behavior of the po-lice in China was a revelation tome. They are there to protect and

~

M~n Squ4~e, Ch~n4, w~th ELAINE

help the people, not to oppress them.Their courtesy was genuine; nodivision or suspicion exists betweenthem and the citizens.

This impressed me 80 much thatwhen I returned to the United Statesand was met by the Tactical Squadat the San Francisco airport (theyhad been called out because nearly athousand people came to the airportto welcome us back), it was broughthOnle to me allover again that thepolice in our country are an occupy-ing, repressive force. 1 pointed thisout to a customs officer in San Fran-cisco, a Black man, who was armed,explaining to him that 1 felt intimi-dated seeing all the guns arourxJ. Ihad just left a country, I told ~im,where the army and the police areI1ot in opposition to the people but

are their servants.RECEIVED INVITATION

I received the invitation to visitChina shortly after my release fromthe Penal Colony, in August, 1970.The Chinese were interested in theParty's Marxist analysis and wantedto discuss it with us as well as showus the concrete application <,f theoryin their society .I was eager to goand applied for a passport in late1970, which was finally approved a fewmonths later. However, ldidnotmakethe trip at that time because of Bobby'sand Ericka's trial in New Haven.Nonetheless, I wanted to see China

very much, arid when I learned thatP resident Nixon was going to visitthe People's Republic in February,1972, I decided to beat him to it.My wish was to deliver a messageto the government of the People'sRepublic and the Communist Party,which would be delivered to Nixonwhen he made his visit.

CONTINUED NUT W&I

OAKLAND- A BASE OF OPERATION! PART 53

A4 t~~ h~9h-~p~~~t~d d~mon~tAato~~, ~~p~~~~ntin9 th~ Bta~k Pant~~~ Pa~ty, th~ N~w OaklandV~mo~~at~~ O~9an~zin9 Comm~tt~~ and th~ UnLt~d fa~ Wo~k~~~ Un£on ma~~k~d in ~ad~n~~, th~~mpty pa~kin9 tot t~4t~6i~d that, ind~ed, a bOY~Ott 06 Sa6~way wa4 t~uly and~way.

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surprise to those who had been following this swiftly -movinchain of events. Two weeks prior, on July 6th, Elaine anBrother Bobby Seale announced that they had just completehand-delivering letters to the managers of six Safeway storein Oakland, demanding that they end their sale of non-UF'picked table grapes. The letters stated in part: ' 'Your fail

ure to acceed to this demand will leave us no choice but t

mobilize... the entire Black, Mexican-American and justiceseeking community of this city in a a lX>ycott of Safewastores in Oakland on a scale unprecedented in California.'This past Wednesday, July 1 Bth, Safeway received a finsultimatum, this one with a 24-hour deadline. Again, Safeway refused to concede to the demand; one official statinthey would, "... accept whatever grapes they could get the!hands on".

Concerning the possible duration of the lX>ycott as we]as its outcome, Elaine said, referring to the highly successful six and one-half month lX>ycott of Bill Boyette's LiquoStores "We have been known to be very lasting in terms cour ability to walk picket lines and to have the strengtto support what we say and support our convictions. So, 1we have to be out here for the next year, we'll be out here.'Mentioning that they intended to extend this lX>ycott to sleast five other Safeway locations, Ms. Brown frankly state<.'That will be accomplished as we build up momentum. Whave a strategy in mind. People have to have a strategwhen we're put upon by the strategy of guns and terror ...'

The' .strategy of guns and terror' , to which Elaine referre

"It's a natural alliance of poor people and people that un-derstand that everyone has a right to live."

With these words, Ms. Elaine Brown announced, on FridayJuly 20th, an all-out lx>ycott of Safeway supermarkets in thecity of Oakland. In the background, three separate groups ofhigh-spirited demonstrators representing the Black P antherParty, the New Oakland Democratic Organizing Committeeand the United FarmWorkers Union, marched in a cadencecommon to all poor an oppressed people throughout this coun-try: "Heyl Hey I I feel all r-ight.Boycottl"

Standing on the corner 0{ 27th and West Streets, in theheart of West Oakland's Black commu&ity, MB. Brown talkedwith the press, clarifying the issues as she went along., 'This is the first store that we are lx>ycotting in support

of the United Farmworkers (UFW) struggle for their rightsto organize a union and to receive decent and fair wages.Members of the UFW have been put upon by members of theTeamsters Union. Various thugs and gangsters have beenbeating people, beating families... and trying to deny themtheir legitimate rights.

"This is a very serious struggle and we intend to stayhere at thi~ Safeway store so Safeway can receive the samekind of economic strain they have put upon the farmworkersby accepting grapes from other unions and from non-unionpeople." The nearly empty parking lot behind her testifiedto the fact that, indeed, a boycott of Safeway stores was true-

ly underway.The initiation of the boycott and picketing came as no

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1s, 1n fact, 1mplemented dally by the Teamster-grower-Safeway alllance. Two weeks ago, 1f an effort to legally com-bat the vicious repress1on they are fac1ng 1n the fields, theUFW filed su1ts against the Teamsters Union and 27 grapegrowers, seeking more than $50 million in damages ar1singfrom Coachella Valley violence. It was in Coachella Valleythis past Aprll that the corrupt Teamsters Union s1gned theirnow infamous "sweetheart contracts" (CesarChavez, Exe-cutive D1rector of UFW, wryly calls them "marriagecerti-ficates") with the table grape growers in this fertile region.This illegal action not only dentes the m1grantfarmworkerstrue representation by the union of their cho1ce, but it alsosets the stage for the Teamster-instigated violence whichhas rocked the grape fields ever since. Armed with pipes,sticks, brass knuckles, chains, as well as shotguns andother assorted weaponry, racist Teamster goons --paid$50 per day --have been witnessed attacking innocent farm-workers whom they suspect sympathize with the UFW, aswell as brutally beating UFW members and picketers.

The UFW's struggle has not stopped there. In the Fres-no/Kern County reg1ons, a seemingly unconstituional courtrestr1ction has severely 11m1ted UFW picketing and str1ke-organizing tactics. Several months ago, Superior CourtJudge John M. Naivri ordered that noUFW-p1cketers couldstand or walk closer than 100 feet from each other and thatthe p1cketers could come no closer than 60 feet from theentrance to the fields. The use of bullhorns, essentialto commun1cations in the fields, was also proh1b1ted.(Seemingly, this last restr1ct1on appl1ed to the UFW only,for the Teamsters, as Elaine mentioned, have taken greatjoys in singing' 'Bye Bye, Blackb1rd" through bullhornsto the striking UFW members.)

Recently, to combat th1s illegal and repressive court in-junction, the UFW has adopted the pol1cy of mass1ve c1vlld1sobed1ence. Maintaining the1r self-afflrmed non-violentpostUre, more than 1,500 farmworkers have chosen to bearrested in order to challange the courts. Th1s same tacticproved successful in Coachella Valley earlier th1s year andjust last week, a Super1or Court judge in Bakersf1eld ind1-cated that he 1s inclined to agree with the case presented by

UFW lawyers.

The pi~~~~n9 demOn4~ato44 ma4~ked to a ~aden~~~ommon to aU Opp4e.4'4ed people:"BOYCOTT."

Meanwhile, in a closely associated but definitely distinctissue, both Bobby Seale and Elaine Brown spoke at a univer-sity of California at Berkeley campus rally and announcedtheir support of a boycott of Gallo wines. On June 27th,Robert Gallo, owner of the world's biggest winery and re-portedly making between $35 to $40 mUlion annually, end-ed six years of UFW contracts and signed new, longterm.'sweetheart contracts" with the Teamsters. At that ral-ly Bobby Seale drew a thunderous ovation when he re-marked:

.'We have to relate humanistically to the fact thatwe're tired of exploitation in this society. We have to re-late humanistically when people decide to get themselvestogether in order to stop being exploited; in order to stopthe slave labor, the cheap labor. When people say thcywant decent wages, when they say the want certain fringebenefits, certain health benefits, it is their constituionalright to protest exploitation... I ask you to unite with usand strike against these capitalists and support the UFW.Boycott Gallo wines I Boycott grapes I Boycott Safeway I' .

It was perhaps a comment made by MB. Brown whiclljbest sums up the current situation and puts the entire is-sue in proper perspective. Speaking again to the press,that Friday morning when the boycott was initiated, Elainesaid, .'... We're boycotting Safeway, not just grapes alone.Safeway says that they don't care who picks their grape~o~ where they get their grap,es from. In oth( words, the}'don't care that eight people in a family ar' living on $I~ia week, they don't care about people bei shot in thefields. AB a matter of fact, we believe t Safeway i&part of the violent activities because they ha' n't shown inany way that they want to stop those activiti~:,.. In the fi-nal analysis, people are powerful and there a. more peo-pie in support of the farmworkers than are 1.1 support ofexploitation..." And, as Elaine continued r;'~ backboneof the boycott, the picketing demonstrators, uddenly be-gan to chant as they marched, .'1 don't mow, but I'vebeen told, Safeway stores have got t( be closed- Am I rightor wrong? Right on. Am I right or wrong? Right on."

BOYCOTT SAFEWAY.

MS. ELAINE BROWN: "Pe.opte. 4l1.e. pOWe.JI.6ut 4nd .th.e.JI.e.

4l1.e. mol1.e. people. in 4UpPOl1..t 06 .th.~ 64l1.m Wol1.~e.lI.4

.th4n 4l1.e. in 4UppOl1..t 06 ~xptoi.t4.tion."