ponencia de grupo faro en chatham house
TRANSCRIPT
Sigrid Vásconez Davidsson
London, January, 28th, 2011
Independence
Transparency
Public policy
Social Change
Critical issues in Ecuador’s forest sector and implications for the National REDD+ strategy
www.grupofaro.org
General Context
Population: 14,2 millionArea: 256,370 km2Urban population: 66%
2009: GDP 57,2 million USD USD 3.970 GNI per capita
2009: Poverty: 45,5%Rural Poverty: 74,9%
Sources: http://data.worldbank.org/country/ecuador. www.inec.gov.ec . Ministry of Environment 2010
Context
Source Ecociencia 2010
2009 est.: 9,15 million ha of forests
Amongst highest rates deforestation in Latin America: 1.7- 2.4 annual loss
Main drivers: • Land use change
(agriculture)• Unsustainable and illegal
logging, • Extractive industries (oil
and mining) expansion• Roads and infrastructure
Source: National Development Plan 2007-2010
Conflicting grounds: Forest and REDD+ policy
Private sector
Civil Society: indigenous peoples, local communities and individual landowners
Public institutions
65% forest lands ownership and tenure rights (mainly IPs)
2008 Constitution Art. 74 Env Services as State function
Public Sphere
Non Public
Public governmental
Public non governmental
Sustainable Management
of Forests
Reforestation and Afforestation
Control System
Incentive System
Information System
DBL
FEI
Forest Statistics
SAF
Forest Control
SFM
SFM
SOCIOBOSQUE
Land titling and forest tenure
Legal Framework ReformsFinancial Sustainability
Forest Governance
National Forest Administration and Control System
Native Forest Forest Plantations
Forest Management: Plans and programs
Forest Logging: Licenses
Transportation: Licenses
Ministry of Environment
(MAE)
Sources: ECOBONA, 2010. Palacios, 2008
Forest Regents
Forest Statistics (SAF)
Ecuador´s forest sector: critical issues
Lack of comprehensive economic incentives for sustainable forest management (Sociobosque is incipient)
Forests value chain extremely inequitable (300% price increase in industrialization phase)
Oligopoly composition of the market: 92% commercialization in hands of 5 companies
Domestic timber market is distorted: 50-75% of National timber supply is illegal and/or of informal origin
Ministry of Environment (MAE) designs, implements, evaluates and controls
Policy contradictions influence low value of forest
No baseline information: No forest inventory, lack of Nat Land Use plan
No independent, third party oversight
Forest Statistics not related to concrete territories and not publicly available
Conflicts: REDD+ mechanisms
versus evolving Env Serv policy
Regulatory framework In the market
Our contribution
Transparency in Ecuador´s Forest
Sector
Transparency and Public Access of
forest information
Improve forest governance
Strengthening CSOs and coalitions
