ponds and dams in the pedernales river basin john middleton ce 394k.2 may 2005
TRANSCRIPT
Ponds and Damsin thePedernales River Basin
John MiddletonCE 394K.2May 2005
Project Goal
Develop a simple water balance model to predict water levels in various storage structures. Simple to use Data readily available Works
Challenges How to calibrate
Motivation
Ponds and dams on family property
Roy Bedichek’s idea of “little waters” as habitats
Approach
Analyze a progression of storage systems Cistern Tank Dam on intermittent
creek Dam on river
Pedernales Watershed
Pedernales River Basin: 1294 mi²
You Are Here
Upper Fall Creek
Tools and Data
Tools ArcGIS
Watershed areas Landcover estimates
Mathcad Infiltration model
Excel Water balance
calculations
Data Precipitation
NCDC, TWDB
Evaporation TWDB
Wells TWDB
Flow USGS
Miscellaneous – LCRA pubs, textbooks, Dad
Plan A
Develop a monthly water balance in Excel Infiltration – Mathcad Green-Ampt 2-layer
model Runoff estimates using SCS curve Estimate demand based on published
livestock consumption numbers Assume storage volumes have uniform depth
and vertical sides
Water Balance
Cistern P - E - D
Earthen Tank P - E - I - D + R
Dam on Creek P - E - I - D + R + B
P = Precipitation E = Evaporation D = Demand I = Infiltration R = Runoff B = Base Flow In
Plan B
Use daily rain data
1st Approach used mean monthly data Problems with SCS model – single rain value
not representative of the rain distribution
Tank Catchment
Drainage: 235 acres
Tank depth: 8ft Tank area: 1000
ft2
Google Maps is Cool
Spreadsheet Model
Cistern/Tank Model
Spicewood Cistern/Tank 2000 - 2002
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jan-
2000
Apr-2
000
Jul-2
000
Oct-20
00
Jan-
2001
Apr-2
001
Jul-2
001
Oct-20
01
Jan-
2002
Apr-2
002
Jul-2
002
Oct-20
02
Sta
ge
(ft)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Pre
cip
itat
ion
(in
)
Precipitation
Cistern
Cistern with demand
Earthen tank
Earthen tankwith demand
Drainage: 235 acresDepth: 8ftArea: 1000 ft2
Start Depth: 8ft
Cistern/Tank Model
Spicewood Cistern/Tank 2000 - 2002
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jan-
2000
Apr-2
000
Jul-2
000
Oct-20
00
Jan-
2001
Apr-2
001
Jul-2
001
Oct-20
01
Jan-
2002
Apr-2
002
Jul-2
002
Oct-20
02
Sta
ge
(ft)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Pre
cip
itat
ion
(in
)
Precipitation
Cistern
Cistern with demand
Earthen tank
Earthen tankwith demand
Drainage: 235 acresDepth: 8ftArea: 1000 ft2
Start Depth: 0ft
Cistern/Tank ModelDrainage: 235 acresDepth: 8ftArea: 1000 ft2
Start Depth: 0ft
% of Runoff Detained
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Jan-
2000
Apr-2
000
Jul-2
000
Oct-20
00
Jan-
2001
Apr-2
001
Jul-2
001
Oct-20
01
Jan-
2002
Apr-2
002
Jul-2
002
Oct-20
02
Pre
cip
itat
ion
(in
)
0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
% D
etai
ned Precipitation
% Detained
% full
Upper Fall Creek
Dam Catchment Drainage: 3852 acres Depth: 6ft Tank area: 23,774 ft2
Dam Model
Spicewood Lower Dam 2000 - 2002
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
Jan-
2000
Apr-2
000
Jul-2
000
Oct-20
00
Jan-
2001
Apr-2
001
Jul-2
001
Oct-20
01
Jan-
2002
Apr-2
002
Jul-2
002
Oct-20
02
Vo
lum
e (f
t3)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Pre
cip
itat
ion
(in
)
Precipitation
Cistern
Cistern with demand
Dam
Dam with Demand
Drainage: 3582 acresDepth: 6ftArea: 23,774 ft2
Start Depth: 6ft
Conclusions
Cistern/Tank model appears reasonable Dam model
Difficult to calibrate Creek baseflow not known Runoff/infiltration model may be overly
simplistic Excel is good, but I’m tired of it
Model Improvements
Infiltration model – convert to VB routine SCS method needs daily data Spring flow estimates Shape of storage structure NARR for evaporation Doppler for rainfall Improved runoff method
Questions?
Pedernales Basin
Tank ModelP = Precipitation
Input Parameters E = EvaporationStorage Area Demand D = Demand
Area 1000 ft2 Number Horses 10 I = Infiltration 262500 m2Depth 8 ft Total demand 402 gal/mon R = Runoff 2824500
Volume 8000 ft3
Starting Depth 0 ft Infiltration 12 in/mon
Drainage area 1.02E+07 ft2 235.13 acres
CisternCistern with demand Earthen tank
Earthen tankwith demand Dam
Dam with Demand
PPrecipitation
(in)
EEvaporation
(in)
IInfiltration
(in)
DDemand
(ft3)
RRunoff
(in)
BBaseflow
ft3
RRunoff
(ft3) P-E (in)P-E Level
(ft)P-E-D Level
(ft)P-E-I+R Level
(ft)
P-E-I+R-D Level
(ft)
P-E-I+R+B Level
(ft)
P-E-I+R-D+B Level
(ft)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Jan-2000 1.27 3.98 12 402.00 0 0 0 -2.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Feb-2000 1.75 4.03 12 402.00 0 0 0 -2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Mar-2000 2.55 4.73 12 402.00 0.07945739 0 67,691 -2.18 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Apr-2000 1.97 5.52 12 402.00 0 0 0 -3.55 0.00 0.00 6.70 6.30 6.70 6.30
May-2000 3.75 7.36 12 402.00 0.306640388 0 261,233 -3.61 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Jun-2000 3.71 8.82 12 402.00 0.059153155 0 50,394 -5.11 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Jul-2000 0.28 10.31 12 402.00 0 0 0 -10.03 0.00 0.00 6.16 5.76 6.16 5.76
Aug-2000 0.83 9.98 12 402.00 0 0 0 -9.15 0.00 0.00 4.40 3.60 4.40 3.60Sep-2000 1.14 7.05 12 402.00 0 0 0 -5.91 0.00 0.00 2.91 1.70 2.91 1.70Oct-2000 2.86 4.49 12 402.00 0 0 0 -1.63 0.00 0.00 1.77 0.17 1.77 0.17Nov-2000 7.58 4.67 12 402.00 0.76820835 0 654,452 2.91 0.24 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Dec-2000 1.55 2.52 12 402.00 0.000360092 0 307 -0.97 0.16 0.00 7.23 6.82 7.23 6.82Jan-2001 3.3 2.49 12 402.00 0.04333872 0 36,921 0.81 0.23 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Feb-2001 1.51 2.01 12 402.00 0.005800189 0 4,941 -0.5 0.19 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Mar-2001 7.32 2.82 12 402.00 1.215378081 0 1,035,404 4.5 0.56 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Apr-2001 2.71 3.61 12 402.00 0.130569521 0 111,235 -0.9 0.49 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
May-2001 4.14 5.88 12 402.00 0.059607979 0 50,781 -1.74 0.34 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Jun-2001 1.05 7.21 12 402.00 0 0 0 -6.16 0.00 0.00 6.49 6.08 6.49 6.08Jul-2001 0.75 7.92 12 402.00 0 0 0 -7.17 0.00 0.00 4.89 4.09 4.89 4.09
Aug-2001 3.33 8.52 12 402.00 0.002758885 0 2,350 -5.19 0.00 0.00 5.81 4.60 5.81 4.60Sep-2001 2.27 5.2 12 402.00 0 0 0 -2.93 0.00 0.00 4.56 2.95 4.56 2.95Oct-2001 4.27 3.96 12 402.00 0.593879432 0 505,937 0.31 0.03 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Nov-2001 11.79 2.3 12 402.00 5.133433154 0 4,373,271 9.49 0.82 0.39 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Dec-2001 1.91 1.88 12 402.00 0 0 0 0.03 0.82 0.00 7.00 6.60 7.00 6.60Jan-2002 0.89 1.91 12 402.00 0 0 0 -1.02 0.73 0.00 5.92 5.11 5.92 5.11Feb-2002 0.77 2.53 12 402.00 0 0 0 -1.76 0.59 0.00 4.77 3.56 4.77 3.56Mar-2002 1.29 3.04 12 402.00 0 0 0 -1.75 0.44 0.00 3.63 2.02 3.63 2.02Apr-2002 0.45 5.08 12 402.00 0 0 0 -4.63 0.06 0.00 2.24 0.23 2.24 0.23
May-2002 1.8 4.96 12 402.00 0.072393497 0 61,673 -3.16 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Jun-2002 4.91 7.55 12 402.00 0.830267276 0 707,321 -2.64 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Jul-2002 9.91 5.52 12 402.00 1.709034674 0 1,455,960 4.39 0.37 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
Aug-2002 0.87 6.21 12 402.00 0 0 0 -5.34 0.00 0.00 6.56 6.15 6.56 6.15Sep-2002 3.17 6.13 12 402.00 0.302487326 0 257,695 -2.96 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Oct-2002 6.44 4.51 12 402.00 0.239539602 0 204,068 1.93 0.16 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Nov-2002 2.91 3.95 12 402.00 0.051287948 0 43,693 -1.04 0.07 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Dec-2002 4.5 3.44 12 402.00 0.194187525 0 165,432 1.06 0.16 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
mon avg 37.17 60.70 144 4824 3.93
CisternCistern with demand Earthen tank
Earthen tankwith demand
Earthen tankwith demand Dam
Dam with Demand
Earthen tankwith demand
Spicewood Cistern/Tank 2000 - 2002
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jan-
2000
Apr-2
000
Jul-2
000
Oct-20
00
Jan-
2001
Apr-2
001
Jul-2
001
Oct-20
01
Jan-
2002
Apr-2
002
Jul-2
002
Oct-20
02
Sta
ge
(ft)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Pre
cip
itat
ion
(in
)
Precipitation
Cistern
Cistern with demand
Earthen tank
Earthen tankwith demand
Runoff and Spill Flows
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Jan-
2000
Apr-2
000
Jul-2
000
Oct-20
00
Jan-
2001
Apr-2
001
Jul-2
001
Oct-20
01
Jan-
2002
Apr-2
002
Jul-2
002
Oct-20
02
Pre
cip
itat
ion
(in
)
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
4,500,000
5,000,000
Flo
w (
cfs) Precipitation
Spill cfs
Runoff
Drainage: 235 acresDepth: 8ftArea: 1000 ft2
Start Depth: 0ftCistern/Tank Model