POLYMER TECHNOLOGYTKK 2134Instructor : Dr. Rois Fatoni

Chemical Engineering UMS1InformationClass : InternationalLocation : F II.5ScheduleThursdays 10:20 12:00 AMEmail: rois.fatoni@ums.ac.id

Resource(s)/Book(s)Polymer Science and Technology (Robert O. Ebelwele)Pslc.ws/macrog/Hand-out materials

Beginning course details and/or books/materials needed for a class/project.2ScheduleClass/WeekTopicReadingAssignment 1Introdction Chapter 1Task 12 - 3Polymerization Mechanisms Chapter 24Polymer Bonding and StructureChapter 3Task 25Polymer ModificationChapter 56Condensation PolymerizationChapter 6Task 37Chain Reaction PolymerizationChapter 78Polymer Additives and ReinforcementChapter 9Task 49Polymer Reaction EngineeringChapter 1010Unit Operatins in Polymer ProcessingChapter 11Task 511-12Mechanical Properties of PolymersChapter 1313-14Polymer Properties and ApplicationsChapter 15Task 6A schedule design for optional periods of time/objectives. 3Objectives and ResultsObjectivesTo Understand basic principles and fundamentals of polymeric materials.To Understand polymer preparation and processing methods.To Understand various polymer properties and applications.ResultsStudents Know how to select certain polymers for specified applicationStudents are able to characterize polymeric materials.Skills developedTechnical Skills : Polymer Characterization Personal Skills : team work and presentation skills.

Objectives for instruction and expected results and/or skills developed from learning. 4Marking SchemeTasks : 30%Mid-term Exam : 30%Final Exam : 30%Attendance : 10%Example graph/chart.5Chapter 1 IntroductionCellulose Nitrate (1864)The need for ivory substitutes for billiards ball.Cotton + Nitric acid (with camphor) => cellulose nitrateInvented by John Wesley HyattPhenol-formaldehyde (phenolics) palstics (1909)The first truly man-made plasticsInvented by Leo Hendrick BaekelandThe Structure of PolymerHerman Straudinger : Macromolucule of polyoxymethyleneW.T. Carothers : Nylon and polymer classification

Example graph/chart.6Timeline of polymers

Timeline of polymers

Timeline of polymers

Basic concepts and definitionsPoly = many; mere = partsStyrene has double bonds which opened up to combine with other styrene molecules to create polymer chainn = degree of polymerizations; indicates the size of polymer chainThe residue/part of monomer that become the repeating unit of polymer is called the structural unit

Basic concepts and definitionsThe structural unit of polystyrene is styrene.In nylon 6, 6 the structural unit is a combination of residue of hexamethylenediamine

and residue of adipic acid.

Basic concepts and definitionsPolymer: High molecular weight molecule made up of a small repeat unit (monomer).A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-AMonomer: Low molecular weight compound that can be connected together to give a poymerOligomer: Short polymer chainCopolymer: polymer made up of 2 or more monomersRandom copolymer: A-B-B-A-A-B-A-B-A-B-B-B-A-A-BAlternating copolymer: A-B-A-B-A-B-A-B-A-B-A-B-A-BBlock copolymer: A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-B-B-B-B-B-B-B-BExample graph/chart.12Basic concepts and definitionThe number of repeating units (n) is called degree of polymerizationMW (polymer) = DP x MW(monomer)Polystyrene with DP=7 is a viscous polystyrenePolysterene with DP =1000 is a solid polystyreneMW(polymer) has profound effect of polymer propertiesMolecular Weight of Polymer

Polydispersity Index of PolymerPDI = 1 => the polymer sample consists of polymer chains that has same DP.The larger the PDI, the broader the MW distribution.

Polydispersity Index of Polymer

Types of PolymersPolymer ClassificationsThermoset: cross-linked polymer that cannot be melted (tires, rubber bands)Thermoplastic: Meltable plasticElastomers: Polymers that stretch and then return to their original form: often thermoset polymersThermoplastic elastomers: Elastic polymers that can be melted (soles of tennis shoes)Polymer FamiliesPolyolefins: made from olefin (alkene) monomersPolyesters, Amides, Urethanes, etc.: monomers linked by ester, amide, urethane or other functional groupsNatural Polymers: Polysaccharides, DNA, proteinsExample graph/chart.17Common Polyolefins

Example graph/chart.18Polyesters, Amides, and Urethanes

Natural Polymer

Classification of PolymerNatural vs Synthetic (previous slides)Polymer StructureLinear, branched, or cross-linked

Functionality of monomersFunctionality : Inter-linking capacity of moleculeThe number of sites molecule has available for bonding with other molecules under the specific conditions for polymerizationExample of monofunctional molecules

FunctionalityExample of bifunctional molecules

Example of polyfunctional molecules

Functionality vs Polymer structureMonofunctional => no polymerizationBifunctional => linear polymerPolystyrene (2), Polypropylene (21), polyacrylonitrile (22), polymethylmetacrylate(23), polyvinyl chloride(24)

Functionality vs polymer structurePolyfunctional => branched, cross-linked, or ladder polymer

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