polymer-in-our-life (1).pptx
TRANSCRIPT
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Polymer In Our Life A polymer is a large molecule or macromolecule composed of
many repeated subunits. Because of their broad range of
properties, both synthetic and natural polymers play an essential
and ubiquitous role in everyday life. Polymers range from familiar
synthetic plastics such as polystyrene to natural biopolymers such
as DA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structureand function. Polymers have both natural and synthetic, are
created via polymeri!ation of many small molecules, "no#n as
monomers. $heir consequently large molecular mass relative
to small molecule compounds produces unique physical
properties, including toughness, viscoelasticity, and a tendency to
form glasses and semicrystalline structures rather than crystals.
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Appearance of real linear polymer chains as recorded using an atomic force
microscope on a surface, under liquid medium. %hain contour length for this
polymer is &'() nm* thic"ness is &(.) nm.
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$#o $ypes Of Polymers
• Polymers are of t#o types+
• atural polymeric materials such
as shellac, amber, #ool, sil" and natural rubber have been used
for centuries. A variety of other natural polymers eist, such
as cellulose, #hich is the main constituent of #ood and paper.
• $he list of synthetic polymers includes synthetic
rubber, phenol formaldehyde resin
-or Ba"elite, neoprene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride -P/% or
vinyl, polystyrene,polyethylene, polypropylene , polyacryloni
trile, P/B, silicone, and many more.
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Polymer 0iber
• 0iber is a natural or synthetic string or used as a component of
composite materials or #hen matted into sheets, used to ma"e
products such as paper, papyrus, or felt.
• 0ibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials.
$he strongest engineering materials often incorporate fibers,
for eample carbon fiber and ultra1high1molecular1#eight
polyethylene.
• 2ynthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in
large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothingnatural fibers can give some benefits, such as comfort, over
their synthetic counterparts.
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atural 0ibers
• %otton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that gro#s in a boll or
protective capsule around the seeds of cotton plants of the
genus 3ossypium in the family of 4alvaceae.
• $he fiber is almost pure cellulose.
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• Wool is the tetile fiber obtained from sheep
and certain other animals, including cashmere
from goats, mohair from goats, qiviut frommus"oen, angora from rabbits, and other
types of wool from camelids.
5ool 6ust before processing.
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CASHMERE
MOHAIR GOAT
ANGORA RABBIT
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• Silk is an animal protein fiber produced by
certain insects to build their cocoons and
#ebs. 4any different types of silk are produced by a huge variety of different types
of insects other than moth caterpillars.
2il" sari #eaving 2il" sari
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• Nylon fibers are one of the fibers having the
longest history among synthetic fibers. $hey areused for a variety of uses from clothing to home
furnishings and industrial uses. In nylon fibers,
there are many types depending on the ra#
materials.
•
Nylon
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• Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers made from a
polymer -polyacrylonitrile #ith an averagemolecular #eight of &7((,(((, about 78(( monomer
units. $o be called acrylic in the 9.2, the polymer
must contain at least :;< acrylonitrile monomer.
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EXPERIMENT IS DOING!!!
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$etile 0ibers Burning $est
• atural 0ibers
%otton
-atural cellulosic fiber
- Burns, doesn=t melt.
- 2mells li"e burrning paper or #ood.
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>esidue + 0ine gray ash.
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5ool
atural protein fiber.• Burns, doesn=t melt.
• 2trongly smells of burning hair or feathers.
•
2tops burning #hen removed from fire.• >esidue + Blac" hollo# bead that can be
crushed to blac" po#der.
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2il"
atural protein fiber.• Burns, doesn=t melt.
• 2mells of burning hair of feathers + odoris not
as strong as #ith #ool -sil" doesn=t containsulphur.
• 2tops burning #hen removed from fire.
• >esidue + Blac" hollo# bead that can becrushed to blac" po#der.
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ylon
• 2hrin"s from heat, melts, can burn.
• 2mells a bit li"e celery.
• >esidue + ?ard cream or blac" coloured bead that
cannot be crushed.
Acryclic• 2hrin"s from heat, melts and burns.
• 2potters #hen burning.
•
Acrid smell.• >esidue + ?ard blac" bead that can be partially
crushed
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