poly pharmacological effects of green blood...
TRANSCRIPT
Manoj et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
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POLY PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF GREEN BLOOD THERAPY: AN UPDATE
Rimple
1, Manoj Kumar Katual
1*, Rajesh Kumar
1, Amj Newton
1, Reeta
1, S.L.Harikumar
2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Education City, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India.
2University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rayat-Bahra University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Article Received on 01/11/2015 Article Revised on 23/11/2015 Article Accepted on 16/12/2015
1. INTRODUCTION
Wheat grass is Shoot of Triticum aestivum Linn. (Hindi
Name- gehun, kanak, Sanskrit name- godhuma) is called
as a wheat grass, belonging to family: Gramineae.
Triticum is a genus of annual and biennial grasses,
yielding various types of wheat, native to south west
Asia. Common or bread wheat, is widely cultivated
almost all over the world. Generally, 15-20 species are
recognized, of which 8 have been reported to occur in
India. Wheat grass is a good source of mineral nutrients.
It contains significant amount of iron, phosphorus,
magnesium, manganese, copper & zinc. Wheatgrass is a
rich source of tocopherols with high vitamin E potency.
Wheatgrass stimulates metabolism, restores alkalinity to
the blood, its abundance of alkaline minerals helps
reduce over acidity in the blood. Wheatgrass is also a
detoxificant and helps restore healthy cells. Wheat grass,
young grass of common wheat plant, is freshly juiced or
dried into powder for animal and human consumption-
both the forms provide chlorophyll, amino acid,
minerals, vitamins and enzymes. The consumption of
wheatgrass in the Western world began in the 1930s as a
result of experiments conducted by Charles. Schnabel, a
food scientist who experimented with various mixtures
of grain and feed and found that chickens fed on
mixtures that contained a high proportion of wheat grass
had grown better, were healthier. Further
experimentation on other animals yielded the same
results. Animals fed on wheatgrass were undoubtedly
healthier than those fed on other grains.[1]
1.1 Historical Background
Wheat Grass Juice (WGJ) is an extract squeezed from
the mature sprouts of wheat seeds (T. aestivum). The use
of WGJ for therapeutic purposes was developed and
popularized by Dr. Ann Wigmore, as part of herb
therapeutic nutritional approach. The therapeutic
qualities of WGJ have been attributed to its nutritional
content, including chlorophyll, vitamins (A, C, E)
Bioflavonoid, Iron, minerals (calcium and magnesium)
wjpmr, 2016,2(1), 10-21
Review Article
ISSN 2455-3301
WJPMR
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL
AND MEDICAL RESEARCH www.wjpmr.com
*Correspondence for Author: Manoj Kumar Katual
Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India.
Mail ID: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Green Blood Therapy is the use of Wheat Grass Juice (WGJ) to cure multiple diseases. Wheat grass is called as the
green blood. Therefore wheat grass like all green plants, due to a high content of chlorophyll is high in oxygen too.
The brain and all body tissues function at optimal levels only in a highly-oxygenated environment. It’s the
chlorophyll, most wheatgrass advocates claim, that detoxifies the body, strengthens immunity and improves the
micro-flora ecology of the digestive tract. The benefits of chlorophyll known till date are numerous like the basis
of all plant life, is a blood builder, oxygenates the blood, is anti bacterial in nature, has healing properties,
neutralizes toxins in the body, Is alkalinizing in nature, improves blood sugar problems .Chlorophyll also called as
concentrated sun power positively impacts the function of the heart, the vascular system, the intestines, the uterus
and the lungs. Nature uses chlorophyll in wheatgrass as a body cleanser, re-builder and neutralizer of toxins. The
pH value of human blood and Wheatgrass both is about 7 (alkaline) and wheat grass is therefore quickly absorbed
in the blood and is highly beneficial. Most wonder effects exerted by wheat grass can mainly be attributed to the
benefits of chlorophyll. Despite the above postulated benefits of chlorophyll, some researchers present a slightly
different school of thought. Chlorophyll being the ultimate compound behind the healing properties of wheat grass.
Although chlorophyll is essential for keeping us all breathing, it has little if any physiological or positive effect on
human health. The benefits of wheatgrass are largely biological (cancer prevention, detoxification and healing), not
nutritional as most purveyors of wheatgrass in its various forms would have one believe. Irrespective of two
different findings, whether it’s the chlorophyll or the wheat grass, consuming the juice daily still remains the wisest
choice for preserving health. With all the extensive research and experiences shared by health experts wheat grass
undoubtedly is a super food.
KEYWORDS: Concentrated sun power, Chlorophyll, Natural Cancer preventive, Polypharmacology, Super food,
Wheat grass juice.
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and 17 amino acid, eight of which are essential.
Although proponents of WGJ have recommended it for
four decades as a treatment for various diseases, yet very
little clinical data exists to support its use. In order to
develop holistic approach for the treatment of chronic
diseases, for which modern medical system has no
permanent cure, scientists and clinicians world over are
now a day’s conducting extensive studies on animal
models and also on human systems in order to develop
herbal medicines/ dietary supplements as alternative or
complimentary therapy with almost no side effects or
adverse reactions for the treatment of chronic diseases.
Towards this attempt, few studies have been conducted
to evaluate the efficacy of wheat grass (inform of powder
or juice) in the treatment of chronic diseases like cancer,
rheumatoid arthritis, ulcer etc. Organic wheat grass in
powder form, which is being clinically, investigated in
various diseases Conditions and its beneficial effects
have been observed. In the prevention and treatment of
ailments for better understanding of therapeutic potential
of this medicinal grass.[2]
The major Indian source of wheat grass is Triticum
aestivum. Other varieties of wheat grass in various plant
genera found in temperate region of Europe and United
States are Aropyron spicatum (blue bunch wheat grass),
Agropyron critatum (Crested Wheatgrass), Agropyron
trachhycaulum (slender wheat grass), Elytrigia,
Eremopyrum, Pascopyrum.
Wheatgrass juice provides with more energy by fulfilling
nutritional deficiencies and by removing. Wheat Grass
refers to the young grass of the common wheat plant. It
provides chlorophyll, amino acids, minerals, Vitamins
and enzymes. Wheat grass is a humble weed that is a
powerhouse of nutrients and vitamins for the human
body. In the form of fresh juice, it has high
concentrations of chlorophyll, active enzymes, Vitamins
and other nutrients although the wonder benefits of
wheat grass are being discovered only now in India, they
have been known in the West for years. Wheat grass
juice has chlorophyll that neutralizes infections, heals
wounds, overcomes inflammations and gets rid of
parasitic infections the three most important effects of
wheat grass on the human body are: blood purification,
liver detoxification and colon cleansing. This is because
wheatgrass juice is the richest source of vitamins A, B,
C, E and K, calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium,
sodium, sulphur and 17 forms of amino acids.
1.1.1. Green Blood Therapy Green Blood Therapy is the use of wheat grass juice
which has also been called the green blood. The wheat
grass juice contains all the nutrients the body requires
and is considered a complete food.
1.1.2. Green Blood Therapy: Treatment for multiple
physiological Disorders.
Wheat grass therapy is recommended for patients
suffering from chronic diseases like Asthma,
Atherosclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Joint pains,
Constipation, Hypertension, Diabetes, Insomnia,
Bronchitis, Sterility, Haemorrhage, Obesity and
Flatulence. It is also useful in the treatment of Cancer.[3]
The treatment of transfusion dependent b-thalassemia
imposes a considerable burden on the family and
institutional resources. In economically challenged
nations, basic management (red cell transfusions, iron
chelation) is a distant dream for the majority, who,
consequently, endure a poor quality of life. In chronic
illnesses, seeking remedy in alternate systems of
medicine is a common practice. After learning of the
potential benefits, some patients started consuming
wheat grass juice, which has been promoted as a
supplementary health food/tonic for many years. At least
3 of these children perceived an increase in the interval
between transfusions with the desired level of
haemoglobin being maintained for a longer period. The
observations were significant and prompted us to
scientifically evaluate the effects of wheatgrass juice
therapy in patients with transfusion dependent b-
thalassemia.[4]
Table.1: Different constituents of wheatgrass occur in
the given proportion in the plant.
Basic Nutrients Minerals Vitamins
Calories :21.0cal
Water:95g
Carbohydrates:2g
Fat:006g
Fibre: <0.1 g
Chlorophyll:42.2mg
Choline:92.4mg
Glucose: 0.80g
Iron:0.61mg
Magnesium:24mg
Potassium : 147mg
Phosphorus:75.2mg
Zinc : 0.33mg
Calcium: 24.2mg
Sodium : 10.3mg
Selenium : <1ppm
Vitamin C:3.64mg
Vitamin A : 427 IU
Vitamin B1: 0.08mg
Vitamin B2 : 0.13mg
Vitamin B3 : 0.11mg
Vitamin B5 : 6.0mg
Vitamin B6 : 0.2mg
Vitamin B12: <1mcg
Vitamin E : 15.2 IU
Folic acid : 29 mcg
Wheatgrass refers to the young grass of the common
wheat plant, Triticum aestivum Linn. Family Poaceae
(Gramineae) which is freshly juiced or dried into powder
both the forms Provide chlorophyll, amino acids,
minerals, vitamins and enzymes. It is also known as
living food and is a superior source of chlorophyll-
appropriately referred to as the green blood. Various
chlorophyll rich greens are being used from variable
sources, since prehistoric times, as blood builders. Thus,
wheatgrass containing about 70% chlorophyll has been
proclaimed to improve blood flow, aid in digestion and
in general detoxification of the body. [5]
Triticum aestivum l. Belonging to family poaceae is
green commonly found herb in India, although its
nativity has been lost today. This plant is believed to be
having manifold pharmacological diversities in addition
to its nutritional value which are yet to be explored.
Work on this plant to find out their usefulness to human
being.
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Fig. 1: Shoot of Wheat grass
Anti-hyperglycaemic, antimicrobial properties of grass
of Triticum aestivum along with its preliminary
phytochemical evaluation Plants belonging to the family
Poaceae are mainly grasses. These grasses are included
in traditional medicine system but yet have to be
explored. Less scientific data is available on the plants
belonging to the family Poaceae. However, few plants
are studied and have proven scientifically. Cynodon
dactylon is having proven anti-diabetic activity. Zea
mays are another popular plant belonging to this family.
Zea mays are multi fascinated drug. It is mainly used in
treatment of urinary tract infections. It is also having
mild anti-bacterial and demulcent activities. Triticum
aestivum L. is also an important plant belonging to this
family. The plant is said to be having anti-cancer
activity, according to traditional system of medicines.
The present plant Triticum aestivum L. is mentioned in
Ayurveda, herbal system of medicine and described as
immune-modulator, antioxidant, astringent, laxative,
diuretic, antibacterial and used in the acidity, colitis,
conditions of Kapha and Pitta. Wheatgrass is believed to
be having property of optimizing blood sugar level. Now
a day, its use as an ant diabetic agent is being
popularized. But, still its scientific proof is not
available.[8]
Preliminary Pharmacognostic Characteristics Macroscopical Description: Wheatgrass is young grass
shoots of wheat berry. In appearance, wheatgrass is like
any other grass. Culms are simple, hollow or pithy,
glabrous, 1.2 m tall. Leaves flat, narrow, 20-38 cm long,
1.3 cm broad. Spikes long, slender, dorsally, compressed,
somewhat flattened; rachis tough, not separating from
spikelet’s; 2-5 flowered, relatively far apart from stem,
slightly overlapping, nearly erect, pressed closed to
rachis; glumes keeled in upper half, firm, glabrous,
shorter than lemmas, awn less, less than 1.3 cm long;
Remaining entire at maturity, Caryopsis free threshing,
Soft or hard, red or white (hexaploid).[6]
Table 2: Physical Characteristics of wheatgrass
(Triticum aestivum L.) juice.
Physical Constants Triticum aestivum L.
Macroscopic Characteristics
Nature
Colour
Odour
Taste
Grass
Bright green/ Dark green
Characteristic
Acrid
Loss on Drying (%w/w) 21.1%
Wheat grass is a nutritional powerhouse, rich in
chlorophyll, antioxidant vitamins, minerals and other
nutrients that support optimal health. Chlorophyll is
often called the green blood of the plants because its
molecular structure is closely mirrors the structure is
closely mirrors the structure of heme molecules the
molecules that deliver oxygen to all parts of the body.
Antioxidant vitamins found in wheat grass, such as
vitamins A (as Beta Carotene), C, and E, help to reduce
oxidation and the damage it may cause. Wheat grass
contains as much magnesium as broccoli, Brussels
sprouts, beets, carrots or celery. Magnesium is important
for good muscle function and bowel health another
nutritional property of wheat grass is its high
concentration of biotin, which is a crystalline form of the
vitamin B-complex, essential for the activity of many
enzyme systems. According to the book Prescription for
Nutritional Healing by James and Phyllis Balch, biotin is
necessary for cell growth, the production of fatty acids,
and the metabolism of fats and amino acids. Biotin also
supports healthy hair, skin, sweat glands, nerve tissue,
and bone marrow.[7]
Haemoglobin
Fig2: Structure of Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll-α[10]
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Available marketed formulations of wheat grass [13]
S.no. Product
1.
Name of product: Satvikk Wheat Grass Powder (50 gm)
Dosage form: Powder (solid)
Therapeutic use: detoxify body a strengthen immune System &highly effective of achieving
weight loss.
2.
Name of product: Planet Ayurveda
Wheat Grass Powder (100 g)
Dosage form: Solid (Powder)
Therapeutic use: Helps control blood sugar level, cholesterol level and prevents constipation
3.
Name of product: Amazing Grass Organic Wheat Grass Tablets 200-Count Bottle.
Dosage form: solid (tablet)
Therapeutic use: Increases and sustains energy naturally.
4.
Name of product: Dr Wheatgrass Super Shots
Dosage form: liquid (juice)
Therapeutic use: Increases and sustains energy naturally
5.
Name of product: Antioxidant Skin Recovery Spray
Dosage form: liquid (spray)
Therapeutic use: Skin recovery and repair Natural moisturizer.
6.
Name of product: Dr Wheatgrass Skin Recovery Cream.
Dosage form: Cream
Therapeutic use: Skin recovery and repair Natural moisturizer
7.
Name of product: Bright core Nutrition Sweet Wheat Freeze Dried Wheat Grass Juice Powder
60 Vegan Capsules.
Dosage form: solid (Capsules) Therapeutic use: energy booster
8.
Name of product: Wheat Grass Powder (100 gm)
Dosage form: solid (powder)
Therapeutic use:
1. Supports maintaining healthy immune system
2. Helps in blood purification.
3. It is considered to be an anti-oxidant
4. Helps boosting energy level.
5. Helps in skin & hair nourishment
9.
Name of product: Bagrry's Wheat Bran Box
Dosage form: solid
Therapeutic use: 1. Maintains digestive health
2. Good source of insoluble fibre.
3. May help in weight management
10.
Name of product: Wheatgrass Powder- Triticum sativum
Dosage form: solid (capsules)
Therapeutic use: improve overall health
11.
Name of product: Herbal Hills Wheat-O-Power
Dosage form: solid (Tablets)
Therapeutic use: building a healthy immune system.
12.
Name of product : Wheatgrass juice
Dosage form: liquid (juice)
Therapeutic use: health tonic
Wheatgrass is rich in chlorophyll α and enzymes. It
contains more than 70% chlorophyll (which is an
important dietary constituent). The chlorophyll molecule
in wheatgrass is almost identical to the haemoglobin in
human blood. The only difference is that the central
element in chlorophyll is magnesium and in haemoglobin
it is iron. The molecular structure of Chlorophyll in
wheatgrass and haemoglobin in the human body is
similar, due to similarity between haemoglobin and
chlorophyll wheatgrass juice is called Green Blood.
Wheat grass therapy is the consumption of a freshly
prepared extract prepared from tender wheat grass
shoots. Wheat grass is one of the best sources of
chlorophyll, although chlorophyll is present in all green
plants.[9]
Oxygen is transported in combination with the iron
molecule of the haeme group (this is an Oxygenation
reaction, not an oxidation). The number and arrangement
of hydrogen, oxygen and Nitrogen molecules are similar.
Magnesium found in the protons of chlorophyll is
essential for about 30 enzymes of our body and for this
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reason; wheat-grass is also called green-blood! The pH
of both is 7.4, which is why wheat-grass is readily
absorbed in the blood. Besides chlorophyll, wheat
grass contains vitamins A, B, C, E, Laetrile-B17,
carbohydrates, proteins, fat and all the minerals essential
for our body. Wheat grass is also a potent germicide.
Wheat grass therapy has been used to cure a variety of
illnesses. It has been used very effectively to cure
anaemia (drop in the percentage of haemoglobin in the
blood). Its germicidal properties have been used to cure
many disorders of the digestive system. Extracts of
Laetrile-B17 have also been used to cure cancer.
Chlorophyll purifies the blood, boosts the functioning of
the heart and has a favourable effect on blood vessels,
intestines, lungs and kidneys. Wheat grass can be
considered to be a complete food and is safe without any
side effects. The best part of wheat grass is that it is
almost free when grown at home.[11]
2. RATIONALE OF THE STUDY
1. Wheatgrass is primarily used as a concentrated
source of nutrients. It contains Vitamin-A Vitamin-
C and Vitamin-E, iron, calcium, magnesium and
amino acids.
2. Wheatgrass is used to treat Multi purposes
conditions, but so far there isn’t enough scientific
evidence to support effectiveness for any of these
uses.
3. Wheatgrass is used for increasing production of
hemoglobin, the chemical in red blood cells that
carries oxygen, improving blood sugar disorders,
such as diabetes, preventing tooth decay, improve
wound healing, preventing bacterial infections.
4. It is also used for removing deposits of drugs, heavy
metals, and cancer-causing agents from the body and
for removing toxins from the liver and blood. Some
people use wheatgrass for preventing gray hair,
reducing high blood pressure, improving digestion,
lowering cholesterol by blocking its absorption.
5. Wheatgrass is also used to treat various disorders of
the urinary tract, including infection of the bladder,
urethra, and prostate; benign prostatic hypertrophy
(BPH);kidney stones; and in irrigation therapy, the
use of a mild diuretic along with lots of fluids to
increase urine flow.
6. Wheatgrass contains a lot of chlorophyll, the
chemical in plants that makes them green and also
allows them to make energy from sunlight through
photosynthesis. Some people think chlorophyll
might fight cancer.
7. In foods and beverages, wheatgrass extracts are used
as a flavouring component.
8. Other uses include treatment of respiratory tract
complaints, including the common cold,
cough, bronchitis, fever and sore throat, tendency
toward infection, gout, liver disorders. Wheatgrass is
used for cancer and arthritis in alternative treatment
programs.
9. A 70-83% increase in red blood cells and
haemoglobin concentration was noted within 10-16
days of regular administration of chlorophyll
derivatives. It was reported that chlorophyll
enhanced the formation of blood cells.
Therapeutic benefits of Wheat Grass Juice.
1) Wheatgrass juice is crude chlorophyll and can be
taken orally and as a colon implant without toxic
side Effects.
2) Wheatgrass is high in oxygen like all green plants
that contain chlorophyll.
3) Chlorophyll is anti-bacterial and can be used inside
and outside the body as a healer.
4) Chlorophyll (wheatgrass) rebuilds the bloodstream.
The red cell count was returned to normal within 4
to 5 days of the administration of chlorophyll.
5) Wheatgrass juice is a superior detoxification agent
compared to carrot juice and other fruits and
vegetables. Study says that 15 pounds of wheatgrass
is the equivalent of 350 pounds of carrot, lettuce,
celery and so forth.
6) Chlorophyll neutralizes toxins in the body.
7) Chlorophyll improves blood sugar problems.
8) In the American Journal of Surgery, 1940, Benjamin
Ruskin M.D. Recommends Chlorophyll for its
antiseptic benefits.
9) A small amount of wheatgrass juice in the human
diet prevents tooth decay.
10) Drink wheatgrass juice for skin problems such as
eczema or psoriasis.
11) Wheatgrass juice keeps the hair from greying.
12) Wheatgrass juice improves digestion.
13) Wheatgrass juice is great for constipation.
14) Chlorophyll is called as 'concentrated sun power'.
Chlorophyll increases the function of the heart,
affects the vascular system, the intestines, the uterus
and the lungs.
15) Chlorophyll (wheatgrass) is a natural body cleanser,
re-builder and neutralizer of toxins.
16) Wheatgrass juice is great for blood disorders of all
kinds.
17) The pH (hydrogen molecules) value of human blood
and Wheatgrass both is about 7 (alkaline) & is
therefore quickly absorbed in the blood and is highly
beneficial.
The Chief Chemical constituents of WGJ: Vitamin A: It enhances the skin luster and provides glow
to the outer skin and makes it disease free. It helps to
cure the black spots and blemishes below the eyes and
improves the eye sight. It is also helpful in checking the
eyes, nose, and throat disorders.
Vitamin B: It aids digestion. It is helpful in the treatment
of digestive disorders, mental, depression, insomnia,
premature aging and anorexia.
Vitamin C: Vitamin C is usually associated with citrus
fruits, such as lemons, limes and oranges. However,
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Ounce for ounce, wheatgrass contains more vitamin C
than an orange. A powerful antioxidant, vitamin C is
Helpful for recovering from sickness (including the
common cold) and preventing disease (such as scurvy it
is a vital substance for healthy gums and teeth and
maintenance of bones. It is essential for health and
vitality and healing of sores and wounds. It is also a
natural source for antibiotic elements
Vitamin E: It dilates the capillaries and enables free flow
of the blood. It is helpful for the women during
Pregnancy; it prevents abortion, diabetes, cancer, heart
disorders and dysmenorrhoeal etc. Without enough of
this fat soluble vitamin, it may leads to muscle
degeneration, sterility, and slower healing of wounds and
infections. Vitamin E, an antioxidant and fertility vitamin
is also a protector of the heart.
Vitamin K and B-complex vitamins: Wheatgrass contain
a number of other important vitamins. It's rich in vitamin
E, vitamin K and B-complex vitamins. Wheatgrass is
also a source of vitamin B-17, also known as
amygdaline, which some studies suggest can help ward
off cancer. In addition to these vitamins, wheatgrass
contains 17 amino acids and 92 different minerals the
human body uses and needs. The nutrients in wheatgrass
are also said to assist in fighting cancer and repairing
cellular damage of the lungs.
MSM: MSM is a sulphur bearing molecule found in all
living organisms destroyed in processed food. It helps
our Body use vitamins, helps to reduce allergies, helps
detoxify the body and increase oxygen, and takes out
inflammation. That also contains in wheat grass juice.
Proteins and Amino acids: Proteins are essential for
muscular strength and physical elegance. Plasmas
hormones and antibodies are obtained through proteins.
Amino acids aid digestion, blood formation and provide
potency to the heart.
Enzymes: Enzymes are the digestive elements. The
substances in the Wheat grass juice are helpful for
dyspepsia. These are helpful for digestion, building a
healthy body and counteract the premature aging.
MINERALS
Iron: Iron is an essential element for life. Iron
deficiency creates shortage of hemoglobin in blood. It
is helpful in pregnancy, for excessive sweating, pale
complexion, laziness and lethargy, and insomnia.
Inorganic iron is often constipating, but the iron salts
in wheatgrass have no side effects.
Calcium: Calcium is the prime instigator of vital
activity. It strengthens the bones, it provides alkaline
for the children and vitality for old. It is helpful in
treatment of the diseases like haemorrhage, distension
of body, slow movements, coldness and varicose
veins etc. Wheatgrass is a good source of calcium,
which helps build strong bones and teeth and
regulates heartbeat, in addition to acting as a buffer to
restore balance to blood pH.
Potassium: Helpful for the radiance and luster of
youth, hypertension, dementia, palpitation, tiredness,
Suicidal instincts and depression etc. Potassium,
called the youth mineral by some nutritionists, helps
maintain a smooth mineral balance, and balanced
body weight. It also tones the muscles, firms the skin,
and promotes overall beauty.
Zinc: Helpful in the prostate gland disorders and
nourishes hair.
Sodium: Sodium regulates the extra cellular fluid
volume. It also regulates the acid-base equilibrium
and maintains proper water balance in the body.
Magnesium: You will find about as much
magnesium in wheatgrass as in broccoli, Brussels’
sprouts, beets, carrots, or celery. Magnesium is
important for good muscle function and for bowel
health, as it aids eliminative functions. I believe that
this mineral is also responsible for drawing fat out of
the liver, in cases of fatty infiltration there.
Nutrients and other substances: These provide nutrition
to the tendons. These are the elements which are resistant
to the disorders related to jaundice, menstruation,
hydrosile, dysentery, mental debility, tooth problems,
evacuation of bowels and the cold related problems.
Chlorophyll: The curative and prophylactic elements-
The wheat grass juice is a source of the alkaline
elements, prophylactic and curative elements. It also
supplements proteins, carbohydrates and fat. The lacteal
substances found in it are considered to be an effective
element and the only remedy for curing cancer.
Chlorophyll the most important element of the wheat
grass is contained in the cells called chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts produce nutritious elements with the help of
sunshine. Dr. Brusher calls it as Concentrated Solar
Energy.’ The chemical formation of the wheat grass juice
has a striking similarity with the chemical formation of
the human blood. The pH factor of the human blood is
7.4. The pH factor of the wheat grass juice is also 7.4
that is the reason why it is quickly absorbed in the blood.
We all know that human blood contains a substance
called hemoglobin it also obstructs their regeneration or
reproduction. The physicians who have successfully tried
this therapy on a number of diseases such as skin
diseases, T.B., heart diseases, brain hemorrhage, ulcer
etc.
Polypharmacological effects of WGJ.
Wheat grass therapy is recommended for patients
suffering from chronic diseases like Asthma,
Atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Joint pains, TB,
Constipation, Hypertension, Diabetes, Bronchitis,
Insomnia, Eczema, Sterility, Hemorrhage, Obesity and
Flatulence. It is also useful in the treatment.
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1) Diseases related to Blood and the Blood Circulation
System
Included among this category are anaemia, high blood
pressure, atherosclerosis, internal haemorrhage, clotting
and the like. Regular intake of the wheat grass juice
works wonders especially in the cases of anaemia for
which no other therapy has such quick cure. Having 200
ml juice twice a day is recommended.
1.1) Deficiency of Hemoglobin - Wheat grass juice is
termed as a substitute for natural red blood cells. The
wheat Grass possesses all the compositions that
Hemoglobin possesses. It is also known as Green Blood
because of its close structural similarity to Hemoglobin.
Wheat Grass contains many nutritious and prophylactic
ingredients.
1.2) Increase Of Uric Acid In Blood
The increase of uric acid in the blood caused
complications such as swelling of the body,
digestion trouble, insomnia, etc
2) Diseases related to the Respiratory System
Common cold, asthma, bronchitis and all the related
disease get cured with the regular regimen of this wheat
grass juice therapy. Common cold generally disappears
in a couple of days only. Asthma is a dreadfully stubborn
disease responding to almost no given therapy. But
wheat grass juice taken twice a day creates wonders in
this case also.
3) Digestive diseases
Wheat grass therapy is most effective in the case of
digestive disorders i.e. it shows its quick effect.
Constipation, indigestion, flatulent, nausea, vomiting,
acidity, ulcers in the stomach and intestines, smelling on
the intestines and worms are some of the prominent
diseases. It is an excellent laxative In the severity of
rectal bleeding. No serious side effects were found Grass
juice appeared effective and safe as a single or as added
support to treat active ulcerative colitis. This enema is
very helpful in disorders of the colon, mucous and
ulcerative colitis,chronic constipation.
4) Teeth and Gum related diseases
4.1) Tooth Disorders - Wheat is valuable in the
prevention and cure of pyorrhoea. It takes time to eat
wheat and as it is generally taken with other foods, it
compels the chewing of other foods also. Wheat grass
juice acts as an excellent mouth wash for sore throats and
pyorrhoea. It also prevents tooth decay and tooth aches.
4.2) Cure For Toothache- The juice of wheat grass acts
as an excellent mouthwash for tooth decay and cures
toothaches. Wheat grass can be chewed with beneficial
results.
4.3) Diseases of Joints- Included in this category are
swelling on the joints, pain in the joints, osteoarthritis,
bone rotting The efficacy of wheatgrass in the
management of bone and joint disorders is due to its
powerful anti-inflammatory effect. It can significantly
help reduce pain, swelling and inflammation, and check
subcutaneous and cutaneous bleeding quickly, thereby
enhancing the natural healing process.
4.3.1) Osteo-arthritis- patients frequently report warmth
in and around the joint a short while after application.
Usually this is followed by increased mobility of the
joint i.e. within 10 to 20 minutes. This can be quite
dramatic. As with any “natural” product, it pays to
persist with chronic conditions for at least three months
before ceasing treatment.
4.3.2) Fractures-If closed fracture, apply immediately to
suspected fracture site before splinting. Apply around the
wound if skin broken. Can produce marked reduction in
swelling, bruising & pain.
4.3.3) Gout, acute & acute or chronic-Apply every 3 or
4 hours. Maintain hyper-uricemic therapy. Can facilitate
anti-inflammatory effect of hyper-uricemics & shorten
attack. Continue daily application to assist prevention of
further attacks.
4.4) Skin diseases-As the wheat grass juice is an active
blood purifying agent, it is very effective in the treatment
of skin diseases. It has been found to be curing eczema,
ache (pimples), boils, cuts and wounds, bites and burns.
4.4.1) Gangrene - The Wheatgrass powder / juice was
poured over the wounds thrice every day. Initially he was
kept on a diet of Naturopathy juices of various fruits and
vegetables miraculously, his situation improved and to
everybody’s surprise he was cured of the gangrene in
about 10 months time. The kidney function and
Hemoglobin level in the blood also improved up to
normal.
4.4.2) Skin Itching- Severe itching on the skin all over
the body used to cause wounds. The treatment he was
undergoing started showing side effects such as improper
bowel movement, gases in stomach and loss of appetite.
At this stage, he started the Wheatgrass therapy. Within a
month the itching reduced and with it the digestion
system also improved. In three months the patient was
cured of his problem without any side effects.
4.4.3) Reduce Eczema Symptoms-Wheatgrass juice is
an excellent choice for a drink as it helps in blood
purification. Drinking wheatgrass on a regular basis will
also ensure you of a normal blood pressure. Hence,
wheatgrass is said to be able to "cure" blood disorders of
all kinds. Wheatgrass is also known to provide the
essential enzymes that the body needs for optimum
Health. Enzymes, in turn, are very helpful in
strengthening the body's immune system and in yourfight
against eczema.
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4.5) Kidney related ailments
Included in the section are the problem of stone,
inflammation of the urinary bladder, and inflammation of
the kidneys. Along with the wheat grass juice if water
treated with magnets is also taken the results are better
and the cure is faster.
4.6) Disease connected with the reproductive organs-
Sexual debility and dismenorhhea are the two
disease/disorders which this therapy can cure with
comparative ease. Taking the wheat juice orally and
applying the parts of the soft portion of the wheat grass
on the private parts help greatly cure the disease.
4.7) Ear diseases-In relieving ear pain and curing the
problem of septic discharge from the ear wheat grass
juice has shown very good results. In addition to taking
the wheat grass orally, some juice should be dropped in
the ears to cure ear diseases.
4.7.1) Myelodysplastic Syndrome (Preleukemia)- The
effect of wheat grass juice in reducing Ferrite (Iron) level
in myelodysplastic syndrome (Preleukemia) and also do
the biochemical analysis of the wheat grass juice.
Wheatgrass juice is a MUST for Cancer patients of any
type whether you are operated, done Chemo / Radiation
or with no Allopathy treatment. SOD, Selenium, laetrile
(B17) in Wheatgrass kills Cancer cells and Chlorophyll
(a green blood) increases your white & red blood cells
counts for faster cure.
4.7.2) On Breast Cancer - Bone marrow (where new
blood cells are made) damage caused by chemotherapy
can become life threatening. White blood cell count and
red blood cell count can become abnormally low. There
are medications to help build the blood cell count, but
they come with negative side effects and increased costs.
It was found that drinking the green healing juice helped
produce healthier blood levels while receiving the
chemotherapy thus decreasing the need for blood
building medications. Wheatgrass juice was found to not
diminish effectiveness of chemotherapy.
4.7.3) Reduces Skin Toxicity in X-Ray- Deep X-ray
therapy for the treatment of breast cancer can be fraught
with complications and adverse reactions called "skin
toxicity". Essentially, this means that after treatment, the
skin becomes inflamed, tends to blister and break down
leading to pain, difficulty in management and wound
infection. Because of skin toxicity, the patient has to wait
much longer between treatments for the skin to recover
sufficiently to allow the next treatment. This in turn
tends to reduce the patient's chances of recovery.
4.8) Treatment of migraine-Migraines are severe,
recurrent headaches that can cause debilitating pain for
hours on end. While there is no cure for a migraine,
home remedies and life-style changes can go a long way
to reduce symptoms. A highly digestible, concentrated
source of nutrients, wheatgrass is a commonly used
supplement for natural healing for all kinds of illness,
including migraines. Wheatgrass contains chemicals
shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties (helpful for overall health and migraines).
Wheatgrass treatment usually involves daily
consumption of a small amount of freshly juiced
wheatgrass.
4.9)Thalassemia- Whether green blood method is not a
cure for thalassaemia. What we have found among
patients taking this therapy is that the interval between
blood transfusions has increased to 25-30 days. Earlier,
thalassaemia patients had to have a transfusion once in
two weeks. Grass juice is the juice extracted from the
pulp of wheatgrass and has been used as a general
purpose health Tonic for several years. Several patients
in the thalassemia (a hereditary form of anaemia,
occurring chiefly in people of Mediterranean origin,
marked by the abnormal synthesis of hemoglobin and a
consequent shortened life span of red blood cells) unit
began consuming wheatgrass juice after anecdotal
accounts of beneficial effects on transfusion
requirements.[11]
Pharmacokinetics: The proteins, lipids and
carbohydrates in wheat grass are digested, absorbed and
metabolized by normal physiological processes.
Contraindications: Wheat grass is contraindicated in
those who are hypersensitive to any component of a
wheat grass containing supplement.
Precautions: Pregnant women and nursing mothers
should avoid wheat grass containing supplements.
Wheatgrass supplements may contain high amounts of
vitamin K. Those on warfarin should exercise caution in
the use of wheat grass supplements.
Adverse reactions: Wheatgrass juice is safe and the
incidence of side effects is very low. It may cause nausea
and headache is excessive quantities are taken. Throat
swelling may occur in hypersensitive Individuals.[5]
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
R. Satyavati, et.al, reported that, wheatgrass juice helps
in building red blood cells and stimulates healthy tissue
cell growth. 100 g of wheatgrass powder is equal to 23
kg of fresh vegetables. Ideally, wheatgrass should be
taken about an hour prior to meal. This allows the body
to fully metabolize it without competing with other
foods, and it may also curb hunger. It is recommended
that lot of water (at least a liter) should be consumed
with the juice to reap its maximum nutritional benefits.
Taking wheatgrass as a supplement in the mid-morning
or mid-afternoon is a great time for this "green" energy
boost.[10]
Mac. Lennan, Wilson & Taylor reported that, the
extract known as wheatgrass derived from the plant
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18
Triticum aestivum L. The use of wheatgrass has a long
history and is widely used as a health food supplement.
The majority of studies on the medicinal properties of
Wheatgrass use it in the form of the pressed juice;
however, comparisons are made to its dried powder form
also. Herbal or alternative medicine is gaining popularity
and scientific research about wheatgrass as a functional
food is becoming more available and popular as a
research topic. It is found to be used as a treatment for
minor ailments and serious life threatening issues as well
as a preventative dietary supplement. In a recent survey,
more than half of Australian cancer patients reported
using herbal medicine .However, not enough in-depth,
controlled clinical trials have been conducted to study
the therapeutic effect of wheatgrass this review aims to
focus on scientific trials with regard to the medicinal
value of WGJ. Themes covered include specific
qualities of wheatgrass as a treatment for cancer,
chemotherapy, blood disease, digestive and bowel
disease or disorder, with associated applications far
reaching. This brings to light the literature on the most
remarkable quality about wheatgrass and that is its high
content of chlorophyll. The use of chlorophyll in trials
offers a broad view of the potential for wheatgrass or
wheatgrass derivatives. Another interesting quality is the
antioxidant potential of WGJ, in particular its superoxide
dismutase (SOD) content. This enzyme has gained much
attention in recent years with regard to its ability to
inhibit cell mutation. Whilst there is much literature on
SOD, its presence and availability in WGJ requires
further development.[3]
Kulkarni, et.al, reported that, Instrumental neutron
analysis has determined the concentrations of
compounds in T.aestivum. The elemental concentration
levels, their trends and concentration ratios of in shoot-
to-root growth seem variable in differing growing
conditions.A study comparing the antioxidant levels
(phenolic and flavonoid compounds) of water-based (i.e.
wheatgrass juice) and alcohol-based extractions of
wheatgrass measured from plants grown under different
growing conditions over periods from 6 to 15 days.
These conditions included tap water, tap water with
nutrients, soil and tap water and soil with nutrients.[19]
De Vogel’s, et.al, reported that, Chlorophyllins are
molecule analogs of chlorophyll studied for cancer
prevention in-vitro and in-vivo because they may mimic
the effects of chlorophyll. Hydrolysis produces the
chlorophyllin molecule which varies from chlorophyll in
that magnesium in the centre is replaced by sodium
copper and the removal of the phytol tail. One trial from
2005 used the controlled diet of rats to determine results.
One group was fed heme, which mimics red meat which
is known to contribute to cytotoxic cell proliferation in
the colon. The second group were fed heme with
addition of sodium copper chlorophyllin and the third
group was fed heme with the addition of natural
chlorophyll. Results showed that group 1 experienced an
almost 100% increase in proliferation. Adding
chlorophyllin in group 2 did not inhibit the heme-
induced proliferation of colonic cells, but group 3
showed an inhibition similar to control values. The study
concludes that dietary protection against the increased
risk of colon cancer due to high consumption of red meat
can be offered only by consumption of green vegetables,
containing natural chlorophyll and not by chlorophyllin.
This presents obvious applications for the high
chlorophyll content of wheatgrass. Natural chlorophyll
has not been shown to cause any side effects or
detrimental damage, except mild nausea in some cases.
Of course, different dosages or isolated and purified
extracts potentially alter that. The role of dosage is
important in the context of medicinal value and therefore
presents another realm of potential research. The use of
chlorophyll as a blood builder has been studied and one
case in particular describes effects of varying dosage.
Howell Hughes. J & Latner A.L demonstrated that
effects of varying doses of pure chlorophyll, large doses
of crude, unrefined chlorophyll and one with a
magnesium free derivative, (which later came to
commercial use as chlorophyllin.) Results showed that
pure, refined chlorophyll in large doses has no effect on
the speed of haemoglobin regeneration, very small doses
markedly increases regeneration. Crude, unrefined
chlorophyll is effective, even in large doses and
magnesium-free chlorophyll was shown to also aid
regeneration when given in large doses. The
haemoglobin levels in anaemic rabbits showed recovery
after 12 days of a large dose of crude, unrefined
chlorophyll.
Lobo et.al, reported that Synthetic antioxidants are
widely used in the food, cosmetics, and therapeutic
industry. However, some physical properties of these
compounds such as their high volatility and instability at
elevated temperature, strict legislation on the use of
synthetic food additives, carcinogenic nature of some
synthetic antioxidants, and consumer preferences have
shifted the attention of manufacturers from synthetic to
natural antioxidants. In view of increasing risk factors of
human to various deadly diseases, there has been a
global trend toward the use of natural substances present
in medicinal plants and dietary plants as therapeutic
antioxidants. It has been reported that there is an inverse
relationship between the dietary intake of antioxidant-
rich food and medicinal plants and incidence of human
diseases. The use of natural antioxidants in food,
cosmetic, and therapeutic industry would be promising
alternative for synthetic antioxidants in respect of low
cost, highly compatible with dietary intake and no
harmful effects inside the human body. Many antioxidant
compounds, naturally occurring in plant sources have
been identified as free radical or active oxygen
scavengers. This scavenging potential applies to the
potential of wheatgrass as a chemo preventive. Cancer is
a serious threat to people the world over and research is
relentlessly evolving. Any suggestion of WGJ efficacy in
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19
relation to treating or preventing cancer deserves
investigation.
Simonich. M.T et al. investigated that chemoprevention
by natural chlorophyll was in a rat multi-organ
carcinogenesis model. Aflatoxin B₁ is a major cause of
hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia and sub-Saharan
Africa. The trials measured efficacy of chlorophyll (Chl)
and fabricated chlorophyllin (CHL) as chemo
preventives on hepatic AFB₁ DNA adduction in rats.
Results detailed that both Chl and CHL were both potent
agents against biomarkers of AFB₁ in the rat liver and
colon. Further experiments are suggested to determine
the precise mechanism of the inhibition in post-initiation
models. The results support the idea that consumption of
green foods, high in chlorophyll, may substantially lower
cancer rates among human populations at high risk from
AFB₁ exposure.[3]
Boivin, D,.et al, reported that. Chemoprevention depends
on the use of non-toxic chemical substances to block,
reverse or retard the process of carcinogenesis. Plant-
based diets is regarded one of the potential
chemopreventive agents.[20]
Priyanka A., Madhu,K, reported that, The purpose of
cancer prevention is to cause delay in onset of cancer, its
progression from precancerous lesion or recurrence after
treatment. Therefore the ultimate goal of cancer
prevention is preferably to live without cancer or with
cancer without suffering from symptoms until the natural
termination of life.[21]
S.Sharma, et.al, reported that, Wheatgrass, has been an
integral part of Indian culture for thousands of years, and
has been known to have outstanding healing properties.
some studies shows that wheatgrass has chemical
constituents such as Vitamin A, B1-B12, Vitamin C, E
and K, Ascorbic acid, Carotene, Sulfur, Sodium, Copper,
Calcium, Phosphorus, Iodine, Magnesium, Selenium,
Zinc, Boron and Molybdenum, wheatgrass also contains
many enzymes including protease, amylase, lypase,
superoxide dismutase (SOD) cytochrome oxidase and
transhydro genase, there are also some other particular
components present in wheatgrass are amino acids such
as aspartic acid, threonine, asparagines, glutamine,
proline, glycine, arginine, alanine, valine , methionine,
isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine,
histidine, tryptophan and serine, P4D1 (gluco-protein),
mucopolysaccharides, and chlorophyll, bioflavonides
like apigenin, quercitin and luteonin, indole compounds,
choline and lactrile (amygdalin) which provides a
excellent therapeutic potential to it. Wheatgrass is found
to have elevated amount of chlorophyll which act as an
antioxidant and can prevent cancer. Selenium and lactrile
found in wheatgrass have anticancer activities and can
diminish risk of cancer. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of
wheatgrass were found to inhibit the growth of leukemia
cells in a time dependent manner. Also an increase in
CAT, SOD, and ADA activities were calculated in the
cell lines treated with wheatgrass extracts. The
concentration of vitamin C and E, beta carotene, ferulic
acid and vanilic acid present in wheatgrass increases
with the germination period of wheatgrass. Chlorophyll
present in wheatgrass inhibits the metabolic activation of
carcinogens. Wheatgrass was also found to inhibit the
oxidative DNA damage. A study done on MCF-7 breast
cancer cell lines with different extracts of wheatgrass
found that crude ethanolic extract show highest free
radical scavenging activity and the highest cell killing
property. Wheatgrass contains antioxidant enzyme
superoxide dismutase (SOD) which converts dangerous
free radical reactive oxygen species (ROS) into hydrogen
peroxides, which is not destructive as superoxide
molecule and an oxygen molecule. Wheatgrass contains
both enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants and has
almost no side effects, so it can be use as a supplement to
the cancer patients during chemotherapy to reduce the
oxidative stress caused by platinum containing
chemotherapeutic drugs and it can also increase the anti-
neoplastic activity of the drug and illustrate better results.
[22]
R. Parvin et.al reported that, various extracts of
wheatgrass were prepared by different solvents using
soxhlet apparatus. Dried powder (60#) of Triticum
aestivum was defatted with petroleum ether (60˚-80˚) (3
X 500ml) for 1 hour; allowing macerating for 24h each
time. The combined extracts, upon concentrating in
vacuum, yielded greenish yellow semisolid residue. (Ext
P, 2.8 % w/w). After defatting, powder was subjected to
air dried and for extraction (60˚-80˚) with chloroform,
exhaustively.The chloroform extract (Ext C) was
concentrated to yield 3.4 % w/w. Afterwards the
chloroform extract marc was air dried and extracted with
acetone. The acetone extract (Ext A) was concentrated to
yield 4.3 % w/w. After acetone extract, marc was air
dried and extracted with methanol. The methanol extract
(Ext M) was concentrated to yield 4.1 % w/w. Marc of
methanol extract was successively extracted with
waterWater extract (Ext W) was separately concentrated
to yield 5.3 % w/w. Solid powder obtained from these
successive extractions of acetone, methanol and water
were subjected for evaluation of pharmacological
activities like iron over load induce thalasemia model,
thrombocytopenia model, immune-modulatory
activities.[23]
W. Patrick et.al reported that, Fresh homogenate
samples taken from each replicate were centrifuged at
2000 rpm for 2 minutes and the supernatant removed.
These samples; along with the acetone extracted
samples, were pre-screened for anti-microbial activity
using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-
positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571;
Streptococcus mutans NCIMB 702062 and Gram-
negative Escherichia coli NCTC 10418. A broth
suspension of each pathogen was obtained by using a
loop of each bacterium to inoculate10ml of Muller-
Hinton Broth in individual polymer tubes, which were
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20
labelled and placed in a bench top orbital shaking
incubator for 24 hours prior to assaying. Diagnostic
Sensitivity Test Agar (D.S.T.Agar) plates were then
seeded with each pathogen suspension using individual
swabs; and using a sterile cork borer, wells were cut
from the agar. Each well was filled with 50μl of 100%
concentration extract using a pipette. Control wells
containing 80% acetone, and distilled water were
included. Plates were labelled and incubated at 37˚C for
24 hours before being analysed by observation. Activity
is determined by presence of a zone of inhibition around
each well.[24]
K. Saroj et.al reported that, Materials and Methods:
Freshly prepared Triticum aestivum grass juice was
administered to normal rats at the dose of 5 ml/kg and 10
ml/kg orally once daily for 21 days. Blood samples were
collected after 24 hours of last administration and used
for estimation of lipid profile. Fresh grass juice was also
subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. Fresh
grass juice administration produced dose related
significant reduction in total cholesterol, triglycerides,
low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and very low density
lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in normal rats as compared
to control. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed
presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins and sterols
in Triticum aestivum grass.[25]
CONCLUDATORY COMMENTS
Comprehensive data from number of studies has revealed
the multitude effects of wheatgrass in thalassemia,
haemolytic anemia, cancer, asthma, allergy,
inflammatory bowel disease and detoxification. The
structural homology of chlorophyll with hemoglobin
indicates the role of chlorophyll as a blood builder in
various clinical conditions involving hemoglobin
deficiency – thus the name “green blood”. To conclude
wheatgrass seems to be very promising herbal drug and
extensive research work is needed in order to explore its
therapeutic application in various diseases. Wheatgrass
juice generally contains no harmful substances with the
exception of a possible allergic reaction. Wheatgrass is
known to help minimize fatigue, improve sleep, increase
strength, naturally regulate blood pressure and blood
sugar, support weight loss, improve digestion and
elimination, support healthy skin, teeth, eyes, muscles
and joints, improve the function of our heart-lungs and
reproductive organs, heal ulcers and skin sores, slow
cellular aging, improve mental function, and is beneficial
in arthritis and muscle cramping. It is proven to be
beneficial under various conditions, such as anaemia,
diabetes, cancer, eczema, constipation, kidney swelling,
and common cold. Thus, it should be made part of daily
dietary intake in order to explore its maximum benefits.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author is highly thankful to all the staffs of Rayat
Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Hoshiarpur, Punjab and
University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rayat
Bahra University, Mohali, Punjab, India for their much
needed help and for developing this review work. The
guidance and the support received from all the members
who contributed for this work, was vital for the success
of the review. The author is grateful for their constant
support and help.
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