Made by-: Deepanshu Tuli Class VII

Gurukul Global School Near I.T. Park , Chandigarh

POLLUTION

WHAT IS POLLUTION

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances, or energy, such as noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be foreign substances or energies, or naturally occurring; when naturally occurring, they are considered contaminants when they exceed natural levels.

TYPES OF POLLUTION

There are four types of pollutions. They are -:Noise PollutionAir pollutionWater PollutionSoil Pollution

NOISE POLLUTION

Noise pollution is unpleasant animal- or machine-created sound that unbalances the activity or balance of human or animal life. The word noise comes from the Latin word nausea meaning seasickness.

For example – The loud music played by youngsters creates

a fuss all arround.

AIR POLLUTION

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere.

The atmosphere is a complex, dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems.

WATER POLLUTION

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. All water pollution affects organisms and plants that live in these water bodies and in almost all cases the effect is damaging either to individual species and populations but also to the natural biological communities. It occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful constituents.

SOIL POLLUTION

Soil pollution is caused by the presence of man-made chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. This type of contamination typically arises from the rupture of underground storage tanks, application of pesticides, percolation of contaminated surface water to subsurface strata, oil and fuel dumping, leaching of wastes from landfills or direct discharge of industrial wastes to the soil. The most common chemicals involved are petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents, pesticides, lead and other heavy metals. This occurrence of this phenomenon is correlated with the degree of industrializations and intensities of chemical usage.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF NOISE POLLUTION

Unlike other types of pollution ending noise pollution is actually something that is quite possible. Reduction is a good option, but the goal should be to eliminate it all together. Some things that can be done are installation of noise barriers, development of quieter vehicles and other transportation, more laws and regulations imposed against sources of noise pollution

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PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF AIR POLLUTION

Graph of increase in pollution due to vehicle

In today’s world there are major problems that the Earth is facing today One of them is Pollution but out of pollution there is one thing which we all know as air pollution In order to prevent Air pollution we have to follow the following steps -:

1) We have to encourage using less vehicles2) The factories should be educated to provide filters from towers that

emit Smoke

PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF WATER POLLUTION

New techniques that need no water are highly beneficial. Some of the wet processes should be replaced by the dry processes. For example, metal pickling once carried out by acids is replaced by sand blasting in which no liquid effluent is generated.

To minimize the volume of effluents, the waste water that is less polluted may be used in rinsing. For instance, in the mercerizing of yarn, the final rinse water containing little alkali is used for the first and second rinsing of yarn containing excess alkali.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF SOIL POLLUTION

In order to prevent soil pollution we should follow the follow the following measures -:1)We should not dump solid wastes in the soil this can

block the soil and roots of plants will not be able to breath.

2)Instead of Chemicals or pesticides we should use organic pesticides or no pesticides at all

3)Afforestation- the process of growing trees on a large scale should be followed by the people and should be encouraged by the Government

Thank You

Submitted by -: Deepanshu Tuli