pollutant loads to the bay: measuring the l in tmdl lester mckee sources pathways and loadings...
TRANSCRIPT
Pollutant Loads to the Bay: Pollutant Loads to the Bay:
Measuring the “L” in TMDLMeasuring the “L” in TMDLLester McKeeLester McKee
Sources Pathways and Loadings Workgroup Sources Pathways and Loadings Workgroup and and
Watershed Program ManagerWatershed Program ManagerSFEISFEI
RMP Annual Meeting, May 10RMP Annual Meeting, May 10thth 2005 2005
SPLWG AchievementsSPLWG Achievements 13 technical reports over the past 5 years including reports 13 technical reports over the past 5 years including reports
on urban drainage, atmospheric inputs, and sediment loadson urban drainage, atmospheric inputs, and sediment loads
Developed conceptual models and designed evaluation Developed conceptual models and designed evaluation strategies for monitoring Hg, PCBs and OC pesticides in strategies for monitoring Hg, PCBs and OC pesticides in stormwater runoffstormwater runoff
Implemented stormwater monitoring studies at Mallard Is. Implemented stormwater monitoring studies at Mallard Is. and Guadalupe R. and Guadalupe R.
SPLWG - The leading source of loads informationSPLWG - The leading source of loads information
Forum for discussionForum for discussion
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
SPLWG - Systematic PlanSPLWG - Systematic Plan
A.Watershed Characterization
B.Conceptual Model Development
C.Develop Evaluation Strategies
D.Establish Regional Network of “Observation Watersheds”
E. Extrapolate to Other Watersheds
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Davis et al., 1999, 2000
The Pathways of “L”…The Pathways of “L”…
Loads enter the Bay from 5 main pathways:Loads enter the Bay from 5 main pathways:
1.1. Urban stormwaterUrban stormwater
2.2. New Almaden mining areaNew Almaden mining area
3.3. Atmospheric depositionAtmospheric deposition
4.4. Urban and industrial wastewaterUrban and industrial wastewater
5.5. Large RiversLarge Rivers
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
2000 20051
2
3
45
4 3
2
1
5
Total Mercury Inputs
Why Else Study Loads?Why Else Study Loads?
Improve understanding of variation (both spatial and Improve understanding of variation (both spatial and temporal) temporal)
Estimate loads in unmeasured places (extrapolation and Estimate loads in unmeasured places (extrapolation and modeling)modeling)
Measure change over time in relation Measure change over time in relation to management activitiesto management activities
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Recent SPLWG HighlightsRecent SPLWG Highlights Completed technical reports on the Mallard Is. and Completed technical reports on the Mallard Is. and
Guadalupe River field studiesGuadalupe River field studies
Submitted three papers to scientific journalsSubmitted three papers to scientific journals
Began discussions on how to choose a location for Began discussions on how to choose a location for another small tributaries loading study another small tributaries loading study
Received 6 special and pilot studies proposalsReceived 6 special and pilot studies proposals
Initiated the development of a new 5-year work planInitiated the development of a new 5-year work plan
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Special and Pilot Studies ProposalsSpecial and Pilot Studies Proposals
#1: Small Tributaries Loading study (number two)#1: Small Tributaries Loading study (number two)
#2: Design of a watershed RMP#2: Design of a watershed RMP
#3: Improving Bay Area hydrography for characterization and#3: Improving Bay Area hydrography for characterization and modeling stormwater flowmodeling stormwater flow
#4: Storm drain outfall sediment characterization#4: Storm drain outfall sediment characterization
#5: Determining the ability for loadings studies to observe#5: Determining the ability for loadings studies to observe changechange
#6: Enhanced isohyetal analysis of the SF Bay Area#6: Enhanced isohyetal analysis of the SF Bay Area
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP
A S A S A S A S A S
$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k
Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k
Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study
CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?
Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k
Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?
Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?
Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k
Next Steps and PhilosophyNext Steps and Philosophy
Receive written comments on the Receive written comments on the draftdraft work plan work plan
Revise work plan to reflect oral and Revise work plan to reflect oral and written commentswritten comments
Systemically update the work plan as Systemically update the work plan as new information is generated (i.e. a new information is generated (i.e. a living document)living document)
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Field Studies WY 2005 Field Studies WY 2005 HighlightsHighlights
Mallard Island Large Rivers Loading Mallard Island Large Rivers Loading StudyStudy
Guadalupe River Small Tributaries Guadalupe River Small Tributaries Loading StudyLoading Study
““The Mallard Island Study”The Mallard Island Study”
SFEI: SFEI: Management/sampling assistance/reportManagement/sampling assistance/report
USGS USGS SSC/turbidity data collectionSSC/turbidity data collection
RWQCBRWQCB X-section variabilityX-section variability
UCSC UCSC Sample collection/Hg and SSC analysisSample collection/Hg and SSC analysis
AXYS AXYS Organic contaminant analysisOrganic contaminant analysis
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Funding: RMP
““The Mallard Island Study”The Mallard Island Study”Location MapLocation Map
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Suspended Sediment LoadsSuspended Sediment Loads
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
1
2
3
419
95
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Water Year
Su
spen
ded
Sed
imen
t (M
t)
1.15 Mt
Sampling for Trace Sampling for Trace ContaminantsContaminants
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
20,00040,000
60,00080,000
100,000
120,000140,000
160,000180,000
200,000
10/1/01 10/1/02 10/1/03 9/30/04
Date
Dis
char
ge (
cfs)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Sus
pend
ed S
edim
ent (
mg/
L)Dayflow (cfs)
Sampling Event
SSC (mg/L)
Total Mercury LoadsTotal Mercury Loads
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
200
400
600
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Water Year
Tot
al M
ercu
ry (
kg)
Total Mercury LoadsTotal Mercury Loads
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
200
400
600
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Water Year
Tot
al M
ercu
ry (
kg)
191 kg
PCB LoadsPCB Loads
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
05
1015
2025
3035
2002 2003
Water Year
PCB
(kg
)
““The Guadalupe Small Tributaries The Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loads Study”Loads Study”
SFEISFEI Management/trace contaminant sampling/reportManagement/trace contaminant sampling/report
USGSUSGS Suspended sediment and bed loadsSuspended sediment and bed loads
MLMLMLML Trace element analysis of water and sedimentTrace element analysis of water and sediment
AXYSAXYS Organic contaminant analysisOrganic contaminant analysis
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Funding: RMP, CEP, USACE/SCVWD, SCVURPPP
““The Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loads The Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loads Study”Study”
SFEI WY 2005 field teamSFEI WY 2005 field team Nicole DavidNicole David Jennifer HayworthJennifer Hayworth Jennifer HuntJennifer Hunt Kristen LarnedKristen Larned Jon LeatherbarrowJon Leatherbarrow Aroon MelwaniAroon Melwani Sarah PearceSarah Pearce
51%
Samples collectedoutside of work time
““The The Guadalupe Guadalupe
Small Small Tributaries Tributaries
Loads Loads Study” Study”
Location Location MapMap
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
Suspended Sediment LoadSuspended Sediment Load
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
2003 2004 2005
Water Year
Su
spen
ded
Sed
imen
t (t
)
Preliminary
Sampling for Trace Sampling for Trace ContaminantsContaminants
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
10/1
/200
4
11/1
/200
4
12/2
/200
4
1/2/
2005
2/2/
2005
3/5/
2005
4/5/
2005
Date
Dis
char
ge (
cfs)
Water Sample (Hg analysis)
Bed Load Sample (Hg analysis)
Flow
Total Mercury LoadsTotal Mercury Loads
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0
50
100
150
200
2003 2004
Water Year
Tot
al M
ercu
ry (
kg)
Max annual: 900 – 1,100 kg5-yr mean: 6 – 440 kg
PCB LoadsPCB Loads
RMP Annual Meeting 2005
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2003 2004
Water Year
PC
Bs
(kg)
Closing CommentsClosing Comments
SPLWG efforts over the past 5 years has had a profound SPLWG efforts over the past 5 years has had a profound influence our perceptions of Bay functionsinfluence our perceptions of Bay functions
This emerging understanding has strongly influenced the This emerging understanding has strongly influenced the development of the mercury and PCB TMDLsdevelopment of the mercury and PCB TMDLs
To complete the circle, the TMDL recommendations are To complete the circle, the TMDL recommendations are now influencing the planning process for new SPLWG now influencing the planning process for new SPLWG studiesstudies
Without the dedicated field team at SFEI, much of this Without the dedicated field team at SFEI, much of this information would not have been generatedinformation would not have been generated
RMP Annual Meeting 2005