Political & Economic Theory

Unit 3World History

Hankins

Unit 3 Topics Political & Economic Theory

Essential Questions Explain the tradeoff between security and liberty. Compare and contrast capitalism and communism. Compare and contrast totalitarianism versus

democracy. How did the Enlightenment change our views of human

nature and religion? Explain the significance of the Magna Carta

Unit Skill Graphic Organizers

Why Do We Have Government?

Brainstorm

5 Things That Government Does In Your Life

5 Things You Don’t Like About Government

Purpose of Government

Initially; Provide Protection & Food 8 Features of Civilization

Over Course of Time Government Has Changed Its Purpose

Different Philosophies

Everyone Has a Different Philosophy on How Government Works

Some Believe Government Should Have MORE Impact on People’s Lives

Some Believe Gov’t Should Have Little to No Effect

The Enlightenment

Time Where Many Shared Thoughts on How Gov’t Should Work

Idea That Using Reason Solves ALL Problems Social, Political, & Economic Problems

Enlightenment Features

Most Enlightenment Authors Wanted a Democratically Elected Gov’t

Catholic Church Against Enlightenment

“Enlightened Monarchs” Frederick & Catherine the Great

Graphic Organizers

Grpahic Organizers

Help to Put Things Into Perspective Many Different Ways

Compare & Contrast

Organize Chronologically

Examples Venn Diagrams

KWL Charts

Timelines

Concept Maps

Cause & Effect

Enlightenment Authors

Thomas Hobbes

Wrote Leviathan

Only a POWERFUL Gov’t Can Provide Order

People are Naturally Cruel & Selfish

John Locke

Wrote Two Treaties of Government

All People Have NATURAL RIGHTS Life Liberty Property OVERTHROW Bad Government

Montesquieu

Wrote The Spirit of Laws

Divide Gov’t Into Executive, Judicial, & Legislative

Helps Provides Checks & Balances

Rousseau

Wrote The Social Contract

Believe People were Corrupted by SOCIETY

Adam Smith

Wrote The Wealth of Nations

Promoted a LAISSEZ FAIRE Economy

Laissez Faire Gov’t Doesn’t Interfere in Economy

Name Book (Year?)

2 Beliefs How Are Beliefs Used Today (2)

ThomasHobbesJohnLockeMontesquieu

Rousseau

Voltaire

Adam Smith

Part IVForms of Government

Monarchy

System Where a Royal Family Rules a Country Kings & Queens

Usually ABSOLUTISM Monarchs Have ABSOLUTE (All) Power

Oligarchy & Aristocracy

System Where Only A Small Group of People Run Gov’t

Usually the Wealthy/Powerful or Military (South Africa)

Theocracy

Gov’t System Based Entirely On Religious Beliefs

Ex: Middle East, Vatican City

Democracy

System Where the Citizens Have the Power to Make Decisions

Direct Democracy (Greece) EVERY Citizen Votes on Decisions

Republic

System Where Representatives of Citizens Make Decisions

Roman Republic Started the SENATE

Communism/Socialism

System Where Gov’t Owns Everything & Citizens Only Do The Job That They Are Told

Russia & China

Activity

Prepare a Skit or Presentation or Song/Rap/Poem Representing Your Government (6)

Include Information About the Government, its purpose, and what countries it may exist in

EVERYONE must have a role

Type Example Pro Con

Monarchy

Oligarchy/Aristocracy

Feudalism

Democracy

Republic

Communism

Theocracy

Anarchism

Part IIIThe Law

Hammurabi’s Code

Civil & Criminal Laws

Hammurabi’s Code FIRST Codified LAWS “To Bring Justice” HARSH Laws

Criminal Law & Civil Law

Greece & Rome

Rome Citizens Forced

Laws to Be Posted

Greece Model for Law and

Politics First True

Legislature (lawmakers)

Tribunes

Courts Formed by Plebeians to Try Crimes

People Innocent Until Proven Guilty

Magna Carta Document Limiting

King John’s Power (in England)

Protects Citizens Individual & Legal Rights

Limits Taxes

Magna Carta Specifics

Establish Due Process & Probable Cause

No Taxation w/o Representation Like Parliament

Part VIEconomics

Economy

System In Which a Country Handles & Deals w/ Trade Specifically, Money

Different In Every Country

Traditional Economy

Simple Economy

Subsistence Farming Like Slavery on Farms

Bartering Literally Trading

Market Economy

Separate People and Business Spend and Trade Goods

Capitalism

Free Market Laissez-Faire Market Controls Itself (Invisible Hand)

Command Economy Economy Where Gov’t

Controls Everything

Karl Marx Wrote Communist

Manifesto

Communism/Socialism

Mixed Economy

Economy Using Aspects of Command & Market Economy

United States How?

Other Aspectsof Politics & Economy

Types of Economics

Macroeconomics Study National or Global Affect of

Economy

Microeconomics Study Individual or Community Affect of

Economy

Supply & Demand

Price is affected by SUPPLY & what is the DEMAND for the Product

How OUR Economy Changes is Based on What YOU Do

Supply & Demand Graph

Inflation

Rise in the General Level of Prices

Positive Brings Economy Into Balance

Negative Decreases Value of Money

Feudalism

Medieval Government Where Rivals Control & Rule a Small Part of Land

Kings Provides Protection for Vassals/Peasants in Exchange for Working on Land

Japan & Europe

Important Legal Terms

Due Process FAIR, Consistent Order From When a

Criminal is Arrested to Their Trial

Habeas Corpus Prevent Unlawful Detention