Medieval costume in Poland (based on Internet with Creative Commons)

In our deliberations on the costume of a medieval dating accept limited to the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries . As the fashion in the Middle Ages did not change as fast as today , the selected time interval will allow us to know the style and fit of clothes during the reign of Casimir the Great.

As elsewhere in Europe , in Poland, the women wore dresses made of two layers - bottom and top , the width of the sleeves was a sign of the social position of women . When it comes to sleeves dresses court , they were elongated along the lines of the twelfth century French fashion - it also referred to the vertical pleating fabrics. As in France, Spain , Italy, and Poland, so at this time constantly repeated the same style dress , the fabric on top of the sticks until the hips and falls loosely on numerous folds to the ground. Headgear were light scarves pinned gently on the head or pressed into small folds , which in the fifteenth century took the form of fashionable at the time bonnets with large sizes. Polish variant was korzno coat , trimmed at the edges of the gold element , and impersonating winter fur. It was clipped on the right arm - obviously cut was taken from Byzantine models . Woven fabrics of silk used to highlight the wealth , but by virtue of the fact that they were very expensive trimmed dress them down for example , or cloak, or finishing the sleeves. Queen Jadwiga , wife of Wladyslaw Jagiello I , had a very well-organized workshop tailor to the needs of their own and their country house. The cut dresses has not changed to the fifteenth century, while the French were brought to the Polish coats type houppelande with baggy sleeves. Standard clothes that did not surrender to the new trends of fashion , were long tunics and pleated coats.

Women's dress in the examined period consisted of the following parts:

shirtreformstockingsdress pantstop dressbeltheadgearshoesmantle

The individual pieces of clothing took on different forms depending on fashion , social status and wealth of the owner. Due to the difficulties associated with obtaining information on all parts of the

dress, we present

Shirts

material: linen or cotton ( recommended flax ) , can also be silk

color: white

Shirts served as underwear. They were used on the day the dress at night to sleep (although it is known that he sleeps also nude ) , to the bath . Long, ( at least to mid-calf ) , with sleeves or straps. Fashion shirt was different , depending on the cut dress , to which they were worn . Men were essentially the same for women from different social strata . Differentiate them stuff - expensive and delicate for wealthy people , cheap for the poor.

Tight shirts sleeveless top - worn under low-cut dresses 2 mid fourteenth century were sometimes struts in the side seams to make them easier to wear . As seen in the figures that follow , these shirts were also used in baths and sleeping .

In the same period (the second half and the end of the fourteenth century) used probably also strapless shirts . It can certify it posted next to the illustration , as well as images of women in tight dresses that expose the shoulders, which can not be seen protruding strapless shirt.

In addition, there were shirts with long sleeves and collar - worn under a dress houppelande , in the twenties fifteenth century. Fashion was then pile on top of the flanges , flat spread collars wzmiankowanych dress.

Located next to the picture of Memling , dating from the last decades of the fifteenth century , shows Bathsheba coming out of the bath. It assumes at each linen shirt a cut through the center . It is difficult to say whether this type shirts with placket , operate on the principle of laundry daily , or whether it was some kind of bathrobes.

Stockings ( chausses )

material: cloth, linen or cotton , thin woolen material

color : white, probably also other colors

fashion : reaching just above the knee , cut like a men's leggings with stitched foot. Sustained ribbon fastened with a buckle at the knee.

Stockings have a length slightly behind the knee , below the knee are supported fabric garter buckle fastened or tied . Socks should be worn so to each non- working outfit. In the colder season , worn with

a long right knee reforms , together give good protection.

boots

material: leather , fabric

color : various

Shoes is an extremely important part of the dress, while still quite poorly understood. Especially women's shoes , mostly not illustrated by contemporary art they are difficult to characterize . In this study , however, it was decided to introduce even similar patterns , based on contemporary pursuits and reconstructions . For shoes worn patynki , a type of wood-and- leather " flip-flop " koturnowych , protecting boots and dress before the larger debris.

MEDIEVAL JEWELLERY Medieval jewellery includes bracelets, rings, earrings, brooches, pendants or necklaces. Items worn by the nobility were made from gold, silver and glass while other people wore objects made from copper or bronze.

In medieval times the type of jewellery indicated the status of the person in society. For example, kings used to wear crowns.

Broaches were rich decorated and very popular because they were used to clasp coats. Similarly belt clasps were also very decorative at the time.

In Middle Ages there were necklaces made from gold, silver, glass and stone beads as well as single pendants.

Women used to wear diadems or circlets on their heads.

Jewellery was not only the domain of women. Rings were extremely popular among men as well. They were often worn on a few fingers on both hands. Beautiful metal bracelets were also worn.

Earrings were usually worn by women. On Slavic territories it was popular for women to wear earrings, which they put through pierced ears.

Some pupils drawings: peasants

Some pupils drawings: marchands:

Some pupils drawings: nobles: