policies affecting wildlife #8983-e. introduction state and federal wildlife laws manage the...
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POLICIES AFFECTING WILDLIFE
#8983-E
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Introduction
• State and federal wildlife laws manage the populations of plants and animals in Texas.
• There is a thin line between policy and law.
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• Policy works to enforce the law.
• This means that when policy is violated, the law is violated.
• Policies are in place because they are less complicated and time-consuming to change than changing the law.
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• Policies and laws work together to provide sound wildlife management practices.
• If the habitat is healthy, animals will thrive.
• Wildlife management works to keep the animal populations in line with the food, cover, and water supply.
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• Many laws control hunting and fishing.
• Laws affect both private and commercial activities.
• Private activity is for sport.
• Commercial activity is for profit.
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• Laws prevent the exploitation of all wildlife resources for either private or commercial gain.
• All laws do not address the taking of game.
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• Habitat, which includes nesting areas, are also protected by the law.
• Disturbing the habitat either intentionally or accidentally is unlawful.
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• Regulations are a part of wildlife policy.
• They can change from year to year.
• Changes result from a review of the conditions and populations of wildlife and their habitat.
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• In Texas, wildlife regulations are implemented based on research done by wildlife biologists.
• Fishing and hunting regulations are modified each year based on their findings.
• The biologists report to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Commission, which is the decision-making entity of the state.
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History of Wildlife Laws and Policies
• Laws serve to put society in order.
• When wildlife law did not exist, species were often hunted to extinction or near extinction.
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• Wildlife laws now work to protect all species, even predators.
• Habitat destruction also caused the loss of many wild animals.
• Activities such as overgrazing, logging, and strip-mining, removed valuable groundcover.
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• Criminal attack on wildlife and resources was another problem.
• Poaching is the taking of game illegally, which includes out of season, exceeding limits, and refusing to follow laws regarding taking.
• Vandals use fire to destroy habitat.
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• Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to see the need for laws regulating the taking of wildlife.
• Conservationism began to take hold during his presidency.
• These laws brought order back to the environment.
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• The problem with conservation law was that it took time to adopt needed legislation.
• Often, by the time laws were changed, they did little to fit the existing need.
• The use of policy seemed a workable solution.
• Policies address the letter of the law.
• Laws became more flexible and useful.
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• Federal laws and policies set the framework for the states.
• States have the authority to manage their natural resources.
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States’ Statue Adoption Procedures
• An important point is that states govern their natural resources independently.
• As a result, the laws of one state do not fit the laws of another, although they may overlap.
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The ways that states adopt laws are also different.
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Texas’ Statue Adoption Procedures
• The Texas Legislature is in session every two years.
• This body of government sets Texas Wildlife Law.
• Laws passed must comply with federal guidelines.
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• The Texas Parks and Wildlife Commission oversees wildlife policy.
• It is a nine-member board appointed by the governor.
• The Commission receives information from wildlife and fisheries biologists.
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• Wildlife and fisheries biologists study wildlife populations, health, impact, and habitat.
• They make recommendations and report to the Commission.
• Once policy is set, it becomes the game wardens responsibility to enforce the policies and laws.
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Areas Affected By Texas Wildlife Policy
• Two groups of recreational activities are consumptive and non-consumptive.
• Wildlife policy controls both consumptive and non-consumptive activities.
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• Consumptive activities include hunting and fishing.
• These activities consume a resource.
• Non-consumptive activities enjoy the resource without taking from it.
• These activities would include hiking and photography.
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• Commercial trade allows for profit.
• Hunting, fishing, and camping activities provide the opportunity for income.
• Sales of equipment and supplies to the outdoor enthusiast also generate a source of income.
• The wildlife itself can be treated as a commodity.
• With proper permits, a person can breed, manage, and sell wildlife.
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• Not all wildlife is on state or federal lands.
• Ninety-six percent of Texas land is privately owned.
• Policies set by the Commission affect all wildlife.
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• Commission control does not have boundaries.
• All persons owning land must abide by wildlife policy.
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• Ownership of land does not give the owner total control of the land.
• In some cases, it may be necessary to receive permitting to clear, drill, or build on land.
• When taking native game, the landowner must abide by all wildlife laws.
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Reproduction or redistribution of all, or part, of this presentation without written permission is
prohibited.
Instructional Materials Service
Texas A&M University
2588 TAMUS
College Station, Texas 77843-2588
http://www-ims.tamu.edu 2006