polarity ch 6.2b. diatomic compounds share electrons equally. equal forces pulling on the...
DESCRIPTION
Electronegativity = Atom’s attraction for electrons Larger value stronger attraction Electronegativity trends (attraction for electrons): Right side of periodic table: high Exception for noble gases (Group #8A) - none Left side of periodic table: low Top of a group: higher Bottom of a group: lowerTRANSCRIPT
PolarityCh 6.2b
Diatomic compounds share electrons equally. Equal forces pulling on
the shared electrons
What happens when atoms do NOT share electrons equally? Unequal forces pulling on
the shared electrons
Diatomics
Unequal Sharing of ElectronsElectronegativity = Atom’s attraction for
electrons Larger value stronger attraction
Electronegativity trends (attraction for electrons): Right side of periodic table: high
Exception for noble gases (Group #8A) - none Left side of periodic table: low Top of a group: higher Bottom of a group: lower
Polar Covalent Bond:Determine by electronegativity
Higher electronegativity partial negative chargeLower electronegativity partial positive charge.
Unequal Sharing of Electrons
Prof Mokeur’s Periodic Table
Shared electrons in a hydrogen chloride molecule spend less time near the hydrogen atom than near the chlorine atom.
Unequal Sharing of Electrons
How to predict what type of bond will form between two
atoms:Non-polar covalent
Electronegativity difference is <0.5Polar covalent
Electronegativity difference is >0.5 and <2.0 (Between 0.5-1.9)
Ionic bondElectronegativity difference is >2.0
ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference:
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference:
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference:
ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference: 0.1 non-polar covalent
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference:
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference:
ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference: 0.1 non-polar covalent
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference: 1.9 polar covalent
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference:
ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference: 0.1 non-polar covalent
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference: 1.9 polar covalent
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference: 2.1 ionic