poison gas use during wwi
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Poison Gas Use During WWI. Types of Poison Gas. Tearing Agent ( lachrymatory). France used it first in 1914 Causes temporary blindness Inflames the nose and throat Gas mask offered good protection Similar to mace and pepper spray No long term effects if used properly - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Tearing Agent (lachrymatory)
• France used it first in 1914
• Causes temporary blindness
• Inflames the nose and throat
• Gas mask offered good protection
• Similar to mace and pepper spray
• No long term effects if used properly
• Some forms would freeze in cold weather and not work (Eastern Front)
Asphyxiant
• First Used by the Germans in 1915
• Poisonous gases
• Chlorine (First developed by Germany)
• Chlorine is a powerful irritant that can inflict damage to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs. At high concentrations and prolonged exposure it can cause death by asphyxiation
Gas Masks were effective in filtering Chlorine
British Use of Chlorine Gas
• Commander of British II Corps, Lt.Gen. Ferguson (officially) said of gas:
“It is a cowardly form of warfare which does not commend itself to me or other English soldiers.... We cannot win this war unless we kill or incapacitate more of our enemies than they do of us, and if this can only be done by our copying the enemy in his choice of weapons, we must not refuse to do so”
First attempt was a disaster as wind blew gas back into British Trenches. Also many British troops were not equipped with gas masks
Phosgene
• First Developed by the French in 1915• Odorless and hard to detect• Often used mixed with an equal volume of
chlorine, with the chlorine helping to spread the denser phosgene.
• Some of the symptoms of exposure took 24 hours or more to manifest
• 85% of the 100,000 deaths caused by chemical weapons during World War I
Blistering Agent
• Mustard gas
• Attacks any exposed, moist skin
• Eyes, lungs, armpits groin, etc….
• Caused huge blisters
• “Heavy” gas as it laid in areas for hours sometimes days
• Fatal victims sometimes took four or five weeks to die of mustard gas exposure.[32]
Poison Gas Victim: “It seemed as if my lungs were
gradually shutting up and my heart pounded away in my ears like the beat
of a drum. On looking at the chap next to me I felt sick, for green stuff
was oozing from the side of his mouth”