EHV Transmission

Issues, Technology & Growth

Presentation by N. S. Sodha

Executive DirectorLoad Despatch & Communication Department GridWeek Asia 2012

Indian Power System – An overview

Future Transmission Plan

Cross-Country Interconnection

Issues and Challenges

Outline

GridWeek Asia 2012

NER

ER

NR

WR

SR AN

DA

MA

N &

NIC

OB

AR

LAK

SH

AD

WE

EP

All figs. in MW

Indian Power System - Present

Installed Capacity –174,000 MW

Peak Demand –120,000 MW

Growth rate – 8-9% per annum

Per capita consumption– 750 kwh

Indian Power Sector- Overview

GridWeek Asia 2012

4

NEW Grid

SouthGrid

South

West

North

East

Northeast

Five Regional GridsFive Frequencies

October 1991East and Northeast

synchronized

March 2003West synchronized

With East & Northeast

August 2006North synchronized

With Central Grid

Central Grid

Five Regional GridsTwo Frequencies

Installed Capacity 174 GW

MERGINGOF

MARKETS

GridWeek Asia 2012

• 765kV/400kV lines: about1,03,000 ckms

• 220kV lines: about 132,000ckms

• HVDC Bipole(±500kV): 7,500ckms – 3 nos.

• HVDC Back-to-back: 7 nos.(3000MW)

• FSC – 22 nos.; TCSC – 6nos.

Transmission Network - Present

POWER MAP OF INDIA

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National Grid – A Continuing Process

National Grid – Present

Inter-regional Capacity –22,400MW

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NLDCEnsure integrated operation of National Grid

RLDCEnsure integrated operation of Regional Grid

SLDC Ensure integrated operation of State Grid

31

5

Grid Management Hierarchy

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Future Growth Plan

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Need of new initiatives in Transmission

Transmission growth driven by

Strong GDP growth – requiring

massive expansion of Power Sector

Uneven distribution of energy

resources

Change in generation profile

Growth Drivers

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Power Supply Scenario

100

152

218

437

323

2007 2012 2017 2022 2027Year

GW

Peak Demand

132220

306

575

425

2007 2012 2017 2022 2027Year

GW

Installed Capacity Requirement

End of X plan

During 12th

planDuring 13th

planDuring 11th

plan

Future Power Scenario

205

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Coal – In Central India ‾ Chhattisgarh : 58000 MW‾ Orissa : 30000 MW‾ Jharkhand : 15000 MW‾ Madhya Pradesh:16000 MW

Hydro – In North Eastern & Northern Himalayan region

Coastal based‾ Andhra Pradesh: 24000 MW‾ Tamil Nadu : 10000 MW‾ Gujarat : 11000 MW

Expected Installed Capacity (2025) : 6,00,000MW

Lara

Partabpur

Talcher/Ib Valley

Krishnapatnam

NEPAL

KorbaBhopalIndore

Tadri

Girye

Kaiga

Thiruvananthapuram

Pipavav

Kudankulam

SR

Bangalore

Kayamkulam

WR

Tarapur

Mumbai

Cuddalore

Ennore

Akaltara

Raipur

Hyderabad

RAPP

Gandhinagar

Mudra

Delhi

Ludhiana

NR

Jaipur

Jammu

Sasan

Vindhyachal

Lucknow

Load Centre Based GenerationUltra-Mega Generation

Hydro Based Generation

Coastal Generation

Coal Based generation

Nuclear generation

BhubaneswarDarlipali

Vizag

Simhadri

LEGEND

Load-Centre

NERGuwahati

Koderma

SIKKIM

Kolkata

ERPatna

NECKCHICKEN

BHUTAN

DESHBANGLA

MY

AN

MM

AR

Mangalore

KozhikodeSouth MadrasChennai

Energy resources (coal, water etc.) unevenly distributed

Energy Resources Map

GridWeek Asia 2012

36874

26783

15043

28600

14400

57000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Central Sector State Sector Private Sector

XI Plan

XII Plan

Change in Generation Profile

Central Sector State Sector Private Sector Total

36874 (47%) 26783(34%) 15043(19%) 78700

28600 (28%) 14400(15%) 57000 (57%) 100000

XI

XII GridWeek Asia 2012

Need of new initiatives in Transmission

Increased role of ISTS power transfer

Need of long distance Transmission system

Minimum use of land and Right-of-Way

Optimal cost per MW transmission

Optimal Transmission Losses

Adequate margin – to cater trading, contingencies

Implementation – Equipment availability,

manpower

Future Transmission Planning- Consideration

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High Voltage line

Increase the capacity of trans. corridor through

HSIL/re-conductoring with HTLS /Upgradation

Utilisation of transmission lines upto full thermal

capacity – Series capacitors, SVC, FACTS

Optimization of Tower design – tall tower, multi-ckt. tower

GIS substation

EHVAC : 400kV 765kV 1200kV

HVDC : 500kV 800kV

Technology being Adopted

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Road Map for Indian Power SystemHigh Power Intensity Corridor

200 ft. 750 ft.

RoW (m)

Capacity

(MW)

MW/m RoW

400kV S/c 52 500 9.6

400kV D/c 46 1000 21.8

765kV S/c 64 2500 39

765kV D/c 69 4000 58

800kV DC 70 6000 85

64 m230 m

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1977 1990 2000 2012 2017-18

Voltage (kV)

Year

220kV400kV

500kVHVDC

765kV800kVHVDC

Increase in Transmission voltage

Complexities with high voltage AC system

• Reactive Power Management

• Availability of switchgear

• Corona Loss

• Sustainability of grid during contingencies

Voltage Upgradation1200kV

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Road Map for Indian Power System

• Creation of 11 High Capacity Trans. Corridors for 55IPPs (55,000 MW) – about Rs. 65,000 Cr (USD 14 Bn)

• Ultra Trans. System for 6 UMPPs (24000MW) – Rs.29,000 Cr (USD 6 Bn)

• Transmission system for DVC generation projects(5000MW) – Rs. 11,000 Cr. (USD 2.5 Bn)

• Transmission system for Evacuation of power fromNER & Bhutan – Rs. 11,000 Cr. (USD 2.5 Bn)

Few Major Transmission Projects

GridWeek Asia 2012

Proposed 11 nos. High Capacity Transmission Corridors for IPP Projects

GridWeek Asia 2012

National Grid – A Continuing Process

2240028000

70000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

Present By 2011-12 By 2016-17

Emerging National Grid

Expected Cumulative Growth of Inter-regional capacity in MW

GridWeek Asia 2012

Long-term Open Access Applications received: 187 nos.(incl. UMPP)

– Capacity : about 1,77,000 MW – Generation commissioning schedule indicated as 2011-12 to 2016-17

• All the applications processed. Based on the progress of projects,LTOA granted as under:

– LTOA granted : 1,16,257 MW (135 nos.)

System already in place : about 43,435 MW

System finalised : about 72,822 MW

(11 High Capacity Corridors , UMPP/other strength.)

– Balance: abt. 61000 MW, 52 Nos LTA applications processed.Progress of Generation projects not upto the mark. It was decided toclose/review the application based on subsequent progress.

Long-term Open Access Applications from IPPs for generation projects

GridWeek Asia 2012

Road Map for Indian Power System

• Lot of uncertainty in actual materialization ofgeneration capacity compared to the projected one

• Non firming up of end customers of the power

• Penalty clause as per BPTA in case of Transmissionnot coming up by the committed date

• Commercial disputes in case Tr. system materializesbut generation gets delayed/deferred

• Technical problems in operation of the system inabsence of planned generation

Issues with Tr. system for IPPs

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Expansion Programme for next 5-6 years(POWERGRID)

Transmission Line : 50,000 ckm

• 765kV – 17120 ckm

• 400kV – 22000 ckm

• 220kV/132kV – 1230 ckm

• HVDC - 9630 ckm

Substations : about 109,400 MVA (60 nos.)

• 765kV – 88,000 MVA

• 400kV – 7560 MVA

• 220kV/132kV – 840 MVA

• HVDC - 13,000 MVA

Estimated Investment – Rs. 120,000 Cr (USD 26 Bn) GridWeek Asia 2012

Equipment Requirement (POWERGRID)

765 kV 400 kV 220/132 KV

ICT 500 MVA , 1 , -175 nos

500 MVA , 3 , - 15 nos

100 MVA , 3 , - 9 nos

Circuit Breaker

500 nos 460 nos 70 nos

Isolator 1100 nos 1140 nos 210 nos

Current Transformer

1470 nos 1572 nos 140 nos

CVT 720 nos 684 nos 288 nos

Surge Arrestor 1200 nos 900 nos 200 nos

GridWeek Asia 2012

Line Material Requirement(POWERGRID)

Conductor : 5 to 6 lakh kms

Tower Parts : 25 lakh to 30 lakh MT

Insulators : 350 to 400 lakhs disc units

Hardware fittings : 3.5 to 4 lakhs sets

Spacer Dampers : 20-25 lakh nos

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Cross-Country Interconnection

GridWeek Asia 2012

• Geographically widely

spread Indian Grid can

facilitate interconnections

with Neighboring countries

• India can provide a good

demand market to harness

energy resources of other

countries

• Optimal utilisation of

energy resources

India

Nepal

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Interconnection with neighbouring Countries

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• 220kV Interconnection from Chukha HEP (4x84 MW)

• 132kV Interconnection from Kurichu HEP (4x15 MW)

• 400kV Interconnection from Tala HEP (6x170 MW = 1020 MW)

• Future Interconnection planned with Punatsanchu HEP I & II

India – Bhutan: Interconnection

GridWeek Asia 2012

EVACUATION FROM POWER PROJECTS IN BHUTAN

LEGEND

400 KV LINE220 KV LINE132 KV LINE

Future Transmission System

SIKKIM

ASSAM

ARUNACHALPRADESH

BHUTAN

BANGLADESH

BTPS

Siliguri

Balipara

BornagarSalakati

Dhaligaon

Agia

Rangia

Guwahati

Birpara

Dalkhola

Purnea

GeylegphugNganglam

Tintibi

Siliguri

Tala(1020MW)

(132 KV)

(220

KV

)

Kurichhu(60MW)

Pemaghatshel

Deothang

KanglungKilikhar

Tangmachu

Amingaon

Gohpur

Teesta-V

Malbase

Punatsangchu-I(1200MW)

Kishan

HVDCTO

AGRA(NR)

Bongaigaon

Ganj

Teesta-III / Rangpo

Punatsangchu-II(990MW)

(208MW)Nikhachu

(336MW)Chukha

(4000MW)Sankosh

Alipurduar

+ 800kV 6000MW HVDC Bipole line

BishwanathChariyali

Mangdechu(720MW)

Chamkharchu-I(670MW)

Quad Moose

Qua

d

Tali-buli

JigmelingLhamoizingkha

+ 800kV 6000MW HVDC Bipole line

(900MW)Wangchu

GridWeek Asia 2012

BOGRASOUTH

BHERAMARA

NAOGAON

NIAMATPUR

FARRAKA

SUBHASGRAM

KATWA

GOKARNA

JEERATKHULNA(SOUTH)

BOTTAIL

BAHARAMPUR

CH. NAWABGANJ

RAGHUNATHGANJ

KA

HA

LGA

ON

SAGARDIGHI

RAJSHAHI

BAHARAMPURISHURDI

NATORE

KHEJURIA

FARIDPUR

BAGHABARI

GHORASAL

MA

DH

OP

UR

SHAHJAD

PABNA PUR

SIRAJGANJ

BOGRA

INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN INDIA AND BANGLADESH GRIDS

400 kV230 kV132 kV

THE PROJECTLEGEND

BAKRESHWAR

KOLAGHAT

BANGLADESH

INDIA

400kV D/c

(400 KV)

MALDA

DHULIAN

DURGAPUR

ExistingUnder Constr. / Future

JAYPURHAT BARAPUKURIA

GridWeek Asia 2012

• Scope

– Establishment of 400kV Sw. Stn. at

Baharampur(India) by LILO of Farakka-Jeerat

400kV S/c line

– Baharampur(India) – Bheramara(Bangladesh)

400kV D/c line – 85 kms + 40 kms.

– Installation of 500MW HVDC back-to-back station

at Bheramara(Bangladesh).

• The target date of commissioning : 2012

India – Bangladesh Interconnection

GridWeek Asia 2012

185 Kms

50 Kms

150 Kms

Proposed Route for Interconnection

Madurai

Rameshwaram

Anuradhapura

Talaimannar

India – Sri Lanka Interconnection

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Road Map for Indian Power System

• Creation of reliable repairing facilities & developmentof indigenous manufacturing capacity

• Need to establish reliable testing facilities for EHV andUHV

• Development of Smart Grid for real-time monitoring ofdynamic state and optimal utilisation of facilities

Issues & Challenges

GridWeek Asia 2012

Road Map for Indian Power System

• Issues concerning availability of RoW and

same are becoming critical –– Resistance of people, terrains in areas of mountains and

forest

• Sector to grow from 174 GW to 600 GW in next 20years – Even 765kV system may not be good enough.New methods have to be found out

• Cable manufacturers need to Research & developcables which could be more cost effective

• Increasing magnitude of power transmission & createnew challenges of proper O&M

Issues & Challenges

GridWeek Asia 2012

for your kind attention please

sodha@powergridindia.com91-9717890988(M)

GridWeek Asia 2012