point comfort dacum final

DACUMAn Analysis of A Job

James R. Neaves512-843-9007

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.jrneaves.com/

Procedural Steps:

Orientation of the Committee.

Review of the Occupation.

Identify General Areas of Responsibility.

Identify Specific Tasks Performed.

Review/Refine Duty and Task Statements.Knowledge and Skill Requirements of the job.

Desirable Worker Behaviors (Attitudes and Traits)

Tools, Equipment, Supplies and Materials.

Terminology and/or Acronyms

• Rank and seniority are left at the door• Everyone participates equally• Share ideas freely• Hitchhike on each other’s ideas• One person speaks at a time• Keep on track • Offer constructive suggestions rather than

criticism• Consider and reconsider all task and duty

statements carefully• Don’t use references• Observers cannot participate• HAVE FUN, but not too much (of course)!

DACUM Ground Rules

Introduction of Team members

• Please print you name on the “tent” in front of you.

• When asked, describe your job to the team.

• Tell us the number of years on the job.

United States Navy:• Served aboard submarines• Electrician’s Mate First Class• Nuclear Reactor Electrical Systems Operator (power plant operator and

power distribution)• Electrical Maintenance

Background/Experience

Education• Master of Science in Educational Media• Bachelor of Science in Art• BSI ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Training • Certified DACUM Facilitator Training

Work Experience• Consulting; J/R/Neaves Consulting, since 1997

• Alcoa Locations• Rockdale Works• Point Comfort• Warrick• AFS: Torrance, City of Industry, Fullerton• AWA: Jamalco St. Jago Bauxite Mines

• Consulting in the Papermaking Industry: Boise Cascade, International Paper, Champion Paper, First Urban Fiber

• Marketing at Texas Instruments and Tandem Computers• Illinois State University; Media Services Graphic Production Unit Manager

What is a DACUM Job Analysis?

• An acronym for Developing A Curriculum• A process for analysis of :

• a job • an occupation • a process• a function

Orientation of the Committee

DACUM Philosophy:

Expert workers can describe and define their job more accurately than anyone else.

An effective way to describe a job is to define the task that expert workers perform.

All tasks, in order to be performed correctly, demand certain knowledge, skills, tools, and attitudes.

Orientation of the Committee

• All duty and task statements contain a single verb, an object and one or more qualifiers.

• The same task can only appear once.• Duties and tasks are logically sequenced.• There are generally 6 to 12 duties per job and 4 or

more tasks in each duty.• Lists of knowledge, behaviors, tools and trends are

developed.• A majority of the committee represents expert

workers.

Some More Rules

Review of the Occupation

DACUM Job Analysis Chart

Duty A Task A1 Task A2 Task A3 Task A4 Task A5 Task A6 Task A7

Duty B Task B1 Task B2 Task B3 Task B4 Task B5 Task B6

Duty C Task C1 Task C2 Task C3 Task C4 Task C5

Duty D Task D1 Task D2 Task D3 Task D4 Task D5 Task D6 Task D7

Duty E Task E1 Task E2 Task E3 Task E4

Duty F Task F1 Task F2 Task F3 Task F4 Task F5 Task F6 Task F7

Identify General Areas of Responsibility

What is the difference between a Duty and a Task?

A Duty is an arbitrary grouping of related Tasks.

A Task is a specific observable and measurable unit of work that has a beginning and an end, and can be performed independent of other tasks.


Describes a large area of work in performance terms

Serves as a title for a cluster of related tasks

Is a general, not specific, statement of work that is performed

Is a meaningful, stand alone statement without reference to a job

Usually 6 to 12 duties per job

Duty:


Tasks:

Have a definite beginning and an end.

Can be performed over a short period of time.

Can be performed independent of other work.

Consists of two or more steps.

Can be observed and measured.

Result in a product, service or decision.

Usually 6 to 20 tasks per duty

Smallest unit of work with a useful outcome.


Tasks Statements:

Concisely described in performance terms.

Reflect a meaningful unit of work.

Contain an action verb and an object that receives the action.

May contain one or more relevant qualifiers, but not “effectively” or “efficiently”.

Avoid references to tools and equipment that merely support task performances.

Are explicit, precise, and stand alone.

Avoid references to knowledge and attitudes needed.

Identify Specific Tasks Performed

Developing Task Statements:

The components of a Task Statement are:

Verb – The verb must be in the first person singular, active voice. (e.g., select, prepare, maintain, organize, instruct, etc.)

Object – The The object is the thing acted upon by the worker. (e.g., reports, equipment, records, customers, etc.)

Qualifier – Qualifiers are words or phrases used to limit or modify Task statements. (e.g., “precision measuring”, “as ordered”)


Examples of Action Verbs:

..prepare, conduct, write, set, illustrate, relate, record, trace, predict, verify, justify, modify, convert, explain, key, weld, build, mix, test, acquire, generate, coordinate, define, approve, assemble, align, identify, cut, install, shape, maintain, interpret, perform, develop, manage, follow, protect, apply, order, grind, compare, determine, judge, test, calculate, receive, verify, inspect, gather, negotiate, implement, lubricate, plan, diagnose, establish, sort, solder, paint, endorse, process, rotate, recommend, review, conduct….

The worker must be able to…..


General Occupational Definition:

Contains the following elements:

A specific Occupational title (WHO).

A main verb, or verbs, that describe observable performance (WHAT).

A statement of purposes (WHY).

Some possible methods or techniques (HOW).

Example: A Health Unit Coordinator (WHO) is one who coordinates patient scheduling and processing (WHAT) by managing various clerical and medical activities (HOW) to ensure a smooth flow of information and function within the health unit (WHY).

Review/Refine Duty and Task Statements

R-84 Control Room Operator Definition:

Contains the following elements:

A specific Occupational title (WHO).

A main verb, or verbs, that describe observable performance (WHAT).

A statement of purposes (WHY).

Some possible methods or techniques (HOW).

Example: An R-84 Control Room Operator (WHO) is one who controls the aluminum fluoride production processes (WHAT) by monitoring and managing various system parameters using the Honeywell automatic controls and manual controls (HOW) to ensure aluminum fluoride product is produced safely and with good quality (WHY).


Your Job

Those above you.

Your peers.Your peers.

Those below you.

When you think about the tasks you perform…..


Job/Duty/Task/Step Examples:

Example 1:

Job:Duty:

Step:

Task:

Home OwnerMaintain the Yard.Mow the lawn.Start the mower.

Example 2:

Job:Duty:

Step:Task:

HomemakerPrepare meals.Bake cookies.Mix ingredients


In order to perform a job, you must perform its Duties. In order to,perform its Duties,

you must perform its Tasks. In order to perform its Tasks, you

must perform its Steps.

Each DACUM participant will write down 10 job related activities (tasks) they could perform on any day. You have a yellow pad of paper, pencils and a sharpener.

Next:

We will compile a list of the of the tasks.

We will organize the tasks in logical groups. (Duties)

We will organize the tasks in logical sequence.

We will identify related or prior knowledge required to perform the tasks.

Lets get started!