p.o box 01, phnom penh, cambodia · nism-gpa, with the information on the “common tables” was...

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Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI)

P.O Box 01, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

National Road #3, Sangkat Prateah Lang, Khan Dangkor, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia

Tel: (855) 23 6319 693\4

Email: [email protected]

Website: www.cardi.org.kh

Contact Person

Dr. Ouk Makara, Director, CARDI


Mr. Ty Channa, Deputy Director, CARDI and Project Leader


Mr. Mom Sovanna, IT Specialist, Training and Information Center, CARDI and Project Assistant


Mr. Thorng Ra, Training Assistant, Training and Information Center, CARDI and Project Assistant


Cover Page Design

Mr.Try Soksan, Publication Assistant, Training and Information Center, CARDI

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Final Report on

The Establishment of the National Information Sharing Mechanism (NISM) on the

Implementation of the Global Plan of Action (GPA) for the Conservation and Utilization of

Plant Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture in Cambodia

The Cambodian Agricultural Resource and Development Institute September 2011

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Acronyms

ACIAR Australian Center for International Agricultural Research

AVRDC Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center World Vegetable Center

CARDI Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute

CBD Convention on Biological Diversity

CIAP Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project

CRKB Cambodian Rice Knowledge Bank

CWR Crop Wild Relative

GDA General Directorate of Agriculture

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

FAO-RAP FAO Regional for Asia and the Pacific

GPA Global Plan of Action

ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

IRRI International Rice Research Institute

MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

MoE Ministry of Environment

NFP National Focal Point

NGO Non-Government Organization

NISM National Information Sharing Mechanism

PGR Plant Genetic Resources

PGRFA Plant Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture

SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

SH Stakeholder

SWR State of the World Report

RGC Royal Government of Cambodia

RUA Royal University of Agriculture

RUPP Royal University of Phnom Penh

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme

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Content

Acronysm ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- II

Content ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- III

I. Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

II. Overview of the Cambodian NISM-GPA Establishment Process ----------------------------------- 2

1.Preparatory Phase ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2

2.Implementation Phase-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

3.Reporting Phase -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

III.Data analysis and Finding -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

A.In situ Conservation and Development ----------------------------------------------------------- 6

B.Ex situ Conservation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7

C.Utilization of Plant Genetic Resource ------------------------------------------------------------ 10

D.Capacity Building and Institution ----------------------------------------------------------------- 13

IV.Lesson Learned From the Process of NISM Establishment and GPA Monitoring Process ------ 17

A. Achievements during the NISM establishment and GPA monitoring ------------------------ 17

B. Constraints During Implementation the NISM-GPA ------------------------------------------ 17

C. Plan for Maintenance and Improvement of the NISM-GPA ---------------------------------- 17

D. Obstacles to use of NISM-GPA Software ------------------------------------------------------- 18

E. Maintenance and Solutions ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18

V. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19

Annexes

Annex1: List of Stakeholders -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

Annex 2: List of institutions known as the stakeholder list of NISM-GPA ---------------------------- 23

Annex 3: List of Projects/Activities related to PGRFA in Cambodia ----------------------------------- 31

Annex 4: List of Cultivars released by Plant Breeding Program of CARDI --------------------------- 38

Annex 5: List of Publications related to PGRFA ---------------------------------------------------------- 41

Annex 6: Indigenous vegetable germplasm collected from three provinces in Cambodia classified

according to species ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47

Annex 7: List of collected upland weeds ------------------------------------------------------------------- 48

Annex 8: Table of forest types in Cambodia in 2006 ----------------------------------------------------- 49

Annex 9: Change in forest cover in Cambodia 1965-2006 ----------------------------------------------- 50

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Annex 10: Areas protected by the Royal Degree of 1993 (Ministry of Environment 2009) --------- 50

Annex 11: Protected areas (Forestry Administration 2003) ---------------------------------------------- 50

Annex 12: Priority tree for gene conservation in Cambodia --------------------------------------------- 51

Annex 13: Species in gene conservation stands in Cambodia ------------------------------------------- 51

Annex 14: Pictures of the implementation of NISM-GPA ----------------------------------------------- 52

Annex 15: Brochure of NISM-GPA-PGRFA in Cambodia ---------------------------------------------- 57

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I. INTRODUCTION On 7 July 2002 the Royal Government of Cambodia accepted the International Treaty on Plant

Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, which was approved by the FAO Conference at its 31st

session in November 2001 pursuant to its Article 26 and undertook to abide by its provisions.

Plant genetic resources (PGR) are considered an important part of cultural heritage, national identity

and resources. PGR are the basis for food security and safety. The International Treaty on Plant

Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) is therefore crucial for the sustainable

conservation of plant genetic resources’ and food security. For this reason, the government is

actively engaged in addressing issues such as: The development of plant varieties that can be

adapted to different tastes and growing conditions; How to elaborate a system where the richness of

nature may be used for research and breeding programs; Adaptation of crops to changing

environments and the challenges of increasing food production.

The Royal Government of Cambodia is a committed to participating in the international processes

with the aim of sustainable development, germplasm conservation and sustainable use of genetic

resources. To this end Cambodia is a Contracting Country to the “International Treaty on Plant

Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture” since this is also closely related to the fulfillment of

the UN Millennium Development Goals.

The project “Capacity Building and Enhanced Regional Collaboration for the Conservation

and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resource in Asia” (GCP/RAS/240/JPN) is implemented

by the FAO Regional Office for the Asia and the Pacific. The project funded by the government of

Japan aims (1) to promote the implementation of the twenty priority activity areas of the GPA for

the conservation and sustainable utilization of PGRFA; and (2) to contribute to the establishment of

a continuing monitoring framework of the GPA implementation at national and regional levels and

a mechanism for gathering and sharing information, as well as for priority setting for GPA

implementation.

The Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI) became the project

member after signing of an LOA between CARDI and Food and Agriculture of United Nation

(FAO) on November 17, 2009. The purpose of the project is to strengthen capacity and

collaboration on PGRFA, and particularly institutionalizing regular updating of National

Information Sharing Mechanism of Global Plan of Action (NISM-GPA) PGRFA database which is

the main monitoring mechanism of the GPA. The project activities are aimed to support Cambodia

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incorporate broad based and up-to-date information on PGRFA into the Cambodian NISM-GPA

database and strengthen PGR activities in Cambodia.

CARDI has become the National Focal Point (NFP) institution. The project implementation of the

NISM establishment, its outputs and findings are presented in this report.

II. OVERVIEW OF THE CAMBODIA NISM-GPA ESTABLISHMENT

PROCESS

The activities involved in NISM-Cambodia establishment process can be divided into three phases:

preparatory, implementation, and reporting. The implementation of NISM-GPA involved

stakeholders throughout the country. The information from relevant stakeholders was accumulated

into the NISM database and their views were solicited during workshops and trainings.

1. PREPARATORY PHASE

The CARDI started to identify stakeholders and review available data for incorporation into the

NISM database after signing of the LOA with FAO. The project’s technical working group under

the Training and Information Center of CARDI translated the technical documents of Indicator and

Reporting Format for Monitoring the Implementation of GPA and the Guide “Towards the National

Information Sharing Mechanism on the Implementation of the GPA” and its establishment in the

Cambodian national language (Khmer) for distribution to stakeholders. Based on the translation of

the Indicator and Reporting Format, the Khmer version of the NISM-GPA computer application

was developed with the assistance from FAO.

On 18-19th January 2010 the project’s technical working group participated in a training on the

NISM-GPA at CARDI, instructed by the international Consultants, Dr. Duncan Vaughan and Dr.

Rakesh Agrawal. The aim of this training was to explain how to use the National Information

Sharing Mechanism software.

The first stakeholders meeting was held in June 2010, the purpose of this meeting is to raise the

awareness of PGRFA and the GPA and to seek stakeholder’s permission to carrying out the

project’s activities. In order to gain support for the above mentioned activity, the project published

3,000 copies of brochures in the Khmer language and distributed them to the management of

MAFF, Departments under MAFF, Provincial Departments of Agriculture, relevant institutions,

libraries, NGOs and other targeted stakeholders. In total, 18 national stakeholders working on

PGRFA were involved in the NISM-GPA establishment and identification of priority activity areas

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of the GPA. The needs of the stakeholders with respect to their participation in these activities were

identified.

2. IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

The implementation phase's activities involved organization of national SH meetings and

workshops, data gathering, compilation, analysis and developing the Cambodian NISM-GPA

website. The activities of the implementation phase were undertaken as follows.

1.1 The First Stakeholder Meeting

The first stakeholder meeting was held at CARDI on June 2010 and aimed to discuss the GPA

objectives and review the 20 priority activity areas of GPA with relevant SHs. In total, 21

participants representing 8 different and relevant institutions attended the meeting. The roles and

responsibilities of stakeholder for the NISM establishment were also defined.

The meeting was moderated by Mr. Ty Channa, deputy director of CARDI and National Focal

Point (NFP) of the project. Mr. Mom Sovanna, IT Specialist and Mr. Thorng Ra, Assistant to

Project facilitated the meeting. The significance of NISM-GPA and its objectives were introduced

to the SHs with emphasized on the 20 priority activity areas of the GPA and key SHs involved. In

addition, the types of information (indicators, reporting format, and guideline for the national

process), common tables, and computer application were presented to SHs during the meeting.

Moreover, the responsibilities of SHs were defined and discussed among SHs and they agreed to

establish the NISM-GPA. They require benefits when taking part in the NISM-GPA project and

sub-agreements should be approved by institutions or head of institutions with the NFP. In this case,

the head of institutions appoint a staff member to work with the NFP.

In order to measure the capacity and available facilities of each SHs for NISM-GPA establishment,

a questionnaire for the 20 priority activity areas was translated into Khmer and provided to the

participants to answer. Based on the results obtained, needs of SHs were identified and appropriate

actions taken to assist the SHs to gather and compile data and information were refined, including

direct individual training for SHs on the use of the computer software.

1.2 The Second Stakeholder Training Workshop on the Establishment of NISM for

the Monitoring the GPA Implementation

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The second stakeholder training-workshop was conducted on November 29-30th, 2011 at CARDI.

This meeting aimed to train the Stakeholders on the use of the Khmer version (Khmer-NISM-GPA)

of the computer application to answer the questions and add data to common tables of the indicators

and reporting format for monitoring the GPA. The updated and revised “Common Tables” were

discussed among SHs, and the stakeholder’s version of the computer application of the Khmer-

NISM-GPA, with the information on the “Common Tables” was created for distribution to the

stakeholders. The establishment of the NISM for the Implementation of the GPA in the context of

the current project will have the following purposes:

Enhance the ability of the countries to assess the current status of PGR and monitor the GPA

implementation, including changes in the status of their PGR over time.

Establish a national mechanism for gathering and sharing information on GPA

implementation to enhance coordination of plans and activities on conservation and

sustainable utilization of PGRFA amongst stakeholders at national and regional levels.

Increase understanding among stakeholders about the status of the PGR in their countries,

and build stronger partnerships among stakeholders.

Improving the ability of countries on decision-making on the conservation and sustainable

use of PGR, including priority setting and resources allocation.

Enhance the capability of countries to meet international reporting obligations (such as GPA

implementation, Second Report of the State of the World’s PGRFA, etc.) and to publicize

their activities internationally.

The expected outputs of the conducted workshop training were stated the following:

The importance and purpose of establishing the Khmer-NISM-GPA in the country and of

updating of the “Common Tables” as the baseline information before SHs to use the

computer application to the answer the questions are well understood.

SHs are fully committed to establishing the Khmer-NISM-GPA and trained on the use of the

computer application. Information and data for the “Common Tables” revised and updated.

SH CDs of the Khmer-NISM-GPA computer application created for the registered SHs,

with the information in the “Common Tables” updated for use by SHs to answer the

questions or add information to the common tables on specific activities that they are

involved, or make comments or suggestions for implementation of GPA in any areas they

wish.

Timelines for submission of data and information from the SHs to NFP developed and

agreed upon by creating the contract between NFP and SHs, including content, format and

timelines for data collection and reporting discussed and agreed, including the procedures

for the compilation and preparation of country reports.

During the training-workshop, the project’s technical working group presented guidance on

entering, editing and correcting data into the 9 common tables. Khmer-NISM-GPA software

including software setting, registering, putting in, exporting out data, correcting, deleting and

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invaliding were practiced by stakeholders and trainers. At the end of the training session, SHs

registered to get CD-GPA software and the commitment of SHs to provide the data back to NFP.

Table 1: List of institution registered and supplied the data to Cambodia NISM-GPA

No Institutions/organizations 1 Plant Breeding Division of CARDI 2 Department of Rice Crop (MAFF) 3 Department of Horticulture and Crops (MAFF) 4 Department of Crop Industry (MAFF) 5 Agricultural Information and Documentation Center (MAFF) 6 Department of Natural Conservation and Protection (MoE) 7 Department Natural Resource Assessment and Environmental Data Management (MoE)8 Graduate School of RUA 9 Department of Biology (RUPP)

1.3 The 3rd stakeholder meeting

The 3rd stakeholder meeting was held at CARDI, on February 9, 2011. The SHs were advised to

make the presentation related to the data they compiled into the database of NISM-GPA software.

The presentation includes the information in the Common Table, answering to the 20 priority

activity areas and their difficulties. After that the participants reviewed and discussed the

constraints. Suggestions were made regarding data collection and answering to the 20 priority

activity areas of GPA.

The zip files were sent back to NFP and merged into the NFP’s main database for validation and

creation the national database. Based on the data and information available, a draft synthesis report

was prepared and presented to the SHs at the 4th workshop for their review and comments.

1.4 The 4th Training-Workshop

The 4th Training-Workshop on “The National Information Sharing Mechanism on the

implementation of Global Plan of Action (NISM-GPA) for the conservation and Sustainable

Utilization of Plant Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture in Cambodia” was held at CARDI

on 27-28th July 2011 with 36 participants form different relevant stakeholders attending this

important Training-Workshop. The main purposes of the Training-Workshop were: to discuss and

consult with stakeholders about the draft of final report on the Establishment of NISM-GPA for the

Conservation and Sustainable Use of PGRFA in Cambodia, to review and revise the Cambodian

NISM-GPA website before releasing the database on the internet and linking to the WISM site at

FAO headquarters. Also to ask the permission of the SHs to link their institution’s website to

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Cambodian NISM-GPA site and to train the participants on how to use the Computer Application of

NISM-GPA and how to search the information on PGRFA in Cambodian NISM-GPA and WISM

databases.

3. REPORTING PHASE

The set of the 20 priority activity areas and common tables were exported to the Excel files for data

management and data analysis. These files were used in preparation of the draft report of the

establishment of the NISM on the implementation of the GPA for Conservation and Utilization of

PGRFA, and current state and priority for the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA in

Cambodia.

The draft analysis report was prepared and discussed at the 4th SH workshop. This final analysis

report included the views and comments from the workshop participants, and the report on the state

of Cambodia PGRFA will be based on the information gathered through the NISM-GPA.

The project has developed a website on the NISM-GPA in Cambodia and the database has been

placed on the website for access by SHs and other interested users. The information can be accessed

through the Internet address: www.nismcambodia.org

III. DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING

A. In-Situ Conservation and Development

In-situ conservation and development is one of the 4 priority activity areas of the Global Plan of

Action. The activities of this part are the following:

- Activity area 1: Surveying and Inventorying Plant Genetic Resources for Food and

Agriculture.

- Activity area 2: Supporting On-Farm Management and Improvement of Plant Genetic

Resources for Food and Agriculture.

- Activity area 3: Assisting Farmers in Disaster Situations to Restore Agricultural Systems.

- Activity area 4: Promoting In situ Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives and Wild Plants for

Food Production.

The activities related to in-situ conservation of plant genetic resource or on farm conservation of

native landraces diversity and Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) are almost nonexistent in Cambodia.

According to the data provided by the SHs, the activities related to in situ conservation are very

limited due to lack of facilities, human resources to handle plant genetic resources, and fund.

Fortunately, Cambodia has a protected area system that promotes in situ conservation. Cambodia

has 23 protected areas covering 3.3 million ha (MoE, 2004) including seven national parks, ten

wildlife sanctuaries, three protect landscapes and three multiple use areas (Jady Smith, 2004). The

protected areas play a significant role in preservation of plant genetic resources, but these areas are

poorly documented due to lack of research facilities, limited human and financial resources.

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There are the serious gaps in the information pertaining to the distribution of wild species in

Cambodia. Therefore, the project “In situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources for

Development Value in Northeast Provinces of Cambodia” was developed and submitted to the

ASEAN Cooperation in Food, Agriculture and Forestry. The project play as the significant role in

(1) identify valuable plant genetic resource that exist in the region, (2) identifies suitable approaches

to use potential PGR of developmental value (3) improving knowledge of PGR to policy makers,

researchers and farmer communities, (4) promoting linkage between all parties involved in

including CARDI, Forestry Administration and Ministry of Environment for PGR conservation and

(5) promotes eco-tourism in this region of the country. The project was approved by ASEAN Body,

but implementation was suspended due to institutional constraints.

A project was proposed to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resource for Food and

Agriculture (ITPGRFA). The project aimed (1) information exchange, technology transfer and

capacity-building (2) managing and conserving plant genetic resources on-farm (3) the sustainable

use of plant genetic resources, through participatory plant breeding and the distribution of

appropriate seed and planting materials.

In the forestry sector, the first list of 21 priority tree species for gene conservation in Cambodia was established during the Second Forest Gene Conservation Meeting on January 29, 2002, organized by Cambodia Tree Seed Project. The identification and selection of priority tree species was based on the value of present and future uses of various plants, their relevance to contemporary tree planting programs and subsistence economies, as well as their conservation status.

The greatest constraints to surveying and inventorying of PGRFA and the major limitations to on-

farm management and improvement of PGRFA in Cambodia are:

Insufficient financial support

Insufficient human resources

Staff do not have sufficient skills

Inadequate incentives provided to farmer

Insufficient seed or planting material

B. Ex-Situ Conservation

Cambodia has a lack of facilities for an ex-situ conservation of PGR such as botanical garden,

herbaria, seed and gene banks. The gene bank constructed by the Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project

(CIAP) and CARDI has, 2557 accessions of local rice germplasm that are maintained under

medium term conservation conditions. These materials are safety duplicated at IRRI for long term

conservation. In the forestry sector, the Cambodia Tree Seed Project was implemented by

collaboration between Danish International Development Assistance (DANIDA) and the Forestry

Administration (FA) of MAFF, indigenous and priority tree species were identified for forest gene

conservation and seed procurement. Due to lack of awareness and coordination, the representative

from FA was absent in the first stakeholder meeting of the establishment of the NISM for the

Implementation of the GPA, so the related information is not known.

Activity area 5: Sustaining Existing Ex situ Collections

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PGR in Cambodia are poorly documented due to both the lack of human resources and insufficient

funding. Ex situ collection was limited to rice genetic resources. In the early 1970s, 756 of

traditional cultivars were collected and stored at IRRI genebank (Sahai et la, 1992a). The next effort

to collect rice germplasm was between 1989 and 1990 and 1270 accessions were collected (Sahai et

al, 1992a). The third collection was carried out from 1990 to 1991, 348 accessions were collected

from 13 provinces (Sahai et al, 1992b). And the fourth collection was implemented from 1992 to

1997 in 19 provinces, 939 of rice germplasm were collected (Javier et al, 1999). So far a total of

3313 accessions are being conserved at CARDI and safe duplicated at IRRI for the long term

conservation (Makara and Sophany, 2009).

Collection indigenous vegetable germplasm was conducted from 20 January to 2 February, 2005 by

collaboration between Kbal Koh Vegetable Research Station and the Asian Vegetable Research and

Development Center (AVRDC). The targeted provinces were Battambang, Banteay Meanchey, and

Siem Reap. A total of 212 accessions of 39 species, subspecies or cultivar groups were collected,

with the most accessions being Solanum melongena (22 accessions), Luffa aegyptiaca (20) and

Cucumis sativus (18) (Altoveros, 2005).

The collection of wild rice relative was conducted for first time in 1988 in 4 provinces (Vaughan,

1990). The species collected were O. nivara, O. rufipogon and O. nivara x O rufipogon. The next

collaborative effort was conducted in 1996 and 1997 between IRRI and Cambodia-IRRI-Australia-

Project (CIAP). From 12th to 13th October 1996, 5 samples of wild rice were collected from

Cambodia. They were O. nivara, O. rufipogon and O. nivara x O rufipogon, O. sativa and O.

ridleyi (Lu, 1996). From 18th to 22nd November 1997, IRRI and CIAP collaborated in exploring

and collecting wild species of rice mainly in the Kampong Speu province, Cambodia. A total of 79

samples were collected and the species composition was O. nivara, O. rufipogon and O. nivara x O

rufipogon, and O. sativa f. spontanea (Lu, 1997). All seed samples both landraces and its wild

relatives were brought to IRRI for the conservation.

Table 2: The total amount of accessions conserve in CARDI’s gene bank

Crops Accessions/Samples Crops Accessions/Samples

Rice (Rejuvenate) 2595 Maize 20

Banana 150 Mungbean 12

Chili 35 Soybean 18

Sugarcane 22 Sesame 10

Cassava 23 Sweet potato 9

Peanut 15 Tomato 30

Watermelon 2 Mango 2

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The most important constraints in sustaining the existing ex situ collections are:

Lack of funding

Insufficient staff

Lack of training

Insufficient equipment

Lack of facilities

Insufficient or irregular electrical supply

Lack of focused approach

Activity Area 6: Regenerating threatened ex situ accessions

Many accessions presently stored in gene banks require regeneration to prevent loss of viability and

consequent loss of genes or genotypes. Adequate amounts of seed and/or planting material must

also be maintained to meet users’ requests, and ensure genetic integrity of the accessions. For this

purpose, infrastructure is needed for periodic regeneration of accessions in suitable locations under

conditions designed to maintain the genetic integrity of material and coordination of regeneration

activities.

Achievements in this activity area were very limited and far from meeting the actual requirements.

Due to limited budget and negligence constraints, the activities relate to this priority activity area is

almost nonexistent. Only a small portion of them have been properly regenerated by CARDI. These

invaluable genetic materials can easily be lost if no urgent attempts made.

Activity Area 7: Supporting planned and targeted collecting of PGRFA

The significant of this area is to collect both major and minor crops including landraces, neglected

and under-utilized crops, crop wild relatives and other wild species. This activity aims at collecting

those species, ecotypes, landraces/farmers’ varieties or other cultivars, and associated information,

which are under threat. The activity also aims at filling gaps in the genetic diversity of existing

collections with well targeted and prioritized collecting.

Germplasm collection in Cambodia has been limited to rice genetic resources. The natural

populations of many species of landrace and crop wild relatives are increasingly at risk of extinction

or genetic erosion. They are being threatened primarily by habitat loss, degradation and

fragmentation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify priority species and areas for

conservation and to develop integrated in situ and ex situ conservation strategies to ensure that

existing crop wild relatives are protected for the future of Cambodia. To respond to these gaps, the

CARDI Corporate Plan 2011-2020 was developed and the key research activities were included.

Nevertheless, shortage of adequately trained technical staff, financial input and appropriate

methodology are still the main constraints for Cambodia.

Activity Area 8: Expanding Ex situ Conservation Activities

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This area of activity is aimed at developing alternative management strategies for ex situ

conservation of vegetative propagated and recalcitrant seeded plants, as well as for species

neglected in current conservation activities.

All rice accessions (2595) are stored in deep freezers at CARDI and safety duplication is at

International Rice Genetic Resources Center (IRGC), IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines. Due to lack of

financial support, there has been limited rejuvenation of conserved materials. Insufficient

equipment and staff are also the main constraints for CARDI gene bank management. Hence, the

Plant Breeding Program calls for the project to collect the remaining traditional material and

maintain and rejuvenate conserved materials in deep-freezer at CARDI.

C. UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES (PGR)

Activity Area 9: Expanding the Characterization, Evaluation and Number of Core Collections to Facilitate Use

A major limiting factor to increasing use of ex situ collections of PGRFA is inadequate

characterization and evaluation of accessions. Comprehensive characterization and evaluation of

accessions, using both conventional (e.g. agrobotanical) and new technologies (e.g. DNA

fingerprinting), focusing on smaller representative samples of large base collections of crops of both

national and global importance would promote use of preserved germplasm.

Projects concerning the establishment of PGRFA collections, the characterization and evaluation of

accessions were lead by the CARDI. However, the efforts were spent mainly for morphological

characters, while insufficient attention was given to such traits as resistance/tolerance to abiotic and

biotic stresses, and product quality. Moreover, because of various factors such as limitations in

financial resources, lack of appropriate equipment and trained staff, a rather large portion of all

accessions maintained ex situ have not been properly characterized, and only a few accessions

evaluated in term of the most important agricultural characters such as grain/seed quality, resistance

to pests and tolerance to drought. Moreover, in many cases, characterization and evaluation data

were not properly documented and systematized. The collections rather well characterized and

evaluated account for only a small portion of the existing ones, and belonging to the most important

crops, namely rice, maize, mungbean, tomato, watermelon, mango and banana.

Activity Area 10: Increasing Genetic Enhancement and Base-Broadening Efforts

Broadening the genetic base of crop species may be an effective way, although long-term, to ensure

continued progress in plant breeding and contribute to the stability of farming systems, as well as

crop response to farming conditions. This may be achieved by increasing genetic heterogeneity of

locally adapted varieties through introgression from exotic germplasm including wild crop relatives,

or large scale base broadening. For completeness of the survey, questions pertaining to other aspects

of plant breeding are also included under this activity area.

Regarding the data provided by stakeholders, the plant breeding division of CARDI has played the

most important role in the country in germplasm collection and conservation, variety development,

variety testing and screening, and seed production. Most of the accessions have been directly and

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indirectly used in breeding programs. Direct use refers to the use of local varieties through pure line

or mass selection. More than a thousand local varieties have been purified and tested across

different growing conditions and over many years. As results, 38 rice varieties in total have been

released for Cambodian farmers with the adaptation to different agro ecosystem. For other crops,

CARDI has released 4 varieties of mungbean, 3 varieties of mango, 2 varieties of tomato, 2

varieties of water-melon and 2 varieties of maize.

Activity Area 11: Promoting Sustainable Agriculture through Diversification of Crop Production and Broader Diversity in Crops

Low or lack of genetic variation within and among cultivars (genetic uniformity) is likely to

introduce a high level of risk in agricultural systems (genetic vulnerability). Therefore, concerted

efforts are needed to minimize the threat of genetic vulnerability. For this reason, reliable

assessment of genetic diversity is needed to ensure the desired level of genetic diversity (genetic

heterogeneity) among crop cultivars, and whenever possible within them.

Mono-cropping is a main complication for conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, and

undermines the sustainable development of agriculture. However, only recently diversification of

crop production and cropping systems has enjoyed significant attention. As mentioned, some

projects were carried out by CARDI for dissemination of the CARDI technology packages to

farmers. In order to promote the production of rice, mango, beans, maize, vegetables, and different

local vegetables these technological packages have been introduced to farmer communities aimed to

promote the sustainable agriculture in many locations in Cambodia.

Nevertheless, crop cultivation in Cambodia is largely dependent on traditional cultivars, old

primitive varieties and land races. Almost 80% of the area is cultivated with local, unimproved

varieties of rice, maize, sesame, vegetables and sweet potato. Traditionally farmers have been using

their own produce as seeds for the next crop. Mono-cropping of rice or some food crops (cassava

and maize) however still occur in large land areas in Cambodia, and the reasons for this include:

Undeveloped market system, and little and unstable market demands for diversity rich

products

Lack of good varieties of crops (seeds) other than rice

Customs of culturing rice or some other plants as the main and stable food crops.

Activity Area 12: Promoting Development and Commercialization of Under-Utilized Crops and Species

One of the remarkable evolutionary changes in agriculture is the increasing human dependence on

fewer crop species for food. However, hundreds of plant species are still being cultivated in many

parts of the world. Many of these species are useful sources of food and could be more widely used

directly or developed as human food by genetic and agronomic improvements. Efforts are needed

also to increase their market demand, value-added development and conservation.

The landraces, neglected and under-utilized crops, crop wild relatives and other wild species in

Cambodia have very limited documentation due to lack of financial support and trained staff.

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Promoting under-utilized crops and development and commercialization has been insufficient due

to lack of appropriate long-term strategic plan and suitable policies. Moreover, marketing of under-

utilized crops products is also difficult, so the farmers focused their attention mainly on the main

crops or plants that bring them immediate and clearly foreseen income for their livelihood such as

rice, mango, beans, and maize, and vegetables. Research is needed to demonstrate the benefits of

growing under-utilized plants to farmers that requires not only time and effort but also significant

financial inputs.

Activity Area 13: Supporting Seed Production and Distribution

The availability of seed and planting materials to farmers can be constrained by lack of seed

production and poor seed distribution systems. Activities in this area facilitate collaboration among

governmental, commercial and small-scale seed production and distribution agencies.

Each year, germplasm accessions from ex situ collections were used for plant breeding purposes.

Under several projects farmers were trained and could practice line and population selection for

recovery, testing, propagation, seed production and expansion of local varieties, especially of rice.

Success in the development of the propagation procedure and transfer on improved cultivation

techniques for some fruit and traditional plants also helped promote PGRFA conservation and

sustainable use, and crop seed production and supply. As a result, some local plants and varieties

have been propagated and reintroduced into production. Indigenous knowledge relating to PGRFA

has also been studied in some project sites for use in promoting PGRFA conservation, use and for

crop seed production.

Improving crop seed production and supply systems is still problematic in Cambodia due to

numerous factors, notably the lack of a reliable and restricted seed certification procedures and of

appropriate policies, improper management, inappropriate subsidies, and inadequate participation.

Although farmers have been provided with some supports to produce seeds this was restricted only

to a few main crops and several locations, and local seed producers and communities often face

difficulties in selling their seeds as bigger producers normally have more advantages, particularly

with respect to pricing.

Activity Area 14: Developing new markets for local varieties and 'diversity-rich' products

Traditional agro-ecosystems were replete with diversity of crops and crop varieties. Modernization

of agriculture with increasing intensification has been a principal factor contributing in eroding this

diversity. Numerous locally adapted traditional varieties of crop plants have been replaced by

modern varieties responsive to intensive agriculture. Consequently, informal exchanges and formal

commodity markets are dominated by fewer improved varieties replacing traditional local varieties.

As a result, farmers are losing interest in maintaining genetically diverse traditional varieties and

landraces. This trend needs to be reversed by increasing demand for genetically diverse traditional

varieties and diversity-rich materials in the market place. This will encourage farmers to maintain

locally adapted diversity on-farm as ’living collections’ of PGRFA.

13

The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has made a strong commitment to ensure further

implementation of the Rectangular Strategy-Phase II, after successfully leading the Cambodian

economy out of the most difficult time of recent global financial crisis and economic downturn. To

this end, the RGC decided to embark on promoting the development of the agriculture sector, with a

new pace and scale, aiming at further strengthening the foundation for economic growth,

accelerating poverty reduction, as well as improving the living standards of the Cambodian people.

In realizing the vision of agriculture development, the RGC has adopted a three-pronged strategy

productivity enhancement, diversification and agricultural commercialization through

implementing a package of interrelated measures: (1) infrastructure building and enhancement (2)

improvement in the provision of extension services and agricultural inputs (3) land management

reform (4) finance (5) marketing (6) farmer organization and (7) institutional building and

coordination. In the current context, agricultural commercialization has become more dynamic in

light of global economic changes due to increasing food demand and prices. This trend has some

implications and revives the impetus of paddy rice and other crops production in Cambodia, which

has the potential for further high growth.

This is an advantage for developing new markets for local varieties. Nevertheless, due to poorly

developed post harvest processing technologies and because of difficulties in transportation, and

also of consumers' preference to uniform products, it is still problematic for expanding the markets

and promoting consumption of local varieties and 'diversity-rich' products. Various plants of

potential high value are still under-developed.

D. CAPACITY BUILDING AND INSTITUTIONS

Activity Area 15: Building strong national programs

National programmes are the foundation of the global efforts towards conservation and sustainable

use of plant genetic resource (PGR). They provide the basis for developing a rational PGR strategy,

balancing activities in in situ, ex situ conservation and use, conditions of access, safe movement,

benefit-sharing, and technology-transfer. National programmes generally include representation

from government, private, community and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that are

involved in PGR activities in the country. Strong national programmes strive to improve

institutional and sectoral linkages including community efforts, and developing national capacity in

the scientific, technical, managerial and policy areas.

Plant genetic resources activities are a governmental programme, but the government has no funds

to support and no international or nongovernmental organization have sponsored this programme.

PGR are still in the hand of farmers using annually for food consumption as well as use as a seed

for crop growing.

In the forest sector, the Cambodia’s National Forest Programme was developed in 2009. The

programme comprises policies, strategies and courses of action, as well as mechanisms for their

implementation, monitoring, evaluation and updating. It has been prepared by a process of

14

participation and dialogue with various stakeholder groups, including representatives of government

agencies, civil society organizations, private sector and donors.

Activity Area 16: Promoting Networks for PGRFA

Networking on mutually agreeable terms is an efficient way of conserving, utilizing and enriching

crop germplasm. Viable and functional networks promote sharing of knowledge and experience as

well as a wider use of crop germplasm for mutual benefits, such as setting regional and global

priorities in germplasm conservation, genetic enhancement and enrichment. For these reasons,

establishing new networks and strengthening existing networks are a priority.

Due to a lack of financial resources the value of PGR not well understand within the country,

promoting the PGRFA network for PGR conservation and use is difficult in Cambodia. However,

Cambodia is a part of International Treaty of Plant Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture

(ITPGRFA) and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), so the stakeholders who work on PGR

have undertaken various activities, such as organizing trainings and workshops, information

dissemination, technology transfer, material exchange, and institutional re-organization.

In 2002, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) approved the National Biodiversity Strategy

and Action Plan, in which PGRFA was one of the main focuses. In the forestry sector, the RGC

approved the Cambodia’s National Forestry Programme in 2009. Conservation of genetic resources

from forests and establishment of seed sources for planting programmes is one of the mandates of

the National Forest Resource Management and Conservation Programme (NFRMP).

Main shortcomings/limitations: inactive cooperation from several SHs and organizations;

inefficient information management and sharing;

lack of appropriate policies;

inadequate participation and poor interaction; and

Shortage in trained staff and appropriate equipment and facilities.

Activity Area 17: Constructing Comprehensive Information Systems for PGRFA Information management plays a pivotal role in PGRFA conservation and use. It involves collection

and processing of data, documentation, summarization and dissemination of information in a user-

friendly manner. A comprehensive information system should recognize traditional indigenous

knowledge and integrate it with modern scientific knowledge to develop the best approach to

conservation and use both ex situ and in situ preserved diversity of PGRFA. The efficiency of

PGRFA information systems is enhanced by computerization of data management, and electronic

dissemination of information to users.

The implementation of this FAO Trust Fund project (GCP\RAS\240\JPN), for the establishment of

the Khmer-NISM-GPA has played an important role towards constructing a comprehensive

information system for PGRFA in the country. Before this project’s implementation, no information

system for PGRFA existed in the country. The data was poorly managed and the information

exchange was not promoted that is one of the important obstacles for promoting PGRFA

15

conservation and sustainable use. Under this project, the key stakeholders were defined for

information gathering, analysis, and compilation and reporting. By using the “Common Tables” and

Reporting Formats provided by the project, data collected can be better standardized, systematized

and managed. Also, the roles and responsibilities of SHs have been defined to ensure the successful

establishment of the NISM-GPA.

Main shortcomings/limitations:

inadequate capacity and facilities for the SHs to collect and manage information;

lack of relevant policies;

lack of trained staff and skilled personnel

lack of information sources; and

poor cooperation from some SHs

lack of financial resources

Activity Area 18: Developing monitoring and early warning systems for loss of PGRFA

Erosion of plant genetic resources can occur in ex situ collections, in farmers’ fields and in the wild.

However, rarely are there formal mechanisms to monitor situations that put plant genetic resources

at risk, to assemble information, and to take appropriate action. This activity area is aimed at

determining the underlying causes of genetic erosion, encouraging the monitoring at national,

regional and global levels, and establishing mechanisms to insure that information is transferred to

appropriate points designated as responsible for analysis, coordination and action.

One of the most important weaknesses in PGRFA conservation and sustainable use belongs to this

activity area; no monitoring and early warning system for PGRFA loss has ever been developed in

Cambodia.

Reasons: Insufficient funds and labor source

Insufficient survey and assessment of PGRFA

Incomplete documentation and poor information management

Inadequate participation

Inactive cooperation from some companies and organizations

Lack of an appropriate legal framework, e.g. environmental impact assessment is often not

required before implementation of possibly threatening to PGRFA activities.

Activity Area 19: Expanding and Improving Education and Training

Conservation and utilization of genetic resources of crops and their wild relatives entail cross

disciplinary education and training in a range of interrelated subjects. Furthermore, specialized

training is needed to upgrade and enhance the capacity of personnel involved in conservation and

use of PGRFA. This capacity-building activity may be organized nationally, regionally or

internationally. With minor changes in curriculum, universities with strong agriculture and biology

programs may regularly or periodically offer necessary education and training in the conservation

of plant genetic diversity.

16

The number of scientists/technicians was significantly increased in related areas. Each year, the

government staff are sent to the other countries in term of capacity building in PGRFA conservation

and sustainable utilization. Case in point, CARDI has a strong collaboration in both regional and

international level to strengthen the capacity of staffs to improve the skills of gene bank

management, germplasm collection, characterization and evaluation, have been improved during

the last 10 years.

There are no courses specifically on PGR conservation and utilization in universities and colleges in

Cambodia. Nevertheless, due to inadequate budget and training facilities, both training/education

quality and quantity remain insufficient to meet the actual requirements for well educated and

trained staff in PGRFA. To partly overcome this problem, staffs have been encouraged to take

opportunities to study abroad. However, as already mentioned, there is an important shortage of

well-trained staff for implementing successfully all the activities necessary for the country's

PGRFA conservation and sustainable use.

Activity Area 20: Promoting Public Awareness of the Value of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Conservation and Use

Increasing public awareness is conservation imperative, particularly in countries with rapid and

large-scale genetic erosion. The public in general is not always aware of the effects of PGRFA on

the economy and the environment, and on the urgent and critical need for their conservation. This

can be alleviated by popular audio-visual presentation, as well as education. Communications and

consultations are the dual means of increasing public awareness and appreciation of the needs and

benefits of conservation of PGRFA.

Under the project “Capacity Building and Enhanced Regional Collaboration for the

Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resource in Asia” (GCP/RAS/240/JPN),

workshops and training course were organized and significantly contributed to promoting public

awareness in the country for PGRFA conservation and sustainable use. Also, 3 000 copies of

brochures have been published for distribution and dissemination to all stakeholders.

Nevertheless, limited public awareness remains a great constraint to most PGRFA activities. The

main cause for this is the limited effort and concern spent for community trainings and awareness

rising. Very limited number of forums have been organized on the related issues, and no trainings at

all offered to farmers and communities; up to now most of the awareness raising activities was

carried out under projects funded by foreign donors, there is no sustainable and strong national

projects for this aspect. Also, very few information, education and communication (IEC) materials

were produced and introduced/distributed to the public. Moreover, the PGR issues have rarely been

mentioned on both the central and local governmental mass communication channels.

Inadequate study and use of indigenous knowledge for PGRFA conservation is another important

issue. This is not only problematic for public awareness rising, but in many cases also an obstacle

for implementation of many other activities, as already mentioned before.

17

IV. LESSON LEARNED FROM THE PROCESS OF NISM ESTABLISHMENT AND

GPA MONITORING PROCESS

A. Achievements during the NISM establishment and GPA monitoring

Capacity of the NPF and SHs improved and one MSc student supported.

The NISM-GPA is a most important tool for information collecting and sharing has been

established in the country to facilitate the implementation of the GPA for conservation and

sustainable use of PGRFA.

Partnerships and collaboration between SHs are strengthened within the country

Awareness on the value of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA has

improved and been disseminated.

The past and present situations of PGRFA activities in the country are reviewed, their

achievements, limitations, constraints identified.

The collected Data on PGRFA are systemized and made available widely to people

interested people.

Constructing a comprehensive information system for PGRFA has been produced and

linked to the World Information Sharing Mechanism (WISM) and relevant sites both

national and international views.

Recommendations and priorities set up for strengthening 20 priority activity areas of GPA

were identified.

B. Constraints Appeared During Implementation the NISM-GPA

The NISM-GPA was highly appreciated by the SHs for usefulness to conserve and promote the

value of PGRFA within the country. However, they mostly are engaged in many other activities and

projects, and thus could spend very little time for this project’s implementation. This, together with

the following obstacles caused problems to data gathering, validating and systematization:

Limited capacity and facilities of SHs (depended on data requirement for the common table,

it is too hard for SHs to collect and classify available data to compile into the common

tables.

Inadequate cooperation from several SHs.

Steering committee and networking for PGRFA within the country are not generated.

Limitation available information due to it being lost

Time constraint

SHs required incentive when they take part of the project

C. Plan for Maintenance and Improvement of the NISM-GPA

Based on the above mentioned analysis and discussions, the following activities have been put in

the plan for maintenance and improvement of Khmer- NISM-GPA.

Widely introduce the NISM and its website, make the information available and easily

accessible.

18

Provide relevant trainings for the people concerned so that they can actively participate in

the mechanism's maintenance and improvement.

Improve and diversify communication means, preferably through network connection, and a

local area network (LAN) to be established together with equipment/facility updating for

SHs, especially for the NFP.

All the SHs to regularly update information and to actively participate in developing

partnerships.

The NFP to maintain and frequently update the information on the website

Organize regular meetings to review the activities undertaken in last period and planning for

the next one.

Strengthened cooperation with regional and international organizations and networks.

Socialization of PGRFA conservation and sustainable use.

The most important foreseen obstacle for maintaining and improving the NISM is inadequate

budget. For overcoming this, the NFP is to develop and submit a project applying for the national

regular budget for maintaining and improving the NISM as part of the national PGRFA program.

Also, fund seeking from different sources, such international and regional institutions, organizations

and NGOs is to be promoted.

Another obstacle is limited cooperation from SHs, as some of them might consider this less

necessary compared to other duties. The so called strategy of "marinating through use" can be of

good values for overcoming this problem; effective data management and making the information

easily accessible can help change stakeholders' behavior and improve their commitment.

D. Obstacles form NISM-GPA Software Difficulties when input or compile the data into common table (required much detailed

information)

The software requires good computers with high configuration, which cannot be meet by

various SHs.

Low speed of the software’s running

Information securities

The Khmer NISM-GPA Software is not perfect

The SH did not clearly understand the content of data supplied for the common tables.

E. Maintenance and Solutions

The software of NISM-GPA, however complex but enable for implementation.

During meeting with stakeholders, we learned many experiences from the stakeholders, and

we expect that amount of stakeholders will increase in the future.

Promote understanding the value of NISM-GPA for conservation and sustainable use of

Plant Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture and the benefit of participation with the

NISM-GPA.

Fixing the deadline for data gathering from SHs.

19

Enhancing and promoting ability and responsibility of stakeholders for providing the data to

NFP

NFP will arrive and get the data from the stakeholders.

Should have budget or other incentive for the stakeholders for active participation.

The project plays an important role to increase the ability of the country to assess the current status

of Plant Genetic Resource and monitoring the GPA implementation. Moreover, the project helps the

country build a strong relationship among the stakeholders and enhance the capability of the

country to meet international reporting obligation. We expect that, the project will be improve the

capacity of the country in the decision making on the conservation and sustainable use of Plant

Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture.

V. REFERENCES

1. Altoveros, N.C., (2005). Collecting Trip Report: Collecting Indigenous Vegetable

Germplasm in the Province of Battambang, Beanchey and Siem Reap, Kingdom of

Cambodia.

2. FAO, (2009). The FAO Regional Project “Capacity Building and Enhanced Regional Collaboration for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resources in Asia”. FAO, Bangkok, Thailand.

3. Forestry Administration and DANIDA, (2004). The flora of Cambodia: Cambodia Tree Species.

4. Smith, Jady, (2004). Cambodia's Biodiversity Status Report 2001. Phnom Penh Cambodia.

5. Javier, L.E., Men, S., Pith, K.H., Khun, L.H., Say, P., Sin, S., Ouk, M., Hun, Y., Suy, S., Thun, V., Sidhu, G.S., Mishra, D.P., Sahai, V.N., Chaudhary, R.C. and Ledesma, D.R. (1999). Rice Germplasm Catalog of Cambodia III. Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project. PO Box 01, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

6. Lu. B. R. (1996). A Report on Collecting of wild Oryza species in Lao PDR and Cambodia, October 2- 13, 1996. IRRI trip report.

7. Lu, B.R., (1996). A Report on Collecting of wild Oryza species in Lao PDR and Cambodia, October 2- 13, 1996. IRRI trip report.

8. MAFF, (2005). Agricultural Sector Strategy Development Plan 2006-2010. Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

9. Ministry of Environment, (2002). National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

10. Policy Document on Promotion of Paddy Rice Production and Export of Milled Rice, August 17, 2010, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

11. Makara, Ouk and Sophany, Sakhan. (2009). Plant Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture in Cambodia.

12. Sahai, V.N., Chaudhary, R.C. and Sin, S. (1992a). Rice Germplasm Catalog of Cambodia I.Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project. P.O. Box 01, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

20

13. Sahai, V.N., Chaudhary, R.C. and Sin, S. (1992b). Rice Germplasm Catalog of Cambodia II. Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project. P.O. Box 01, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

14. Sovith, S. and Nuth, S., 1995. Cambodia: Country Report to FAO International Technical Conference on Plant Genetic Resource (Leipzig, 1996), Phnom Penh, Country Report.

15. Vaughan. D. A. 1990. Trip report to Cambodia and Thailand IS-26 November, 1993. IRRI Trip Report.

16. Vaughan, D. A. 1991. Rice Germplasm, Collecting, Preservation and Use: Passport Data on Rice and Related Species. IRRI, Manila, Philippines. Trip Report.

17. Vaughan, D. A. 1991. Rice Germplasm, Collecting, Preservation and Use: Passport Data on Rice and Related Species. IRRI, Manila, Philippines.

Annex 1: List the Stakeholders/Policy Marker attended in the first stakeholder meeting No Name/ Status Position /Organization E-mail/Telephone 1 Dr. Ouk Makara Director, CARDI [email protected]

2 Mr. Ty Channa Deputy Director, CARDI and Project Leader

[email protected]

3 Dr. Seng Veng Deputy Director, CARDI [email protected]

4 Ms. Sakhan Sophany Head of Plant Breeding Division, CARDI

[email protected]

5 Mr. Mom Sovanna IT Specialist, Training and Information Center, CARDI and Project Assistant

[email protected]

6 Dr. Khay Sathya Deputy Head of Plant Protection Division, CARDI

[email protected]

7 Dr. El Sotheary Deputy head of Socio-Economic Division, CARDI

[email protected]

8 Mr. Lor Bunna Head of Agronomy and Farming System Division, CARDI

[email protected]

9 Mr. Touch Veasna Assistant to Head of Soil and Water Science Division, CARDI

(+855)-12 655 549

10 Ms. Thun Vathany

Deputy Head of Plant Breeding Division, CARDI

[email protected]

11 Ms. Hing Thida Deputy Dean of Agronomy faculty, RUA

[email protected]

12 Mr.Nin Chariya Cambodia Agricultural Value Chain Program (CAVAC)

[email protected]

13 Mr. Thorng Ra Training Assistant , Training and Information Center, CARDI and Project Assistant

[email protected]

14 Ms.Pol Sathny Department of Rice Crop, GDA, MAFF

[email protected]

15 Mr. Ros Pysoth Department of Rice Crop, GDA, MAFF

16 Mr.Chy Norom Department of Crop Industry, GDA, MAFF

[email protected]

17 Mr.Tuot Sokoeurm

Department of Horticulture and Crops ,GDA, MAFF

[email protected]

18 Mr.KuochKun Ministry of Environment [email protected]

21

Theavoreak 19 Mr. Lim Sovannara Ministry of Environment [email protected]

20 Mr. Em Laedern Research Assistant, Plant Breeding Division, CARDI

[email protected]

21 Mr.Kim Sobben Graduate School, RUA [email protected]

22 Ms. Ouk Sothea Research Assistant of Plant Breeding Division, CARDI

[email protected]

23 Ms. Peou Youleang Department of Biology, RUPP [email protected]

24 Mr. Phin Phal Research Assistant of Plant Breeding Division, CARDI

[email protected]

25 Mr. Tauch Ung Research Assistant of Plant Protection Division, CARDI

[email protected]

26 Mr.Tuot Sokoeurm Department of Horticulture and Crops ,GDA

[email protected]

27 Mr.Noun Tum Srer Khmer Organization [email protected] 28 Mr.Kob Math Department of Environment, RUPP [email protected] Mr. Khor Tieth CEDAC [email protected]

30 Mr. Seng Sao Staff of Agronomy Office of Mondulkiri Provincial Department of Agriculture

(+855)-11 869 049

31 Mr. Chum Korn Staff of Agronomy office of Mondulkiri Provincial Department of Agriculture

(+855)-12 864 327

32 Mr. Roth Rithy Staff of Agronomy office of Mondulkiri Provincial Department of Agriculture

(+855)-17 656 400

33 Ms. Soeur Somany Research Assistant of Plant Protection Division, CARDI

(+855)-11 916 947

34 Ms. Sim Theavy Chief of Training Unit,Training and Information Center, CARDI

(+855) 12 964 925

35 Ms. Hak Socheata Chief of Publication Unit, Training and Information Center, CARDI

(+855)-12 958 819

36 Mr. Seng Radin Information and Documentation Center, MAFF

[email protected]

37 Mr. Sok Saran Assistant to Head of Administrative and Personnel Office, CARDI

(+855)-11 752 773

38 Mr. Mak Chanratana Research Assistant of Plant Protection Division, CARDI

(+855)-92 250 266

39 Mr. Chea Vuthea Research Assistant of Agronomy and Farming System Division, CARDI

(+855)-97 9599 289

40 Mr. Huon Sereyvuth Vice Chief of Pre-Harvest Unit of Agricultural Engineering Division, CARDI

(+855)-12 968 880

42 Mr. Lim Vandy Vice Chief of Soil and Water Science Division, CARDI

(+855)-12 839 319

43 Mr. Nou Vuthy Assistant of Project Planning of Planning Collaboration and Business Office, CARDI

(+855)-11 876 154

44 Mr. Try Soksan Publication Assistant, Traingin and Information Center, CARDI

(+855)-92 633 231

45 Mr. Heng Sophors Vice Chief of Rural Resource and (+855)-12 884 238

22

Livelihood Unit of Socio-Economic Division, CARDI

46 Ms. Lim Sophornthida

Research Assistant of Socio-Economic Division, CARDI

(+855)-97 9666 692

47 Mr. Meas Virak Ministry of Environment 48 Mr. Kong Putha Department of Biology, RUPP

23

No Name of Stakeholders

Data Status

Address Organizational Role

National Institutions

1 Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)

Boulevard Norodom, ChanKar Morn, Phnom Penh

Research; Administration/ Policy

2 Forestry Administration # 40, Norodom Blvd, ChanKar Morn, Phnom Penh

Research, Administration/ Policy

3 General Directorate of Agriculture #54B, Str656, Teuk Laak3, Khan Toul Kok, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

Seed producer; Seed supplier; Research; Extension; Laboratory; Publisher

4 Department of Horticulture and Subsidary Crops

#200 Preah Norodom Blvd, Sangkat Tonle Basak, Khan Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh

Seed producer; Extension; Administration/Policy

5 Department of Industrial Crop 56B, Street 656, Sangkat Toeuk Laak, Khan Toul Kork, Phnom Penh

Genebank (long term collections); Seed producer; Seed supplier;Research;Extension; Publisher;Administration/Policy

6 Department of Plant Protection Sanitary and Phytosanitary

# 200, Norodom Blvd, Chamkar Morn District, Phnom Penh

Research; Extension

7 Department of Rice Crop #54B, Str656, Teuk Laak3, Khan Toul Kok, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

Research; Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

8 Department of Agricultural Extension # 200, Norodom Blvd, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

Extension ;Administration/Policy

9 Department of Agriculture Legislation # 200, Norodom Blvd. Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

Network;Research;Administration/Policy

10 Department of Plant Protection Sanitary and Phytosanitary

# 200, Norodom Blvd, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

Research; Extension

Annex 2: List of institutions known as the stakeholder list of NISM-GPA

24

No Name of Stakeholders Data

Status Address Organizational Role

11 Department of Agronomy and Land Improvement

# 200, Norodom Blvd, Chamkar Morn District, Phnom Penh

Extension; Administration/Policy

12 Agricultural Information and Documentation Center

P.O. Box: 64, #200 Norodom Boulvard, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

13 Provincial Department of Agriculture, Battambang

Battambang Province Extension; Administration/Policy

14 Provincial Department of Agriculture, Kampong Thom

Kampong Thom Province Research; Extension; Administration/Policy

15 Provincial Department of Agriculture, Kompot

Kampot Province Network; Administration/Policy

16 Provincial Department of Agriculture, Mondulkiri

Modulkiri Province Network; Laboratory; Administration/Policy

17 Provincial Department of Agriculture, Takeo

Takeo Province Research; Administration/Policy

18 Provincial Department of Agriculture Kampong Speu

Kampong Speu Province Seed supplier; Research; Extension

19 Provincial Department of Agriculture Prey Veng

Prey Veng Province Seed supplier; Research; Extension

20 Provincial Department of Agriculture Svay Rieng

Svay Rieng Province Seed supplier; Research; Extension

21 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Kampong Cham

Kampong Cham Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

22 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Preah Sihanuk Province

Preah Sihanuk Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

25



23 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Kep Province

Kep Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

24 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Siem Reap Province

Siem Reap Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

25 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Koh Kong Province

Koh Kong Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

26 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Banteay Meanchey Province

Banteay Meanchey Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

27 Provincial Departments of Agriculture,Otdor Mean Chey Province

Otdor Mean Chey Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

28 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Pailin Province

Pailin Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

29 Provincial Departments of Agriculture, Kandal

Kandal Province Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

30 Ministry of Environment #48, Samdech Preah Sihanouk Tonle Bassac, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

Botanical garden; Research; Administration/Policy

31 Department of International Conventions and Biodiversity

#48, Samdech Preah Sihanouk Tonle Bassac, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

Network; Educational; Research; Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

32 Department of Natural Conservation and Protection


Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

33 Department of Research and Community PAs Development


Community; Research; Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

26



34 Department Natural Resource Assessment and Environmental Data Management


Research; Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

35 Department of Wetland and Costal Zone


Educational; Research; Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

36 Ministry of Commerce of Cambodia Lot 19-61, MOC Road (113B Road), Phum Teuk Thla, Sangkat Teuk Thla, Khan Sen Sok

Extension

37 Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction

No771-773, Monivong Blvd, Boeung Trabek, Chamkarmorn, Phnom Penh

Administration/Policy

38 Ministry of Rural Development, Cambodia

Corner street 169 and Russian Blvd, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia

Farmer community; Research; Extension

39 Ministry of Interior, Cambodia #275, Norodom blvd, Phnom Penh Administration/Policy

40 Ministry of Tourism, Cambodia #3 Monivong Blvd., Phnom Penh Network; Administration/Policy

41 Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute

National Road No 3, Prateah Lang Commune, Dankor District

Breeder; Educational; Seed producer;Seed supplier; Research; Extension; Laboratory; Genebank (medium term collections);Genebank (short term collections)

42 Royal University of Agriculture (RUA)

P.O Box 2696, Chamkar Daung, Phnom Penh

Educational; Research; Laboratory

43 Graduate School of Royal University of Agriculture


Educational; Research; Extension; Laboratory; Publisher

27



44 Faculty of Agronomy P.O Box 2696, Chamkar Daung, Phnom Penh

Research; Extension; Laboratory; Publisher

45 Faculty of Forestry of Royal University of Agriculture


Educational

46 Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUA)

Russian Ferderation Builevard, Toul Kork, Phnom Penh


47 Department of Biology Russian Ferderation Builevard, Toul Kork, Phnom Penh


48 Department of Environment Russian Ferderation Builevard, Toul Kork, Phnom Penh


49 Kampong Cham National School of Agriculture

Kampong Cham Province Educational

50 Prek Leap School of Agriculture P.O. Box 1319, Road 6A, Prek Leap, Russey Keo, Phnom Penh

Educational

51 Maharishi Vedic University No.152 Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh Educational

Agricultural Research Stations

52 Prey Phdao Agricultural Research Station

Kampong Speu Province Seed producer; Research

53 Day Eth Rice Research Station Phnom Penh Research; Extension

54 Tunle Baty Agriculture Development Center

National Road No 2, kloang Sambat Village, Potsoar Commune, Baty District, Takeo Province.

Research; Extension

28



55 Chamkar Leu Seed Production Farm Chamkar leu District, Kampong Cham Province

Seed producer; Seed supplier; Research; Genebank (short term collections)

56 Banteay Daek Agricultural Research Station

Banteay Daek District, Kandal Province

Seed producer; Seed supplier; Research

57 Porlos Agricultural Development Center

Preah Sdach District, Prey Veng Province

Seed producer; Seed supplier; Research

58 Toul Sam Roang Rice Seed Farm Toul Sam Roang, Battambang Province

Seed producer; Seed supplier

59 Tonle Bati Agricultural Development Center

Bati District, Takeo Province Seed producer; Research

NGOs and Private company and International Institutions

60 Cambodia Agricultural Value Chain Program

#138 Norodom Boulevard, Phnom Penh

Research; Extension

61 Cambodia - IRRI - Australia Project (CIAP), Department of Agronomy Bldg.

P.O. Box 01, Phnom Penh Research; Extension

62 Cambodian Agricultural Research Fund

#138 Norodom Boulevard, Phnom Penh

Research; Extension

63 Cambodia Tree Seed Project-Forestry Administration and DANIDA

#40 Preah Norodom, Phnom Penh Research; Extension; Publisher; Genebank (medium term collections); Genebank (short term collections)



29

64 Economic and Social Relaunch of Northwest Provinces in Cambodia

Watdamnak Village, Salakamreak Commune, Siem Reap District, Siem Reap Province, Kingdom of Cambodia

Community; Educational; Seed producer; Seed supplier; Farmer community; Extension; Publisher

Srer Khmer Organization P.O Box 2509, #119D, Street 9, Tonle Basac,

Breeder; Network; Research; Extension; Publisher

65 National SRI Secretariat No 54B,Str 656, Sangkat Teuk Laak 3, Khan Toul Kok, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

Research; Extension; Publisher

66 The Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture

P.O Box 1118, Street 257,Sangkat Teuk La-ak I, Khan Toul Kok

Community; Educational; Extension; Publisher

67 GIZ-German society for technical cooperation

P.O. Box 81, Phnom Penh Network; Research

68 Community Based Natural Resource Management Learning Institute

P.O Box 2509, #30, Street 9, Tonle Basac, Phnom Penh

Educational; Extension; Publisher

69 AQIP Seed co,Ltd

BaKou Village Bakou Commune Kandal ភមបគ ឈបគ រសកក ត លសទង

េខតតក ត ល

Breeder; Seed producer; Seed supplier

70 The World Bank #113 Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh Network

71 Asia Development Bank Mandaluyong City 1550, Metro Manila, Philippines

Administration/Policy

72 Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center

Shanhua, Tainan 74199, Taiwan

73 Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR)

GPO Box 1571, Phnom Penh Research; Administration/Policy



30

74 Center for Management of Pest Fruit Flies(ICMPFF), Malaysia

19-2A, Jalan Pandan Indah 4/34, Pandan Indah, Malaysia

Research; Extension

75 European Union 222 East 41st Street 20th Floor New York, NY 10017

Breeder; Extension

76 FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific

Maliwan Mansion Phra Atit Road Bangkok 10200, Thailand

Network; Research; Administration/Policy

77 FAO Representation Office in the Kingdom of Cambodia

P.O. Box 53, No 05, St. 370, Boeung Keng Kang I, Chamkar Morn

Educational; Research; Extension

78 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz El Batán, Texcoco CP 56130 Edo. de México. MEXICO

Network; Seed producer; Seed supplier; Research; Extension; Genebank (medium term collections); Genebank (short term collections)

79 International Rice Research Institute Los Baños, Philippines Breeder; Network; Research; Extension; Genebank (short term collections)

80 International Union for Conservation of Nature

#19 Street 312, Sangkat Tonle Basac, Khan Chamkamon, Phnom Penh, Cambodia P.O. Box 1504

Research; Publisher; Administration/Policy

81 Leiden University of Netherlands PO Box 9500, Netherlands Educational

82 National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences

2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Japan Laboratory; Genebank (medium term collections); Genebank (short term collections)

83 The Griffith School Environment, Australia

170 Kessels Road Nathan Qld 4111 Educational

84 The Paris Herbarium or Museum National d'histoire naturelle

The Paris Herbarium (P), CP 39, 57 Rue Cuvier 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.

Botanical garden; Breeder; Network; Educational; Research; Extension; Laboratory



31

Annex 3: List of Projects/Activities related to PGRFA in Cambodia

Project/Activities Type of Activity

20 Priority Activity Areas of Global Plan of Action

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI)

1 Agrodiversity for in-situ conservation of local rice germplasm in and near its center of diversity: Cambodia, Laos and Thailand.

Project

2 Banana improvement for Cambodian farmers Project

3

Capacity Building and Enhanced Regional Collaboration for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resources in Asia

Project

4 Assessment of post-harvest loss and its economic significance for non-rice crops in upland area of Cambodia

Project

5 Training on Cassava Production System Training

6 Collecting of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Eastern province of Cambodia

Project

7 Collecting of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Northeast province of Cambodia

Project

85 United Nations Development Programme

#53, Pasteur Street, Boeung Keng Kang IP.O. Box 877, Phnom Penh,

Network; Extension

86 United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

38 Samdech Sothearos Blvd P.O. Box 29 Phnom Penh Cambodia

Educational; Extension; Publisher; Administration/Policy

87 Wetland International #21, Street 306, Boeng Keng Kang 1, Chamcar Morn, Phnom Penh

Network; Research; Extension; Administration/Policy

32



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

8 Crop management for sustainable upland crop farming

Project

9 Development and dissemination of high yielding and locally adapted maize for sustainable food security in Cambodia

Project

10 Enhancement of Farmers’ knowledge and skill of pest management on Tomato crops in Cambodian

Project

11 Enhance the Capacity of Farmers for Adaptation to Climate Change

Project

12 Enhancing Productivity of Major Upland Crops in Cambodia

Project

13 Evaluation of establishment technique and economic impact in upland area of Cambodia

Project

14 Exploration and collection of local crops and crop wild relatives used by villagers on Eastern provinces of Cambodia

Project

15 Field Demonstration on “Increasing rice productivity through technical using

Project

16 Framer Training on “Rice Production System in Cambodia”

Training

17 Germplasm Collection in Cambodia (1989) Activity 18 Germplasm Collection in Cambodia (1991) Activity

19 Identification and development of heat tolerant and multiple disease resistant tomato cultivars for Cambodian farmers

Project

20 Invasive Weedy Rice in Cambodia Project

21 Identification of banana cultural practices, cultivation management, prospective for production improvement and growers’ income

Project

33

22 Farmer training course on “New seed increase production”

Project


20 Priority Activity Areas of Global Plan of Action 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

23 Improvement of watermelon for Cambodian farmers

Project

24 Improving rice grain quality by controlled drying paddy

Project

25 Increasing banana production in Cambodia through tissue culture

Project

26 In-Situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources for Developmental Values in the Northeast Provinces of Cambodia

Project

27 Linking Extension And Research Needs Through Information Technology

Project

28 National Conference on “Increasing Productivity and Crop Diversity in upland area in Cambodia”

Project

29 Participatory Selection of Waxy maize Cultivars for Cambodian Farmers

Project

30 Pyramiding submergence and dorought tolerance genes in to good grain quality of rainfed lowland rice

Project

31 Reducing the risk of growing rainfed upland crops in Cambodia

Project

32 Reduction of losses of rice grain after harvest in Cambodia

Project

33 Released Rice Varieties: An Assessment of their Socio-Economic Impacts and the Adoption of Phka Rumduol and Sen Pidao Varieties

Project

34 Training on Rice Grain Quality Training 35 Training on Rice Seed Production Training 36 Rice Seed Production Training Course Training

37 Seminar on “Definition Prioritization of CRKB content Producing”

Seminar

34

38 Selection of very early rice cultivars adapted to direct seeding in dry season and early wet season

Project



39 Soybean and mungbean improvement for Cambodian farmers

Project

40 The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) Rice Biodiversity Project (1995)

Project

41 The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) Rice Biodiversity Project (1998)

Project

42 Training course on “Biometrics” Training 43 Training course on “Bio-Technology” Training

44 Training of Trainer on “Cambodia Rice Knowledge Bank”

Training

45 Workshop on “Assessing Land Suitability For Crop Diversification in Cambodia and Australia”

Workshop

46 Workshop on “ Important Element Note for National Policy on Bio-Technology and Bio-Safety”

Workshop

47 Workshop on “QTL and MAS for drought, salinity and grain quality improvement”

Workshop

Royal University of Agriculture (RUA)

48 An Evaluation of the Potential for smallholder Dragon Fruit Cultivation Under

Project

49 A study of the effect of fruit dropping on postharvest quality of ‘Keochen’ Mango

Project

50 Benefiting from an Improved Agricultural Portfolio in Asia

Project

51 Develop Plant tissue Culture technique to Propagate Extinction prone species

Project

35

52 Establishment of Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium as forage supplementation for cattle of small scale farmers in Kandal Province

Project



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

53 Integrated Pests Management of Citrus in Banorn District, Battambang Province.

Project

54 Mushroom production technology dissemination Project

55 Open source for weed Assessment in lowland paddy fields

Project

56 The promotion of cultivation of saprophytic edible mushroom and the development of sustainable spawn supply

Project

57 Occurrence of Cashew Pests in Cambodia and their Control

Project

58 Supplement forage legume to increase pig production of small holder farmer in Takeo Province

Project

59 Seed production by semi-artificial breeding of Snake Skin Gourami (Trichogaster Pectoralis) in Svay Rieng Province

Project

60 System of Rice Indentification (SRI) Project 61 Survey of safrole-rich (Sassafras oil) Project

62 Value-adding to rice for enhancement of agro-enterprise development and poverty reduction in Cambodia

Project

63 ករអភវឌ នកមមវធសក

"អបរកសកមមសរមបករផ ពវផ យ" Project

64 Linking Extension And Research Needs Through Information Technology

Project

Royal University of Phnom Penh 65 Sub-Expert-Plant Project

36

66 Sub Expert Plantes project (SEP 223-2) Project 67 Sub Expert Plantes project (SEP 223-1) Project 68 Sub Expert Plantes project (SEP 397) Project



Prek Leap School of Agriculture (PLSA)

69 Improvement of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) management and production through farmers participatory research

Project

70 Improvement of maize management and production through farmers participatory research

Project

Department of Rice Crop of GDA 71 System of Rice Intensification Project

72 Study of seed method and seed rate for direct seeded irrigated rice

Project

73 Seed Production Project

Department of Industrial Crop of GDA 74 Inductrial Crop of Seed Production Project

75 Research Industrial Seed Selection and Agro-Ecology Techniques in Different Locations of Station Center and State farms

Project

Department of Horiculture and Subsidary Crops 76 Mushroom Training Project 77 Training on Horticulture and Subsidiary Crops Project

Department of Natural Conservation and Protection

78 Surveying Ethnobotany in Preah Sihanouk National Park

Project

79 Survey on Natural Resource Uses and Sources of Local Communities

Project

80 Biodiversity and Protected Area Management Project Department of Natural Resource Assessment and Environmental Data Management

37

81 Eco-Tourism Mapping Project Project 82 Training course on GPS/GIS using Project 83 Environmental Performance Assessment Project Project



Agricultural Information and Documentation Center

84 Economic and Social Relaunch of Northwest Provinces in Cambodia

Project

85 Economic Development through Primary Agricultural Production

Project

Kampong Cham National School of Agriculture (KCNSA)

86 Assessment of improvements in rice production technology in Stung Trang District, Kampong Cham Province

Project

Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Land Improvement (DAALI)

87 Production and use of effective parasitoids to control Diamondback moth (DBM) on lowland cruciferous crops in Cambodia

Project

88 Study on Production and Economics of Short Duration Maize Varieties in Rice Based Ecology

Project

20 Priority Activity Areas of Global Plan of Action 1. Surveying and Inventorying Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 2. Supporting On-Farm Management and Improvement of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 3. Assisting Farmers in Disaster Situations to Restore Agricultural Systems 4. Promoting In situ Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives and Wild Plants for Food Production 5. Sustaining Existing Ex situ Collections 6. Regenerating Threatened Ex situ Accessions 7. Supporting Planned and Targeted Collecting of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 8. Expanding Ex situ Conservation Activities 9. Expanding the Characterization, Evaluation and Number of Core Collections to Facilitate Use 10. Increasing Genetic Enhancement and Base-Broadening Efforts

38

11. Promoting Sustainable Agriculture through Diversification of Crop Production and Broader Diversity in Crops 12. Promoting Development and Commercialization of Under-Utilized Crops and Species 13. Supporting Seed Production and Distribution 14. Developing New Markets for Local Varieties and 'Diversity-Rich' Products 15. Building Strong National Programmes 16. Promoting Networks for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 17. Constructing Comprehensive Information Systems for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 18. Developing Monitoring and Early Warning Systems for Loss of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 19. Expanding and Improving Education and Training 20. Promoting Public Awareness of the Value of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Conservation and Use

Annex 4: List of Cultivars released by Plant Breeding Program of CARDI

No Scientific Name Common NameCultivar name

(Khmer) Cultivar

name(English) Pedigree

1 Oryza sativa Rice ប យណ Baray IR 64/IR 35293-125-3-2-3/PSBRC 4

2 Oryza sativa Rice ខ១ CAR1 Pram'bei kuor

3 Oryza sativa Rice ខ១១ CAR11 Barnla phdau

3 Oryza sativa Rice ខ១២ CAR12 Koon trei khmau

5 Oryza sativa Rice ខ១៣ CAR13 Neang minh tun

6 Oryza sativa Rice ខ២ CAR2 Sammbark krarharm

7 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៣ CAR3 Srar-aerm cheab chan

8 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៤ CAR4 Charng kaom ropeak

9 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៥ CAR5 Karm-tuy touk

10 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៦ CAR6 Seo nam'ng

11 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៧ CAR7 Chungkung kreal

39

12 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៨ CAR8 Phka Sla

13 Oryza sativa Rice ខ៩ CAR9 Srau kul

14 Oryza sativa Rice ជល រ Chul'sa IR 28239-94-2-3-6-2/IR 24632-34-2

15 Oryza sativa Rice ដន Don SPR 7270-18/KNN 111

16 Oryza sativa Rice អែអរ៦៦ IR 66 IR 13240-108-2-2-3/IR 9129-209-2

17 Oryza sativa Rice អែអរ៧២ IR 72 IR 19661-9-2-3//IR 15795-199-3-3/IR 9929-209-2-2-2

18 Oryza sativa Rice អែអរេកសរ IR Kesar IR 2432-34-2/IR 31868-64-2-3-3-3

19 Oryza sativa Rice ខវ េពរជ Khao Tah Petch Khao Tah Petch

20 Oryza sativa Rice រគ Kru IR 4432-53-33//PTB 33/IR 36

21 Oryza sativa Rice ផក រេដង Phka Rumdeng Somaly

22 Oryza sativa Rice ផក រេមៀត Phka Romeat Kroya

23 Oryza sativa Rice ផក រចង Phka Rumchang Khao Dawk Mali 105

24 Oryza sativa Rice ផក រេចក Phka Rumchek Neang Sar

25 Oryza sativa Rice ផក រដល Phka Rumduol Somaly

26 Oryza sativa Rice ពពល Popoul IR 4568-86-1-3-2/IR 6702-111-1//IR 20992-7-2-2-2-2-3/IR 21567-9-2-2-2-1

27 Oryza sativa Rice ងជយ Riang Chey Moo ha pharl

28 Oryza sativa Rice មេករ ត Rimeke 63-83/ROI, SE 363G, Dourado Prococe 68

29 Oryza sativa Rice រ ត Rohat IR 24632-34-2/IR 31868-64-2-3-3-3

30 Oryza sativa Rice រេព Rumpe IR 48563-123-5-5-2/PSBRC 10

31 Oryza sativa Rice សនតភព១ Santepheap 1 Meedon Hmwe/IR 21313-39-3-2

32 Oryza sativa Rice សនតភព២ Santepheap 2 SPR 7215-1-25-1-5/IR 20925-238-2-1-3-3

40

33 Oryza sativa Rice សនតភព៣ Santepheap 3 Pankaj/Sigadis

34 Oryza sativa Rice រក Sarika SPR 7215-1-25-1-5/IR 764-45-2-2//IR 28193-13-2-2

35 Oryza sativa Rice ែសនពេ Sen Pidao IET10364/IR54950-181

36 Oryza sativa Rice ស Sita IRAT 3/Dourado Precoce 68//TOX 490-1

37 Oryza sativa Rice េទវ Tewada Tewada

38 Oryza sativa Rice ផក ចនទែសនសរ Phka chansensar Phka Khnhei

39 Zea mays Maize េលឿងមងគល Loeung Mongkul COTAXTLA-S0031

40 Zea mays Maize សជយ Sar Chey S-99TL WQ-HG-AB

41 Vigna radiata Mung Bean សអមប ០១ CMB01 VC4152

42 Vigna radiata Mung Bean សអមប ០២ CMB02 VC 3541B

43 Vigna radiata Mung Bean សអមប ០៣ CMB03 ATF 3944

44 Vigna radiata Mung Bean កឌជយ CARDI Chey

45 Lycopersicon esculentum

Tomato នងេពរជ Neang Pich CLN2498A

46 Lycopersicon esculentum

Tomato នងត Neang Tamm CLN2418A

47 Citrullus lanatus Watermelon ចនទអរមត Chann Amrith

48 Citrullus lanatus Watermelon ជន Reachny

49 Mangifera indica Mango ែកវ ជ Keoreach

50 Mangifera indica Mango ែកវេទព Keotep

41

Annex 5: List of Publications related to PGRFA (Reference Table)

No Title of Publication Author Type of reference Year of

publication

1 10 years research achievment (1999-2009) CARDI Book 2009

2 A Glossary of French Khmer and English Botanical Terms

HUL Sovamoly Book 2010

3 Allelopathic effects of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) on the growth of Awnless Barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona (L.) Link): A new from for weed management

Sophea Pheng, Stephen Adkins, Maria Olofsdotter and Gary Jahn.

In Book 1999

4 Annual Research Report 1990 Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project Book 1992






10 Annual Research Report 2000 CARDI Book 2001



13 Annual Research Report 2003-2005 CARDI Book 2009

14 Asian Herbal and Medicinal Plants Resadah Mat Ali, Zainon Abu Samah, Nik Musaadah and Norhara Hussein

Book 2010

15 Cambodia's Biodiversity Status Report 2001 Jady Smith Book 2004

42

16

COLLECTING TRIP REPORT: COLLECTING INDIGENOUS VEGETABLE GERMPLASM IN THE PROVINCES OF BATTAMBANG, BANTEAY MEANCHEY AND SIEM REAP, KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA

Nestor C. Altoveros Tech Report 2005

17 Evaluation of Mungbean varietires for Resistance to various biotic contrains in Cambodia Upland Condition

Ouk Makara, Sakhan Sophany, Khun Leang Hak, Sieng layheng and Orn Chhourn

Book

18 Farmer Note CARDI Tech Report 2009

19 Farmer Note 2007 CARDI In Book 2007

20 Farmer Note 2009 CARDI Book 2009

21 Germplasm Collection CARDI In Book 1995

22 Germplasm Collection, evaluation and Preservation Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project In Book 1992

23 Germplasm Collection and Conservation Cambodia-IRRI-Project In Book 1992

24 Germplasm Collection and evaluation Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project In Book 1997

25 Germplasm Collection and evaluation 1992 Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project In Book 1992

26 Germplasm Conservation CARDI In Book 2002

27 Good Yields with New Technique ECOSORN Article 2010

28 Law on Biosafety Ministry of Environment Law 2007

29 Maize variety "Loeung Mongkul" CARDI Misc 2009

30 Maize Varity "Sar Chey" CARDI Misc 2009

31 Master Plan for research of Agriculture Nation Project Agriculture Development Book 2006

32 Master Plan for Research of Agriculture Nation អងគភពរទរទងកមមវធអភវឌ នវសយកសកមម Book 2006

33 Mungbean variety "CMB 01" CARDI Misc 2009

43

34 Mungbean variety " CMB 02" CARDI Misc 2009

35 Mungbean variety " CMB 03" CARDI Misc 2009

36 Musrhroom Crop Booklet 2005

37 Observations on Wild and Cultivated Rice Yo-Ichiro SATO Article

38 ORYZA Collecting Trip Reports 1987-1988 Duncan A. Vaughan TechReport 1988

39 Oryza Collecting Trip Reports 1989 (Rice Germplasm Collection Reports)

Duncan A. Vaughan Tech Report 1989


publication

40 Oryza Collecting Trip Reports 1990 (Rice & wild rice collecting reports1990)

Duncan A. Vaughan Tech Report 1990

41 Pedor Taoung Rice Seed Product ECOSORN Manual 2007

42 Perfromance of three released rice varieties in framers'field in Cambodia: Yields and acceptability

Men Sarom, Ouk Makara, Hun Yadana, Pith Khon Hel and Edwin Javoer.

InBook 1999

43 Phum Chung Samnay Rice Seed Product ECOSORN Tech Report 2007

44 Plants used in Cambodia Dy Phon Pauline Book 2000

45 Prey Sangha Rice Seed Product ECOSORN Manual 2007

46 Rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) performance under contrasting water availabilities in Cambodia

Dr. Ouk Makara, Sakhan Sophany, Kang Sidet, Thon Vanany, Den Romony, Pin Dara, Pruch Peng, Ith Yath, S. Fukai, K.S. Fischer, J. Basnayake and Mitsuru Tsubo.

Book 2006

47 Report Klaus Schmitt Tech Report 2006

48 Research Note 2006 CARDI Article 2006

49 Research Note 2002 CARDI Book 2002

44






publication

54 Rice Germplasm Catalogue of CambodiaI Vinoy N. Sahai, Ram C. Chaudhary and Sin Sovith

Catalogue 1992

55 Rice Germplasm Catalogue of Cambodia-II Vinoy N. Sahai, Ram C. Chaudhary and Sin Sovith

Catalogue 1992

56 Rice Germplasm Catalogue of Cambodia III

Edwin L. Javier, Men Saron, Pith Khun Hel, Khun Leang Hak, Say Puthea, Sin So Vith, Ouk Makara, Hun Yadana, Suy Sophal, Thun Vathany, Gurdial S. Sidhi, D.P.Mishra, Vinoy N. Sahai, Ram C. Chaudhary and Dolores R. Ledesma

Catalogue 1999

57 Rice Varieties and Plantation Techniques Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI)

Book 2010

58 Rice varieties released by the varietal recommendation Committee of Cambodia (1999-2000)

Men Sarom, Ram C.Chaudhary, Edwin Javier, Ouk Makara, Sahan Sophany, Hun Yadana, Pith Khon Hel, Hhun Leang Hak, G.S.Sidhu, Sin Sovith, Say Puthea, Ung Sopheap, Preap Visarto

Manual 2001

59 Rice Variety "CAR 3" CARDI Misc 2009

60 Rice Variety "Phka Chan Sen Sar" CARDI Misc 2010

61 Rice Variety "Phka Romiet" CARDI Misc 2007

45

62 Rice Variety "Phka Rumdeng" CARDI Misc 2007

63 Rice Variety "Phka Rumdoul" CARDI Misc 2002


publication

64 Rice Variety "Riang Chey" CARDI Misc 2009

65 Rice Variety "Sen Pidao" CARDI Misc 2009

66 Screening of Traditional Cambodian Rice Varieties against Striped Stem border (Chilo suppressalis Walker)

Men Sarom, Sunio, L., Singh, B. N., Saxena, R. C.

In Book 1999

67 Seed production 2010 Book 2008

68 Survey on Ethnobotany in Preah Sihanouk (Ream) National Park

Mr. Dough Henderson Mr. Meng Monyrak Mr. Kim Sarin Mr. Sorn Bora Mr. Sim Song Mr.Lun Kim Hy Mr. Pech Bunnat Mr. Sok Vong Mr. Kruoch Oeun

Article 1999

69 Survey on Natural Resources Uses and Sources in Tonle Chhma

េ ក លន គមហ េ ក គម រន េ កបច បន ត េ ក ឡង េខង េ ក ហង ច ន

Article 1998

70 System of Rice Intensification H.E. Dr. Chan Sarun Booklet 2009

71 Tomato variety "Neang Pich" CARDI Misc 2009

72 Tomato variety "Neang Tamm" CARDI Misc 2009

73 Two open pollinated maize varieties released to Cambodian famers

Sakhan Sophany, Men Sarom, and Ouk Makara

Book 2007

74 Uniform Rice Seed Product ECOSORN Tech Report 2007

75 Varietal Improvement Increases Mungbean Yields in Cambodia

Ouk Makara, Sakhan Sophany, Khun Leang Hak, Sieng layheng and Orn Chhourn

Book 2009

46

76 Vegetable and Subsidary Crops Department of Extension Booklet 2005

77 Watermelon "Rearchny" CARDI Misc 2009


publication

78 Watermwlon "Chan Ammoet" CARDI Misc 2009

79 Weeds of upland crops in Cambodia Robert Martin and Pol Chanthy Booklet 2007

80 ករចលរមអភវឌ នែផនកររគបរគងតបនករពរធមមជតៃនរពះ ជ ចរកកមពជ

MoE Book 2006

81 របពលវបបកមមដ រសវ MAFF Book 2010

47

Annex 6: Indigenous vegetable germplasm collected from three provinces in Cambodia classified according to species

GENUS SPECIES NUMBER OF ACCESSIONS

COLLECTED Abelmoschus esculentus 3 Allium cepa cvgr ascalonicum 1 Allium tuberosum 1 Amaranthus gracilis 3 Amaranthus sp 1 Amaranthus viridis 6 Arachis hypogaea 1 Basella alba 3 Benincasa hispida 10 Brassica juncea 2 Canavalia ensiformis 2 Capsicum annuum 2 Capsicum frutescens 3 Chrysanthemum coronarium 1 Citrullus lanatus 5 Cleome gynandra 6 Cucumis melo 13 Cucumis sativus 18 Cucurbita moschata 4 Eryngium foetidum 3 Hibiscus sabdariffa 2 Ipomoea aquatica 1 Lablab purpureus 3 Luffa acutangula 11 Luffa aegyptiaca 20 Lycopersicon esculentum 5 Momordica charantia 9 Ocimum americanum 2 Ocimum basilicum 5 Ocimum gratissimum 8 Psophocarpus tetragonolobus 12 Sesamum orientale 2 Solanum melongena 22 Solanum sp 1 Trichosanthes cucumerina 1 Vigna radiata 6 Vigna unguiculata cvgr sesquipedalis 9 Vigna unguiculata cvgr unguiculata 2 Zea mays 3 Total 212

48

Annex 7: List of list collected upland weed

No Family Scientific name Khmer name

1 Acanthaceae Ruellia tuberose Krab Bek 2 Aizoaceae Trianthema portulacastrum Phti Thmar 3 Amaranthaceae Achryanthes aspera Andat Kou 4 Amaranthaceae Alternanthera sessilis Choeung Bangkong 5 Amaranthaceae Amaranthus spinosus Phti Banla 6 Amaranthaceae Amaranthus viridus Pthi Daung 7 Amaranthaceae Celosia argentea Semann Prey 8 Apiaceae Centella asiatica Voir Tracheak Khranh 9 Asteraceae Ageratum conzoides Kantraing Kath 10 Asteraceae Chromolaena odorata Tontraing Kheit 11 Asteraceae Eclipta alba 12 Asteraceae Spilanthes paniculata 13 Asteraceae Synedrella nodiflora 14 Asteraceae Tridax procumbens Tracheak Tonsay 15 Asteraceae Vernonia cinerea 16 Boraginaceae Heliotropium indicum Pramoy Damrey 17 Capparidaceae Cleome gynandra Mo-Mein Srok 18 Capparidaceae Cleome rutidosperma 19 Capparidaceae Cleome viscose Momeanh Khmoch 20 Comellinaceae Cyanotis axillaries 21 Commellinaceae Commelina benghalensis Slab Tea 22 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea cairica 23 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea obscura Voir Mouy Lib 24 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea triloba 25 Cucurbitaceae Trichosanthes cucumerina Slauk-Bash 26 Cyperaceae Cyperus rotundus Kravanh Chruk 27 Euphorbiaceae Acalypha indica 28 Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce hirta Tuk Das Khla Touch 29 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia heterophylla Tuk Das Klar Thom 30 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia thymifolia 31 Euphorbiaceae Jatropha gossypiifolia 32 Euphorbiaceae Phyllanthus niruri Brork Phlair 33 Fabaceae Aeschynomene Americana Banlar Saeth 34 Fabaceae Alysicarpus monilifer 35 Fabaceae Cassia occidentalis Sandek Khmuoch 36 Fabaceae Cassia tora Sandek Khmuoch 37 Fabaceae Centrosema pubescens 38 Fabaceae Clitoria ternatea 39 Fabaceae Crotalaria striata Changkrang Svar 40 Fabaceae Mimosa invisa Banlar Saeth

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41 Fabaceae Mimosa pigra Ovas 42 Fabaceae Mimosa pudica Paklab

No Family Scientific name Khmer name

43 Fabaceae Phaseolus atropurpureus 44 Labiateae Hyptis suaviolens 45 Malvaceae Abelmoschus moschatus Phcar Thmoub 46 Malvaceae Abutilon indicum Tbal Ken 47 Malvaceae Pentapetes phoenicea Krachib 48 Malvaceae Sida acuta Kantraing Bay Sar 49 Malvaceae Sida rhombifolia 50 Malvaceae Urena lobata 51 Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia diffusa Phti Thmar 52 Passifloraceae Passiflora foetida 53 Poaceae Brachiaria mutica Smao Barang 54 Poaceae Brachiaria reptans Smao Barang 55 Poaceae Cynodon dactylon Smao Chegnchean 56 Poaceae Dactyloctenium aegyptium Chung Kras 57 Poaceae Digitaria adscendens Sambok Mon 58 Poaceae Echinochloa colona Smov Bekbal 59 Poaceae Eleusine indica Smao Choeung Tukke 60 Poaceae Imperata cylindrica Sbauv Klang 61 Poaceae Sorghum halepense 62 Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea Kambet Chun 63 Rubiaceae Borreria alata Maam Phnom 64 Rubiaceae Hedyotis diffusa Kampoy Chen 65 Rubiaceae Richardia brasiliensis 66 Sapindaceae Cardiospermum halicacabum Kos Ambeng 67 Solanaceae Physalis angulata Pang Pos Srom 68 Tiliaceae Corchorus olitorius Kro Chauv Prey 69 Verbenaceae Stachytarpheta indica 70 Vitaceae Cayratia trifolia Voir Tadeth 71 Euphorbiaceae Jatropha curcas Lhong Kwong

Annex 8: Forest types in Cambodia in 2006 (Forestry Administration 2003; Cambodia National Forest Programme 2008)

Category Area (1000ha) % of Forest Land Change (%) from 2002 Evergreen Forest 3669 33.8 -1.4Semi-evergreen Forest 1363 12.5 -6.3Deciduous Forest 4692 43.2 -2.9Other forest 971 8.9 -8.9Bamboo 36 0.3 24.1Total Forests 10731 98.8 -3.4

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Wood shrubland (Dry) 37 0.3 -73.4Wood shrubland (evergreen) 96 0.9 -36

Total Forest Land 10864 100% -4.6Annex 9: Change in forest Cover in Cambodia 1965-2006 (TWG Forestry and Environment 2007)

Year of Assessment Forest Land

Area (1000 ha) % of Land area

1965 13 227 73.0

1992-1993 10 860 59.8

1996-1997 10 638 58.6

2002 11 104 61.2

2005-2006 10 731 69.1

Annex 10: Areas protected by the Royal Degree of 1993 (Ministry of Environment 2009)

Type No Area (ha) IUNC Category Main Ecosystems covered

National Pack 7 742 300 II, IV

Lowland evergreen forest, also coastal forest, mangroves, Dacrydium or Podocarpus sp. Forests, swamp forests, coral reefs and seagrass

Wildlife Sanctuary 10 2 030 000 II, IV Evergreen forest, Mangroves, coral reefs

Protected Landscape 3 97 000 V Lowland evergreen forest

Multiple use area 3 403 900 VI Flooded forest, mangrove and coastal wetland

Total 23 3 185 900

Annex 11: Protected forest (Forestry Administration 2003)

Name Province or Municipality Year Design Area (ha)

Ang Trapeang Thmor Sarus Crane Conservation Area

Banteay Meanchey 2000 12 650

Protected Forest Mondul Kiri for Genetic Resources and

Wildlife Conservation Mondul Kiri 2002 429 440

Protected Forest Preah Vihear for Genetic Resources and

Wildlife Conservation Preach Vichear 2002 190 030

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Protected Forest Cardamom for Watershed and

Biodiversity Conservation

Koh Kong, Pursat, Kampong Speu

2002 401 310

Seima Biodiversity Conservation

Mondul Kiri and Kratie 2002 305 440

Southern Cardamom Koh Kong 2004 144 275

Annex 12: Priority tree for gene conservation in Cambodia, for threat level of species, 5 denote the most and 1 the least threatened species. (Conservation of valuable and endangered, 2006)

Species Threat Level

Species Threat Level

Dalbergia oliveri Gamble ex Prain 5 Sterculia lychnophora Hance 4

Aquilaria crassna Pierre 5 Cananga latifolia Finet & Gagnep. 4

Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre * 5 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. 4

Gardenia angkorensis Pit. 5 Hopea odorata Roxb. 4

Afzelia xylocarpa (Kruz.) Craib * 5 Tarrietia javanica Blume 3

Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz. * 5 Diospyros pilosanthera Blanco 3

Dysoxylum loureiri Pierre 5 Hopea ferrea Lanessan * 3

Diospyros crumenata Thwaites 5 Xylia dolabriformis Benth. 3

Lasianthus kamputensis Pierre ex Pit. 5 Fibraurea tinctoria Lour. 3

Diospyros bejaudii Lecomte 4 Shorea hypochra Hance * 3

Fagraea fragrans Roxb. * 4 Shorea vulgaris Pierre ex Laness. 3 Dasymaschalon lomentaceum Finet & Gagnep 4 Diospyros nitida Merr.

3

Shorea cochinchinensis Pierre 4 Cassia garretiana Craib 2

Hopea helferi Brandis 4 Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. G. Don 2

Pinus merkusii Jungh & de Vriese 4 Anisoptera costata Korth. 2

Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f. 4 Melanorrhoea laccifera Pierre 2

Cinnamomum cambodianum Lecomte 4 Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb. 1

Annex 13: Species on gene conservation stands in Cambodia (Conservation of valuable and endergered, 2006). Note that several species are consvered together on some stands, the total number of stands being 16

Species Stands Total Area (ha) Mother trees marked

Afzelia xylocarpa * 2 38 53

Anisoptera glabra 1 117 323

Azadirachta indica 1 50 90

Dalbergia bariensis 6 186 263

Dalbergia cochinchinensis * 2 69 147

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Dipterocarpus alatus 1 20 43

Dipterocarpus costatus 1 117 396

Fagraea fragrans * 1 104 72

Haldinia cordifolia 1 100 62

Hopea ferrea * 1 30 88

Pinus merkusii 1 104 72

Pterocarpus macrocarpus * 5 177 310

Scaphium macropodum 1 10 78

Shorea guiso 1 117 19

Shorea hypochra * 1 117 22

Sindora cochinchinensis 5 352 273

Tarrietia javanica 1 117 39

Toona sureni 1 4 26

Xylia xylocarpa 2 121 163Annex 14: Pictures of the implementation of NISM-GPA

Figure 2 : Project Technical Working Group and the First Stakeholder Meeting.

Figure 1 : Project Technical Working Group and International Consultants from FAORAP.

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Figure 3 : Group Picture of Stakeholders Attended the Training-Workshop on the Establishment of NISM-GPA.

Figure 4 : The Training-Workshop on the Establishment of NISM-GPA.

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Figure 5 : The 3rd Stakeholder Meeting at CARDI.

Figure 6 : The 3rd Stakeholder Meeting at CARDI.

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Figure 7 : The Cambodian NISM-GPA Homepage.

Figure 8 : The Group Picture of the Final Training-Workshop on 27-28 July 2011 at CARDI.

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Figure 9 : Final Training-Workshop on 27-28 July 2011 at CARDI.

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Annex 15: brochure of NISM-GPA-PGRFA in Cambodia

ផលវជតេលខ ៣ សងក តរបទះ ង ខណឌ ដេងក ជធនភនេពញ រពះ ជ ចរកកមពជ

National Road NO 3, Prateah Lang Commune, Dangkor District,

Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia.

ទរសពទេលខៈ +(៨៥៥) ២៣ ៦៣១៩ ៦៩៣-៤

Tel: +(855) 23 6319 693-4

របអបសបរត ០១ ជធនភនេពញ រពះ ជ ចរកកមពជ

P.O. Box 01, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia,

E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.cardi.org.kh

p.o box 01, phnom penh, cambodia · nism-gpa, with the information on the “common tables” was...

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